A Study on the Efficiency of Public Expenditure

基础教育是指人们生存、生活和发展的基本知识和能力的教育，包括家庭教育、中小学校教育和必要的社会生活知识教育等。在我国现阶段的基础教育包括幼儿教育、小学教育和普通中学教育。基础教育财政支出是指国家财政预算直接安排给各级各类基础教育学校的教育事业费和基本建设投资，它是中小学校经费的主体部分，它是国家在对社会总产品和国民收入进行初次分配和再次分配形成的财政收入的基础上，通过国家预算的分配来实现的。进入二十一世纪以来，基础教育财政支出的效率问题一直受到人们的普遍关注。鉴于目前我国基础教育财政支出存在着各种问题，尤其是使用效率低下的问题，如何使基础教育经费的使用更加合理，使我国有限的教育资源得到优化配置...Basic education, which is about people's basic knowledge and capacity of survival, living and development, includes family education, elementary education and social knowledge education and so on. Nowadays, basic education in our country includes preschool education, elementary education and secondary education. The public expenditure on basic education is the main part of elementary and secondary...学位：经济学硕士院系专业：经济学院财政金融系_财政学(含税收学)学号：20044104

补阳还五汤冲洗联合负压封闭引流技术治疗四肢软组织缺损创面的临床研究

目的:探讨补阳还五汤冲洗联合负压封闭引流技术(VSD)治疗四肢软组织缺损创面的临床疗效。方法:将57例慢性四肢软组织缺损创面患者行VSD治疗后随机分为补阳还五汤冲洗组(A组,n=29)和生理盐水冲洗组(B组,n=28),术后观察并比较两组患者的炎症指标变化、细菌培养结果、1周后肉芽组织覆盖率和首次植皮成活率情况。结果:两组患者术后及术后3 d的CRP比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),而术后7 d及14 d,A组患者CRP低于B组(P0.05);A组患者术后14 d的ESR及白细胞计数明显低于B组(P<0.05)。术后1周A、B组平均肉芽组织覆盖率分别为(81.86±5.74)%和(73.11±4.19)%,两组差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。拆除VSD后细菌培养结果显示:A组阴性为20例(70.0%),明显高于B组的11例(39.3%),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。A组有24例(82.8%)首次植皮或皮瓣转移成功闭合创面,B组有16例(57.1%)首次植皮成活,两组首次植皮成活率比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:补阳还五汤冲洗联合VSD治疗四肢软组织缺损创面能降低炎症反应、促进肉芽组织生长、缩短植皮时间,提高植皮成活率。福建中医药大学校管课题(XB2017079

社会主义市场经济条件下坚持和发展“国家分配论”的思考

我赞同邓子基教授的观点，即在本质的层面上，“国家分配论”与“公共财政论”是总体和局部的关系，“国家分配论”涵盖“公共财政论”。在市场经济体制下，国家为主体进行集中性分配的特征并未弱化，“国家分配论”所倡导的实质性原理同样适用，仅仅在分配方式和范围上因..

Concentrations and distribution of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and organo chlorides in surface sediment of Xiamen Western Harbour and Minjiang Estuary

参考美国EPA标准方法对厦门西港和闽江口的表层沉积物样品中持续性有机污染物PAHs、PCBs、和DDTs的含量及分布进行分析和考察 ,并对若干污染特征及成因进行探讨 .结果表明 ,厦门西港沉积物样品中总PAHs含量 (ng/ g(干重 ) )较闽江口海域为高 ,其中厦门样品测值范围是 42 5 3 - 15 2 2 4,大多高于 10 0 0 ,推断主要来源于石油类污染 ;闽江口为 316 8-12 6 0 7,大多低于 10 0 0 ,化石燃料燃烧可能是其主要来源 .PCBs和DDT的分析结果表明 ,PCBs并非两海域的主要污染物 ,其含量 (ng/ g(干重 ) )测值范围是厦门西港 9 72— 33 72 ,闽江口 8 71— 30 5 5 ;DDT类含量测值 (ng/g(干重 ) )厦门西港高于闽江口 ,范围分别为 8 6 1— 73 70和 6 17— 30 70 (河口高值站位为 6 3 88) ,空间分布呈近岸高于远岸趋势 .同时表明 ,在厦门海域表层沉积物中DDD是主要降解产物 ,而在闽江口DDE为主要降解产物The U.S.EPA analytical methods were employed to examine surface sediment concentrations of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and organo chlorides (PCBs and DDTs) in Xiamen Western Harbour (XM),in June,1999,and Min River Estuary (MJ) in Oct., 1996.The spatial distribution and main possible sources of these pollutants were discussed.The ranges of PAHs concentration (ng/g(DW)) are 425-1520,with most values higher than 1000 in XM samples,and 315-1260,with most values lower than 1000 in MJ samples respectively.The main possible sources of sediment PAHs were identified as petroleum pollutants for Xiamen Western Harbour,and fossil fuel combustion products by river input for Minjiang Estuary,respectively.Sediment PCBs were found not the main pollutants in the study areas,with concentrations(ng/g(DW))ranging from 9.72 to 33.72,and from 8.71 to 30.55,in XM samples and MJ samples,respectively.Concentrations (ng/g(DW)) of sediment DDT and its degraded compounds show the trend of decreasing off the shore,while ranging from 20 to 70,and 6 to 30,in XM samples and MJ samples,respectively.Meaningful information also displays that the main degradation products are DDD in XM samples and DDE in MJ samples.As for the general results,the disadvantage of hydrodynamics,industrial and municipal wastewater discharge,and harbour activities are inferred as the main aspects of the factors affecting pollution in Xiamen Western Harbour,comparing with those in Minjiang Estuary,which is significantly affected by Minjiang River input.Measures for pollution prevention thus should be taken differently in the two areas

