少年非行に影響を与える要因 -地域の物理的環境と中学生の非行容認度との関係-

　軽微な犯罪の早期解決がそれより重大な犯罪を抑止するという考え方を割れ窓理論 （broken windows theory）という。現在では、環境悪化放置の防止が地域の犯罪の抑止となる、 という観点から議論されることも多い。この理論の実践は1990年代半ばから米国において警察主導の取り組みとして始まった。最近は、日本でも地域住民主体による落書き防止などの取り組みとして盛んになっている。本研究は、地域環境悪化の放置および地域に立地する各種施設と、中学生の非行容認度との間にどのような関係があるのかを検討し、非行防止対策への手がかりとすることを目的とした。　福岡県内の中学２年生と矯正施設入所等中学生に対し、質問紙により以下の点を調査した。１）校区の悪化環境の放置に関する認識について、２）校区に立地する各種施設について、３）非行の容認について。その結果、悪化環境が放置されていると考える中学生は非行の容認度が高いことが示唆された。いっぽう少年院等の中学生は、悪化が放置された環境で暮らしていたと考える率が低かった。自らの住む環境の悪化が放置されていると感じるとき、中学生は非行を絶対悪だと考えなくなるが、放置状態に対して無頓着になると、実際に非行を犯す可能性が高まるとも考えられる。また、校区に、ギャンブル場などがあると答えた中学生において非行を許す程度が高かった。さらに、どんな施設であっても、立地する場合に環境が悪化していると認識する率が高かった。　以上の知見を踏まえると、落書きやゴミ放置などの公衆ルール違反を即急に解決することは、中学生が非行を許さないと考えることにつながる可能性がある。犯罪の低減と同様、割れ窓理論にもとづく具体的な取り組みが非行防止の一助となると考えられる

Lipid Transfer Proteinに対するモノクローナル抗体を用いたリンゴ使用量の評価系の確立

In order to establish evaluation system for apple content in foods, monoclonal antibodies were raisedagainst apple lipid transfer protein (LTP). A sandwich-type of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA)was developed by using two of the five monoclonal antibodies obtained. This ELISA showed a practicalworking range of 0.03-10 ng/mL for apple LTP and no cross-reactivity with other fruits tested except plum.LTP could be determined with this ELISA in peel selectively and in foods with apple labeling such as applejuice, vegetable juice and even in curry roux

植物起源の食物アレルゲン : Lipid Transfer Proteinのアレルゲン性と生物学的特性

The most important allergens in young children are derived from animal foods. Therefore, researches of food allergy are mainly developed on hen's eggs and cow's milk. On the other hand, new types of allergy such as pollen allergy, latex allergy and oral allergy syndrome have recently been increasing. These allergies are characteristically caused by plant allergens and seen in adults. In the former case, sensitization and induction are usually caused by a same allergen (Type I food allergy). However, they are caused by different antigens with cross-reactivity in the latter case (Type II food allergy). This review first focuses on cross-reactivity of plant allergens to explain the increase of the Type II food allergy and then summarizes the information and our data about the major plant allergen, Lipid Transfer Protein

小麦アレルギーのエピトープペプチドに対するモノクローナル抗体の作製

Monoclonal Antibodies were raised against SQQQ(Q)PPF peptide conjugated to Keyhole Limpet Hemocyanin, which has been identified as epitope peptide of wheat allergy. Three monoclonal antibodies, mAbs 3D, 4B, and 6F were obtained by screening with the peptide conjugated to bovine serum albumin. However, these mAbs did not react with the free peptide in a competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. On western analysis, about 14 and 17kDa proteins in the wheat globulin fraction were detected with these mAbs. It is reported that wheat proteins of about 14, 16kDa were reactive with sera of patients allergic to wheat and that a wheat globulin of about 19kDa has SQQQQQG sequence. It seems likely that the mAbs obtained here recognize the 19kDa protein related to wheat allergy

ヒト外分泌液中の食品タンパク質特異的IgAおよびその免疫複合体

We have revealed the occurrence of food proteins as immune complexes in human breast milk. In this report, we aimed to establish the generality of the fact in human exocrine fluids by analyzing food proteinspecific IgAs and their immune complexes in human saliva and tear. Food protein-specific IgAs and their immune complexes were able to be determined in human saliva and tear. The levels were high in order of nursing mothers, adults, and infants. There was no correlation between total IgA and specific IgAs. On the other hand, negative correlation between serum IgE and salivary IgA specific to egg white proteins was observed in infants with atopic eczema. Then, it was suggested that the degree of maturation of mucosal immunity in individual person could be monitored as the anti-allergic parameter by analyzing food protein-specific IgAs in saliva. Saliva can be easily prepared without pain and prick. Utility of saliva as a biological material for clinical diagnosis and physiological significance of the food protein-IgA immune complexes in exocrine fluids were propose

薬物療法で発生する問題点解決のためのデータベース構築

平成10年度国立大学附属病院医療情報処理部門連絡会議論文集 42-45-, 199