草資源の効率的利用による内蒙古草原の保全を目的とした冬季の糖蜜および尿素飼料添加が反すう家畜の生産性およびルーメン内微生物叢に及ぼす効果

筑波大学 (University of Tsukuba)201

Cheng-Mou Lin and the Research on His Modern Poetry

作家書寫文字之後，讀者藉由閱讀行為而能感覺到作者的意念與情感，如此過程中，讀者可能被作品感動，也可能看不懂，更可能產生不同程度的認知。其中，文字的書寫者──作者──如果在書寫工具的選擇上，做了徹底改變，那麼文本的閱讀便充滿了討論的空間。 林沈默（1959－）於七0年代開始以本名林承謨發表詩作，並於1983年出版華語詩集《白烏鴉》；解嚴（1987）之後，為了追求自我認同（尤其是民族情感）的文化尊嚴並確立身為台灣人的主體意識，林沈默改變了寫作的語言，以其母語（台語）寫詩。除了語言的改變，林沈默更改變了寫作策略，以不同於寫作華語詩的抒情風格，寫下更加凸顯現實意義的台語詩，並於2002年出版《林沈默台語詩選》、2006年出版《沈默之聲》此兩冊現實主義風格強烈的台語詩集。 林沈默寫作語言工具的改變，相當程度上代表著他的歷史觀已經產生變異。改以母語書寫的林沈默，自知其選擇的敘述方式與敘事觀點，將透過文字，透過閱讀，建構屬於自己的意識與意識形態。相對於他之前寫作的華語詩，林沈默後期的母語詩明顯帶有語言工具選擇上的顯義作用，標舉了一種顛覆的血統。 在當代台灣文學的發展脈絡中，母語詩的出現，不但衝撞了既有的文壇面貌，也為台灣文學整體的內涵所包容。這樣的文學現象，讓台灣文學增添了新的血統。林沈默的現代詩作品，從華語到台語，當中過渡的時代意義，值得探究。The readers could feel the poet’s ideas and feelings by reading his poems , In progress of reading , the readers could be touched by the poems possibly ; however , they couldn’t understand the poems possibly on the contrary , Furthermore, these poems could result in different degree of recognition , For example , if the script writer ── the poet, made a absolute change in choosing writing instrument , then the script would have more bigger space for discussion . In 1970s , Lin Cheng－mou（1959－）begam to publish his poetry with his true name Lin Cheng－mou (林承謨) , His Chinese poetry album 《White Crows》 was issued in 1983 , After martial－law ended（1987）, In order to pursue the cultural dignity of self－recognition（especially national affection）and to establish the subjective awakening firmly of being a Taiwan citisen , Lin Cheng－mou changed his former writing language into his mother tongue－Taiwanese instead . Not only writing language Changed but also the tactics of writing . Differing from the lyric style of Chinese poetry , he wrote down Taiwanese poems with more realistic meaning . He issued two Taiwanese poetry selections with strong realistic style , one is《Lin－Cheng－Mou’s Taiwanese poetry selection》in 2002 , the other is《The Silent Voice》in 2006 . It represented farly that Lin Cheng－mou had changed his historical viewpoint by changing his wrting language . Lin Cheng－mou wrote his poems in Taiwanese ── his mother tongue he just knew clearly the way of statement and the poem’s viewpoint would construct his consciousness and the status of sense througt the suinpt and reading . Compared with his former Chinese poetry , Lin Cheng－mou ’s poems eaten in mother tongue not only had a evident meaning obviously , but also emphasized a subversive descent . In the developing veins of Taiwan Contemporary culture the poems in mother tongue not only bumped into the old looks of literary circles , but also mixed with the whole Taiwan literature , The new status of literature created a new tradition in Taiwan literature , Therefore , Lin Cheng－mou’s contemporary poetry that differed from Chinese to Taiwanese , from the old era to a new one was worthy of studying .第一章 緒論………………………………………………………………..1 第一節 研究動機與目的…………………………………………………..1 第二節 文獻回顧與探討…………………………………………………..5 第三節 研究方法與章節架構……………………………………………14 第二章 從林承謨開始：華語詩集《白烏鴉》及其他…………………19 第一節 林承謨華語詩的抒情主題………………………………………19 第二節 林承謨華語詩的現實主題………………………………………50 第三節 林承謨華語詩的特色……………………………………………74 第三章 政治、母土、歌詩：《林沈默台語詩選》……………………..80 第一節 《林沈默台語詩選》的寫作背景與時代意義…………………..80 第二節 《林沈默台語詩選》的政治性格………………………………..86 第三節 《林沈默台語詩選》的母土形象………………………………107 第四章 現實主義的發皇：聽見《沈默之聲》………………………..145 第一節 歷史想像與想像歷史…………………………………………..145 第二節 《沈默之聲》的即時性…………………………………………151 第三節 《沈默之聲》的現實性…………………………………………161 第五章 結論：林沈默現代詩的延展與質變…………………………..171 第一節 從華語的林承謨到台語的林沈默……………………………..171 第二節 從抒情的林沈默到寫實的林沈默……………………………..176 第三節 空間的林沈默與人間的林沈默………………………………..180 參考書目……………………………………………………………………185 附錄一：林沈默已發表但未收入詩集的作品……………………………195 附錄二：林沈默文學年表…………………………………………………197 附錄三：林沈默訪問稿….…………………………………….…..………209 附錄四：全詩內容（361行）……………………….21