Study on Simulation Techniques of Interactive Coupling between Tree and Natural Scenes

在计算机图形学中，不同自然场景间的交互作用模拟成为近年来研究的热点问题之一。树木作为自然界最常见也是最重要的组成元素之一，其与周围环境之间的交互作用模拟在电影、游戏等行业中发挥着举足轻重的作用。为了满足人们对视觉效果的追求，基于物理的动画算法被引入到图形学中来，这使得树木与周围场景间交互作用仿真效果更加真实；然而，由于当前计算机硬件发展水平以及软件并行算法的限制，计算机求解大量的物理方程组是一个非常耗时的过程。本文对此领域进行了深入而有针对性的研究与探讨，解决了树木与周围环境（如风、雨等）交互作用模拟问题以及基于物理方法的CUDA并行加速技术问题。本文的贡献与创新主要体现在以下几个方面： l&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 提出一种由层次树枝结构与小细枝结构组成的树木结构模型，以及树木骨架提取算法。本文树木模型由树枝与树叶组成，树枝结构采用具有父子关系的层次结构，树叶来源于用户定义的具有多种树木种类的小细枝集。树枝骨架结构是驱动树木动画的基础，本文实现两种树枝骨架结构生成算法：一为基于规则的骨架生成算法，二为基于三维美工树木模型的骨架提取算法。最后，结合树木的表皮几何结构与树皮、树叶纹理对场景进行真实感绘制。 l&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 提出一种树木在风场中多尺度运动的算法。本文将树木风中动态分解为低频树枝动态与高频树叶动态。本文提出两种实现树枝低频动态模拟的算法：一为基于物理的转化矩阵计算（physically-based transformation matrix calculations，简称PTMC）动态模型，二为改进的Euler-Bernoulli动态模型；同时，本文提出一种称之为angular-shell的树叶动态模拟算法，该算法能够将树叶限制于预先定义好的angular-shell空间内做高频运动。实验结果表明该算法可以真实、有效地模拟树木在风力作用下的摇摆运动。 l&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 提出一种模拟树木与雨滴交互作用算法。本文提出一种扩展三棱柱弹簧模型（extended three-prism spring model，简称ETPSM）用于控制树枝与叶柄在外力作用下的振动、扭转、反弹等运动；同时，应用简单几何模型结构与Shallow Water Equations（SWE）两种不同方法模拟雨滴在具有亲水性的树叶表面上的多种运动现象，包括液滴的飞溅、流动、合并、下落、拖长尾巴以及叶片表面变湿等现象。树叶与液滴之间的相互作用是通过彼此间的压力进行传递的。 l&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 提出一种基于CUDA的实时树木风中动画并行算法。本文采用当前NVIDIA公司设计的GPGPU模型的CUDA框架，重新设计适合树木运动并行计算的数据结构，改进并行算法，真实地模拟树木在风力下摇曳等实时动画效果，提高了树木动画仿真效率。此外，本文将上述算法应用于基于物理的树叶形变算法的并行加速过程，亦取得了近七倍的加速效果。 In computer graphics (CG), the simulations of interactive coupling among different natural scenes become one of the hottest research problems in recent years. As one of most popular and important elements in nature, trees interactively coupled with surrounding environment take an active part in the industrial applications, such as movies, games and so on. To the pursuit of visual effects for us, the physically-based methods in computer animation (CA) have been introduced into CG to enhance the simulation reality of interactive coupling among different scenes; however, due to the limitations of computer hardwares and parallel algorithms, it is rather time-consuming to solve lots of physical equations. In this case, this thesis achieves a deep and specialized research and discussion in this field, solving the problems in&nbsp; simulation of trees interactively coupled with surrounding environment (such as wind, rain etc) and the problem of CUDA-based parallel acceleration approach derived from physically-based methods. The main contributions and innovations of our work include the following aspects: l&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; We propose a tree structural model composed of branches and twigs and an algorithm for tree skeleton capture. As the structure of tree is composed of branches and leaves, the branch model adopts a hierarchical structure of parent-child relationship and the leaf model is selected from a twig set of various species of trees pre-defined by user. Tree's skeleton is the structural basics of tree animation, therefore in this thesis, we present two approaches to generate tree's skeleton: one is rule-based growth algorithm, the other is skeleton-capture algorithm for artist-made tree model. The geometries of tree branches and leaves together with their textures are used to render the final whole tree. l&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; We propose a multi-resolution approach to simulate tree motion in the wind field. In this thesis, we separate the motion of tree into low-frequency branch dynamic and high-frequency leaf dynamic. To achieve the branch dynamic simulation, we present two algorithms: one is the approach called physically-based transformation matrix calculations (PTMC), the other is derived from improved Euler-Bernoulli beam model. In addition, a novel angular-shell dynamic model of leaf simulation is proposed as well. This method can control leaf's motion among the angular-shell space in a higher frequency. Experimental results of tree motion in the wind show us that our algorithms can achieve the tree's swaying under the influence of wind. l&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; We propose a novel approach to simulate the interactive coupling between tree and raindrops. In this thesis, we use a new elastic model call extended three-prism spring model (ETPSM) to control branch/petiole's motions, such as vibration, rotation, rebound etc. In addition, both of different methods based simple geometry mesh and Shallow Water Equations(SWE) are taken into account to simulate various phenomena incurred from the interactive coupling, respectively. These include, among from others for instance, part of raindrops splash into the air, flow with a tail, merge or hang on the leaf surface and the leaf surfaces become wet, etc. The interactive coupling between tree and raindrops can be realized through the transfer of pressure between both of themselves. l&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; We propose a CUDA-based parallel algorithm of real-time tree animation in the wind field. In this thesis, we use CUDA platform of recent GPGPU designed by NVidia company to simulate tree swaying in wind field by re-arranging parallel tree data and improving parallel algorithm. Experimental results show us this algorithm can accelerate tree animation greatly. In addition, this parallel algorithm can also speedup physically-based leaf deformation up to seven times. </font

