长泰砂仁的本草考证及其生药鉴别

目的对长泰砂仁的品种进行本草考证及其生药鉴别。方法从本草考证、基源鉴别、性状鉴别、显微鉴别和理化鉴别等几方面来确定长泰砂仁的品种问题。结果长泰砂仁与阳春砂仁具有同一性,即是同一物种。结论长泰砂仁与阳春砂仁的化学成分含量略有差异,但主要特征成分相似,均符合国家药典规定。福建省教育厅科技项目资助课题(JA12437); 漳州市科技计划项目资助课题(Z2011060

Histochemistry Study on Developing Anthers of Amomum villosum Lour.

用环氧树脂包埋的半薄切片经PAS反应和苏丹黑染色,研究阳春砂花药发育中的多糖和脂类物质分布特征。结果发现小孢子母细胞和四分体小孢子中积累了一些脂滴,但没有淀粉。阳春砂小孢子母细胞和四分体没有胼胝质壁。晚期小孢子中除了仍有很多脂滴外,细胞核周围开始出现淀粉粒;成熟花粉粒贮存丰富的淀粉粒和脂滴,且花粉壁由多糖物质构成。阳春砂花药壁结构比较特殊:花药壁由10余层细胞组成;最内层的绒毡层细胞在小孢子时期开始解体,细胞质转变为脂滴,供花粉吸收。开花时,花药壁由表皮和几层薄壁细胞以及径向壁纤维加厚的变形细胞组成。Anther development of Amomum villosum Lour.were studied using epoxy resin semi-thin sections with periodic acid-Schiff's technique and Sudan black staining method.The results showed that microspore mother cells and tetrad microspores accumulated numerous lipids but no starches.The late microspore began appear starches around the nucleus beside lipids.Mature pollen grains accumulated abundant polysaccharide starches and lipids.Pollen wall was stained red,suggesting its polysaccharide feature.The anther wall of A.villosum consists of more than ten lay cells.The tapetal cells degenerated at microspore stage and its cytoplasm transform into lipids for the microspore absorbing.At anthesis,the mature anther wall included epidermis and some layers of parenchymal cells and several layers of endothecium cells with an evidently thickened radial wall.福建省教育厅科技项目(JA12437); 漳州市科技计划项目(Z2011060

礼物和宴会的两个逻辑：中国和西北海岸的谱系

本文探讨了礼物的两种不同逻辑:法国社会学家马塞尔·莫斯(Marcel Mauss)阐述的互惠交换;法国理论家乔治·巴塔耶(Georges Bataille)提出的礼物、牺牲以及无回报或不确定性回报、牺牲或仪式性支出。古代中国的文本也揭示了两种逻辑悠久的中国文化传统,而通过在温州农村等地方的田野考察可以在当代中国发现这两种礼物的逻辑。中国北方的商周文化和北美西北海岸的本土文化可能存在着古老的联系,从宴会器皿和其他手工艺品的艺术图案可以看出这一点。在中国现代性的背景下,来源于新教改革的现代西方思想时常被不加批判地接受,而非西方文化的人类学研究可以帮助现代中国文化摆脱某些西方思想的霸权。莫斯和巴塔耶关于礼物、宴会和牺牲的理论受到美洲西北海岸本土文化的启发,有助于促进现代中国重新与自身丰富多样的古代文化传统进行联系,从而在审问中国现代性方面发挥更大的作用

中国东南沿海港口外轮压舱水生物的调查

随机选取东南沿海港口的17艘外来船舶(含8条集装箱船和9条散货船)作为监测对象,进行压舱水浮游植物及动物的物种鉴定和丰度测定,并对监测数据进行统计学分析。检出分属于7个浮游植物门类和5个动物门类的309种外来压舱水生物(包括60种赤潮生物)。外轮压舱水生物的分布及生存状态与水样的水龄和盐度相关。船舶压舱水排放是大家熟知的外来水生生物入侵的主要媒介。本调查结果表明,中国东南沿海外来散货船的压舱水排放所具的潜在生物入侵风险比集装箱船更应受关注

Silicides and Composites Materials as Anodes for Lithium Ion Batteries

应用机械合金退火法合成Mg2S i及MnS i材料,并由机械球磨法制备系列Mg2S i/C复合材料.电化学性能研究表明:以硅化物与碳材料复合,即可明显提高原纯硅化物材料的可逆比容量及其循环稳定性,而球磨复合法则是实现硅化物材料复合的一种简单且有效方法.The anode materials of Mg_(2)Si and MnSi were synthesized by mechanically activated annealing(MAA) techniques in this work and the in electrochemical performances were also studied.A series of composite materials of Mg_(2)Si and CNTs or CMS were prepared by ball-milling method respectively.The reversible capacities of the composites were higher than that of the pure Mg_(2)Si and pure carbon materials.The cyclic performances have been improved greatly by ball-milling of the Mg_(2)Si and carbon materials.Results show that ball-milling method is one kind of method to make alloy materials into practical use.作者联系地址：厦门大学固体表面物理化学国家重点实验室厦门大学化学系,厦门大学固体表面物理化学国家重点实验室厦门大学化学系,厦门大学固体表面物理化学国家重点实验室厦门大学化学系,厦门大学固体表面物理化学国家重点实验室厦门大学化学系 福建厦门361005,厦门大学环境科学研究中心,福建厦门361005,福建厦门361005,福建厦门361005,福建厦门361005Author's Address: 1,2,HUANG Hui-zhen~1,ZHANG Jing~1,YANG Yong~*11.State Key Laboratary for Physical Chemistry of Solid Surface,Department of Chemistry,Xiamen University,Xiamen 361005,China,2.Cencer for Environmental Science research of Xiamen University,Xiamen 361005,Chin

介孔Co-Al_2O_3催化剂上甲烷部分氧化制合成气

采用一锅法制备了介孔Co-Al2O3催化剂,并首次用于甲烷部分氧化制合成气反应. 结果表明,与普通浸渍法相比,一锅法制备的Co-Al2O3催化剂表现出更为优异的催化性能. 合成的介孔Co-Al2O3催化剂具有大的比表面积和孔体积,以及规整有序的六方介孔孔道,Co物种高度分散,从而导致还原后高的金属分散度,而介孔孔道对金属纳米颗粒的约束作用可有效增强金属的抗烧结能力

Study of CoS_2 as a novel negative electrode material for lithium ion battery

报道了一种新型锂离子蓄电池阳极材料CoS2,利用X射线衍射(XRD)、电子扫描电镜(SEM)和BET等技术研究了其结构和形貌。XRD显示CoS2为立方结构,晶胞参数a=0.5531nm,SEM观察其颗粒大约在30mm,表面有丰富的微结构。对不同乙炔黑含量的材料进行研究发现,乙炔黑含量为30%的样品具有较好的电化学性能,首次最大嵌锂容量高达1280mAh·g-1。非原位XRD研究了材料在充放电过程中结构的变化,同时研究了其反应机理。Cobalt disulfide was investigated as a promising anode material for lithium ion batteries. The crystal structure and surface morphology have been characterized by using XRD、SEM and BET techniques. The results of XRD show that the sample is a cubic phase. The grain size of sample is 30 mm with a special nanostructure characteristic as observed by means of SEM, Charge-discharge experiments show that the sample with 30% different acetylene black has the best performance that the first lithium insertion capacity is about 1 280 mAh·g-1. Ex-situ XRD experiments were also carried out to determine the structural changes of delithiated / lithiated anode materials and used to analyze the reaction mechanism.国家自然科学基金资助项目(20473068,29925310

THE ULTRASTRUCTURAL OBSERVATION OF ANTHERS OF CHINESE CABBAGE’S MAIL-STERILITY

通讯作者,E-mail:[email protected][中文文摘]对白菜核雄性不育两用系的可育与不育花药进行了超微结构的比较观察。结果显示不育花药的造孢细胞核仁靠边分布:包裹小孢子母细胞的胼胝质厚薄不均匀,不完整等早期异常现象。减数分裂后,四分体细胞中常有多个细胞核。从四分体释放出的小孢子外壁的孢粉素物质不均匀沉积．呈不连续的单层异常结构。最后小孢子通过细胞质收缩方式败育。在可育花药中,绒毡层细胞在小孢子发育后期已显示出退化迹象,同时在细胞中开始积累脂类物质。但在同时期的不育花药中, 绒毡层细胞没有显示出退化的迹象,也不合成脂类物质。从时间上看,败育花药中小孢子母细胞及小孢子的异常在先,绒毡层细胞的异常在后。本研究揭示了白菜核雄性不育花药的超微结构特征, 对我们以前的光学显微镜观察结果予以补充和修正。 [英文文摘]The fertile and sterile anthers of a Chinese cabbage (Brassica campestris L. ssp. chinensis Makino) were observed using electron microscope to find the ultrastructural feature of sterile anthers . The earliest abnormal phenomenon in sterile anther was nucleolus of sporogenous cells locating in the edge of nucleus. During microspore mother cell development, callus wall surrounding the cell displayed uneven in the thick ness and was discontinuous, and the some cytoplasm leaked out of the cell from some rifts in the wall. After meiosis of microspore mother cells, the cells of tetrad were irregular and some of them contained several nuclei. The exine of pollen began to be formed in tetrad in this cabbage . The evident disorder during exine formation in the sterile pollen occurred during its primexine formation and then the sporopollenin was irregularly deposited to form a layer of uneven and discontinuous pollen exine. Cytoplasm of aborting microspores contracted and finally degenerated after them released from tetrad. The tapetal cells of fertile anther began to synthesis abundant lipid material during microspore development. However, the tapetal cells of sterile anther did not synthesis lipid material during microspore aborting. The microspore abortion was first and tapetal degeneration second. Therefore, aborting microspore induced the functional default of tapetal cells synthesizing lipid material. The ultrastructural results on this study further complete and correct our previous results obtained by light microscope.国家自然科学基金(30570104