Design and Implementation of a Standardized Research Institute Integrated Service Management System

随着信息技术的飞速发展，特别是计算机软件、计算机网络的深入应用，信息化建设已经成为当前各行业提高管理水平、谋求生存、参与市场竞争的必由之路。 某标准化研究院是一个面向社会的公益性事业单位，通过多年的努力建设，目前已经拥有了全省组织机构代码数据库、物品编码数据库及全省最大的标准文献数据库等资源库。为了更好的科学管理这些资源，为各科室工作人员提供高效便捷的后台服务，提高各科室工作人员的办公效率，提出了开发综合业务管理系统项目。 本文主要介绍一个Delphi应用系统，该系统将不同应用整合在一个系统中，实现多重角色管理，不同角色设置可进入不同应用，不同角色在不同的模块里的权限也有不同，使人员操作起...With the rapid development of information technology, especially the in-depth application of computer software, computer network, information construction has become the industry to improve the level of management, to seek survival, the route one must take participate in the market competition. The the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region Institute of standardization is a society oriented of public w...学位：工程硕士院系专业：软件学院_工程硕士(软件工程)学号：X201223040

Algorithm for digitalized simulation of garden plants. Computer Engineering and ;Applications

植物建模是计算机图形学研究热点之一，提出一种园林植物数字化建模算法。该算法通过园林植物的数字化表示方法以及四个主要步骤实现仿真效果。第一步初始化空间网格结构以及植物的轮廓结构；第二步通过生长范围计算、生长控制、网格能量计算、新的骨架结点更新等步骤生成树木的骨架结构；第三步实现交互剪枝功能，并实现纹理的获取以及三维几何结构的生成；第四步完成最终园林场景的搭建及绘制。本文算法可以生成具有简单/复杂轮廓模型的植株。实验结果表明：文中算法可以真实地模拟绿篱与立体花坛等园林植物场景

自适应三维美工树木骨架提取算法

中国计算机学会 中国自动化学会 中国图学学会 中国图象图形学学会 中国系统仿真学