5 research outputs found

    An Analysis on Chosลn Agricultural Schools: The Establishment, Operation and Graduate Employment Patterns in the Early Japanese Colonial Period

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    ํ•™์œ„๋…ผ๋ฌธ (์„์‚ฌ)-- ์„œ์šธ๋Œ€ํ•™๊ต ๋Œ€ํ•™์› : ์‚ฌํšŒ๊ต์œก๊ณผ(์—ญ์‚ฌ์ „๊ณต), 2012. 8. ้‡‘ๆณฐ้›„.๋ณธ ๋…ผ๋ฌธ์€ ๆ—ฅๅธๅผบๅ ๅˆ ๋†์—…ํ•™๊ต์˜ ์„ค๋ฆฝ ๊ฒฝ์œ„์™€ ๊ต์œก ๋ชฉํ‘œ, ํ•™์ œ์™€ ๊ต์Šต ์‹คํƒœ๋ฅผ ํŒŒ์•…ํ•˜๊ณ , ์ด์™€ ๋”๋ถˆ์–ด ์กธ์—…์ƒ ์ง„๋กœ์˜ ์‹คํƒœ๋ฅผ ์ง„๋‹จํ•จ์œผ๋กœ์จ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ๊ฐ–๋Š” ํŠน์ง•๊ณผ ์˜๋ฏธ๋ฅผ ๊ฒ€ํ† ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค. ๋Œ€ํ•œ์ œ๊ตญ์€ ๆฎ–็”ฃ่ˆˆๆฅญๆ”ฟ็ญ–์˜ ์ผํ™˜์œผ๋กœ ๅ•†ๅทฅ ์ค‘์‹ฌ์˜ ์‹ค์—… ๊ต์œก์„ ์‹ค์‹œํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์‚ฐ์—…์„ ๋ณดํ˜ธยท์œก์„ฑํ•˜๊ณ , ๊ตญ๊ฐ€ ์šด์˜๊ณผ ์‚ฐ์—… ์ง„ํฅ์— ํ•„์š”ํ•œ ์ธ์žฌ๋ฅผ ์–‘์„ฑํ•จ์œผ๋กœ์จ ๊ตญ๊ถŒ ์ƒ์‹ค์˜ ์œ„๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๊ทน๋ณตํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•จ์ด์—ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ์„์‚ฌ๋Š‘์•ฝ์ด ๊ฐ•์ œ๋˜๊ณ  ํ†ต๊ฐ๋ถ€๊ฐ€ ๋“ค์–ด์„œ๋ฉด์„œ ๋Œ€ํ•œ์ œ๊ตญ๊ธฐ์— ์ „๊ฐœ๋œ ์‹ค์—…๊ต์œก์€ ๋ณ€์งˆ๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค. ํ†ต๊ฐ๋ถ€๋Š” ๋ฌธ๋ช… ์ง„๋ณด์˜ ์ˆ˜๋‹จ์œผ๋กœ ์‹ค์—… ๊ต์œก์„ ์„ ์ „ํ•˜์˜€๊ณ , ์ •์น˜์ƒ‰์ด ๊ฐ€๋ฏธ๋œ ์ธ๋ฌธ๊ต์œก์„ ๊ฐ€๊ธ‰์  ๋ฐฐ์ œ์‹œํ‚ด์œผ๋กœ์จ ์กฐ์„ ์ธ์˜ ๋ฏผ์กฑ์  ์ €ํ•ญ์„ ๋ฌด๋งˆยท์•ฝํ™”์‹œํ‚ค๊ณ ์ž ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๋˜ํ•œ, ๋†๏ฝฅ๊ณต๏ฝฅ์ƒ์˜ ์‹ค์—… ๊ต์œก ์ค‘์—์„œ๋„ ๋†์—… ๊ต์œก์— ์ดˆ์ ์„ ๋งž์ถ”๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๋‚ด์šฉ๊ณผ ๋ฐฉํ–ฅ์„ ์ „ํ™˜ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์กฐ์„ ์˜ ็ฑณ็ฉ€์„ ๊ฐœ๋Ÿ‰๏ฝฅ์ฆ์‚ฐํ•˜์—ฌ ์ด๋ฅผ ์ผ๋ณธ์— ๋ฐ˜์ถœํ•˜๋Š”๋ฐ ๋†์—… ๊ต์œก์ด ๊ฐ€์žฅ ๊ธด์š”ํ–ˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ด์—ˆ๋‹ค. ๋†์—… ๊ต์œก์˜ ํ•„์š”์„ฑ์ด ์ œ๊ณ ๋˜๋ฉด์„œ ์ผ์ œ๋Š” ๊ฐ ้“์— ๋†์—…ํ•™๊ต๋ฅผ ์„ค๋ฆฝํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ํ†ต๊ฐ๋ถ€๊ฐ€ ๊ตฌ์ƒํ•œ ์ดˆ๊ธฐ์˜ ๋†์—…ํ•™๊ต๋Š” ๋†์—… ๊ฐœ๋Ÿ‰์„ ์ถ”์ง„ํ•˜๊ณ , ํ† ์ง€์กฐ์‚ฌ์‚ฌ์—… ๋ฐ ์ง€์—ญ์˜ ๅพžๆฅญ่€…๋ฅผ ์–‘์„ฑํ•˜๋ ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด์—ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๋†์—…ํ•™๊ต๋Š” ๊ฐ•์  ์ดํ›„์— ํ•œ์ธต ๋ณ€๋ชจ๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด ์‹œ๊ธฐ ๋†์—…ํ•™๊ต๋Š” ์ผ์ œ์˜ ๋†์‚ฌ ๊ฐœ๋Ÿ‰ ์ •์ฑ…์„ ์ž˜ ์ดํ•ดํ•˜๊ณ , ์Šค์Šค๋กœ ๋ชจ๋ฒ”์ ์ธ ๋†์—… ๊ฒฝ์˜์„ ํ•˜๋ฉด์„œ, ์กฐ์„  ๋†๋ฏผ์—๊ฒŒ๋„ ๊ฐœ๋Ÿ‰ ๋†๋ฒ•์„ ์ง€๋„ยท์žฅ๋ คํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ็ฏค่พฒๅฎถ๋ฅผ ์–‘์„ฑํ•˜๋Š” ๊ธฐ๊ด€์œผ๋กœ ์ •๋น„๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค. ์•„์šธ๋Ÿฌ ํ•™์ƒ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ์ถฉ๋Ÿ‰ํ•œ ๋†๋ฏผ, ์„ฑ์‹ค ๊ทผ๋ฉดํ•œ ๋†๋ฏผ์œผ๋กœ์„œ์˜ ํ’ˆ์„ฑ์„ ๊ฐ–์ถ”๊ฒŒ ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด์„œ ๋…ธ๋ ฅํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์ด๋Š” ๊ถ๊ทน์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ด๋…๋ถ€์˜ ๋†์‚ฌ ๊ฐœ๋Ÿ‰ ์ •์ฑ…์„ ์›ํ™œํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•œ ์ฐจ์›์—์„œ ์ด๋ฃจ์–ด์กŒ๋‹ค. ๋†์—…ํ•™๊ต์˜ ๊ต์œก ๋ชฉํ‘œ๋Š” ๊ทธ ๅญธๅˆถ์™€ ๆ•Ž็ฟ’ ์‹คํƒœ์˜ ๋ถ„์„์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ๋ณด๋‹ค ๋ช…ํ™•ํžˆ ํŒŒ์•…ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ•์  ์ดˆ๊ธฐ์— ๋†์—…ํ•™๊ต์—์„œ๋Š” ์กธ์—… ํ›„ ๅฏฆๆฅญ่‡ช็‡Ÿ่€…์˜ ์ž์งˆ์„ ๊ฐ–์ถ˜ ํ•™์ƒ์„ ์„ ๋ฐœํ•˜๊ณ ์ž ํ•˜์˜€์œผ๋ฉฐ, ๊ต์œก ๊ณผ์ •์— ์žˆ์–ด์„œ๋„ ์กฐ์„ ์ด๋…๋ถ€์˜ ๋†์—… ์ •์ฑ…์— ๋ณด์กฐ๋ฅผ ๋งž์ถ”๋ฉด์„œ ๋†์‚ฌ ํ˜„์žฅ์—์„œ ํ•„์š”ํ•œ ๋‚ด์šฉ์„ ๊ต์Šตํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ์— ์น˜์ค‘ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๋†์—…ํ•™๊ต ํ•™์ƒ๋“ค์€ ๊ทผ๊ฒ€, ์„ฑ์‹ค ๋“ฑ ์ผ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์กฐ์„  ๋†๋ฏผ์—๊ฒŒ ์š”๊ตฌํ–ˆ๋˜ ๊ฐ์ข… ๋•๋ชฉ๊ณผ ์กฐ์„  ๋†์—…์˜ ๊ฐœ๋Ÿ‰, ์ง„๋ณด์— ๊ธฐ์—ฌํ•  ๋งŒํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ็‰นๅฎš๋œ ์ง€์‹ ๊ธฐ๋Šฅ์„ ํ•™์Šตํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์กฐ์„ ์˜ ๋†์—…ํ•™๊ต์—๋Š” ์ง€์—ญ ์‚ฌ์ •์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ๊ต์œก ๋‚ด์šฉ์„ ํƒ„๋ ฅ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์šด์˜ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์—ˆ๋˜ ์ผ๋ณธ๊ณผ๋Š” ๋‹ฌ๋ฆฌ ์‘์šฉ์ ์ด๊ณ  ๊ทผ์‹œ์ผ ๋‚ด์— ์ƒ์‚ฐ๋ ฅ์˜ ์ฆ๋Œ€๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์ ธ์˜ฌ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋†์—… ๊ต๊ณผ๋ชฉ๊ณผ ๊ต์œก๊ณผ์ •์ด ๊ฐ•์ œ๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค. ํŠนํžˆ ๅ„ช่‰ฏ็จฎ(์ผ๋ณธ ํ’ˆ์ข…)์˜ ๋ณด๊ธ‰์„ ์œ„ํ•ด ไฝœ็‰ฉ ๊ณผ๋ชฉ์˜ ๋น„์ค‘์„ ๋†’๊ฒŒ ์ฑ…์ •ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์ด ๋ชจ๋“  ๊ต์œก ๊ณผ์ •์€ ์™„์ „ํ•œ ๋†์‚ฌ ๊ณผ์ •์„ ๋ฐฐ์šฐ๋Š” ์‹ค์Šต์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ํ•™์ƒ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ้ซ”ๅŒ–๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค. ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๋†์—…ํ•™๊ต๊ฐ€ ๋ชจ๋ฒ”๋†์„ ๋ฐฐ์ถœํ•˜๋Š” ๋ณธ๋ž˜์˜ ๊ต์œก ๋ชฉํ‘œ๋ฅผ ์˜จ์ „ํžˆ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰ํ•˜๊ธฐ๋Š” ์–ด๋ ค์šด ๅฏฆๆƒ…์ด์—ˆ๋‹ค. ๋†์—…ํ•™๊ต ํ•™์ƒ๋“ค์€ ้“ๅ…ง์˜ ็ง€ๆ‰๋“ค๋กœ์„œ ์ค‘๋“ฑ ๋ณธ์œ„์˜ ๊ต์œก์„ ๋ฐ›๊ณ ์ž ํ–ˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ ๊ทธ ๋‚˜๋ฆ„์˜ ์‚ฌํšŒ์  ์‹ ๋ถ„ ์ƒ์Šน์„ ๋„๋ชจํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ด๋‹ค. ๋Œ€๋‹ค์ˆ˜์˜ ์กธ์—…์ƒ์€ ํ•ด๋งˆ๋‹ค ๊ด€๊ณต์ง์„ ๋น„๋กฏํ•ด์„œ ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ์ง์ข…์— ์ง„์ถœํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ๋Š”๋ฐ, ์ด๋Š” ๋†์—…์— ์ข…์‚ฌํ•˜๋Š” ์กธ์—…์ƒ์˜ 2๋ฐฐ ์ด์ƒ์— ๋‹ฌํ•˜๋Š” ์ˆ˜์ค€์ด์—ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด์™€ ๊ฐ™์€ ์กฐ์„ ์ธ ๋†์—…ํ•™๊ต ์กธ์—…์ƒ์˜ ์ทจ์—… ํ˜„ํ™ฉ์€ ์ผ๋ณธ ๋†์—…ํ•™๊ต ์กธ์—…์ž์™€ ๋น„๊ตํ•  ๋•Œ ํ™•์—ฐํ•œ ์ฐจ์ด๋ฅผ ๋“œ๋Ÿฌ๋‚ด๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ๋‹ค. ์ผ๋ณธ ๋†์—…ํ•™๊ต ์กธ์—…์ž๋“ค์˜ ์•ฝ 80%๋Š” ์กธ์—… ํ›„ ๊ณง๋ฐ”๋กœ ๅฏฆๆฅญ์— ์ข…์‚ฌํ–ˆ์ง€๋งŒ, ๊ด€์ฒญ ๋ด‰์ง์ž๋Š” ์†Œ์ˆ˜์— ๋ถˆ๊ณผํ–ˆ๋˜ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค. ์ด์™€ ๊ฐ™์€ ํ˜„์ƒ์ด ์ดˆ๋ž˜๋œ ์ด์œ ๋Š” ์กฐ์„ ์˜ ๊ต์œก์  ์—ฌ๊ฑด์ด ์ผ๋ณธ๊ณผ ํ˜„๊ฒฉํ•œ ์ฐจ์ด๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์—ˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ด๋‹ค. ์ผ๋ณธ์—์„œ๋Š” ์ดˆ๋“ฑ ๊ต์œก์„ ๋ฐ›์€ ํ•™์ƒ๋“ค์ด ์ง„ํ•™ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์ค‘๋“ฑ ๊ต์œก ๊ธฐ๊ด€์ด ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๊ตฌ๋น„๋˜์–ด ์žˆ๋˜ ๋ฐ˜๋ฉด์— ์กฐ์„ ์—์„œ๋Š” ์ผ๋ถ€ ์ง€์—ญ์„ ์ œ์™ธํ•˜๊ณ  ๋†์—…ํ•™๊ต๊ฐ€ ์ง€์—ญ ๋‚ด์—์„œ ๊ฑฐ์˜ ์œ ์ผํ•œ ์ค‘๋“ฑ ๊ต์œก ๊ธฐ๊ด€์ด์—ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด์— ๋†์—…ํ•™๊ต๋Š” ํ•ด๋‹น ์ง€์—ญ์— ํ•„์š”ํ•œ ์ธ๋ ฅ์„ ๊ณต๊ธ‰ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ธฐ๋Šฅ์„ ๋‹ด๋‹นํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋˜์—ˆ๋˜ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค. ์ผ์ œ์˜ ์ •์ฑ… ์ˆ˜ํ–‰์„ ๋ณด์กฐํ•  ์ธ๋ ฅ์ด ๋ถ€์กฑํ•œ ์ƒํ™ฉ์—์„œ ์กฐ์„ ์ธ ๋†์—…ํ•™๊ต ์กธ์—…์ž๋“ค์€ ๋ถ€์ฐจ์ ์ธ ่ทๅ‹™์ด์ง€๋งŒ ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ๋ฐฉ๋ฉด์œผ๋กœ ์ทจ์งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์—ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด์™€ ๋”๋ถˆ์–ด ๋†์—…ํ•™๊ต ์กธ์—…์ƒ๋“ค์ด ๋†์—…์— ์ข…์‚ฌํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์‚ฌํšŒ๊ฒฝ์ œ์  ์—ฌ๊ฑด์ด ๊ฐ–์ถ”์–ด์ง€์ง€ ์•Š์•˜๋˜ ๊ฒƒ๋„ ์ทจ์—…์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜์•„๊ฐ€๋Š” ์ปค๋‹ค๋ž€ ๋™์ธ์ด ๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค. ๋†์—…ํ•™๊ต ์กธ์—…์ƒ ์ค‘์—๋Š” ํ•™๊ต์—์„œ ์Šต๋“ํ•œ ๊ฐœ๋Ÿ‰ ๋†๋ฒ•์„ ์ ์šฉํ•ด์„œ ์ƒ์‚ฐ๋ ฅ์„ ์ฆ๋Œ€์‹œํ‚ค๊ณ  ์ง€์—ญ ์‚ฌํšŒ์— ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ผ์น˜๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ๊ฐ€ ์—†์ง€ ์•Š์•˜๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ํ† ์ง€ ์†Œ์œ  ๊ธฐ๋ฐ˜์ด ์ทจ์•ฝํ–ˆ๋˜ ๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„์˜ ํ•™์ƒ์€ ์กธ์—… ํ›„ ๋†์—… ๊ฒฝ์˜์„ ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๋ณด๋‹ค ่ทๆฅญ์„ ์–ป์–ด ๊ฐ€๊ณ„ ์ˆ˜์ž…์„ ๋Š˜๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์œ ๋ฆฌํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์ด์— ๋†์—…ํ•™๊ต์—์„œ๋Š” ์กธ์—…์ƒ์˜ ์ž๊ฐ€ ์˜๋†์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๊ทผ๋ณธ์ ์ด๊ณ  ์ ๊ทน์ ์ธ ์ฐจ์›์—์„œ ์ง€์›ํ•ด ์ฃผ์ง€ ๋ชปํ•˜๊ณ  ๋ฏธ์˜จ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์˜๋†์„ ๊ถŒ์œ ํ•˜๋Š” ์ •๋„์— ๊ทธ์น˜๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ๊ฐ€ ๋งŽ์•˜๋‹ค. ์ด๋Ÿฐ ๊ฐ€์šด๋ฐ ์กฐ์„ ์˜ ๋†์—…ํ•™๊ต๋Š” ๊ด€์ง์œผ๋กœ์˜ ๋“ฑ์šฉ๋ฌธ์œผ๋กœ ์ธ์‹๋˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ๋‹ค. 1910๋…„๋Œ€ ํ›„๋ฐ˜์„ ์ง€๋‚˜๋ฉด์„œ ์กธ์—…์ƒ๋“ค์ด ์‚ฌํšŒ์  ์ˆ˜์š”์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ๊ด€๊ณต์ง์œผ๋กœ ์ทจ์—…ํ•˜๋Š” ํ–‰๋ณด๋Š” ๋ง‰๊ธฐ ์–ด๋ ค์šด ์ƒํ•ญ์ด์—ˆ๊ณ , ๊ถŒ์—… ๋ฐฉ๋ฉด์œผ๋กœ ์ง„์ถœํ•œ ํ•™์ƒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด์„œ๋Š” ๋ณธ๋ž˜์˜ ๋†์—…ํ•™๊ต ์„ค๋ฆฝ ๋ชฉ์ ๊ณผ ๋‹ค์†Œ ์ฐจ์ด๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋”๋ผ๋„ ์กฐ์„ ์˜ ๋†์—… ๊ฐœ๋Ÿ‰์— ไธ€ๅŠฉํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ์ธ์ •ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ชจ์Šต๋„ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ๋‹ค. ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๋ถ„์œ„๊ธฐ ์†์—์„œ ์กฐ์„ ์˜ ๋†์—…ํ•™๊ต๋Š” ์ดํ›„๋กœ๋„ ๋ชจ๋ฒ” ๋†๋ฏผ ์–‘์„ฑ ๊ธฐ๊ด€์„ ํ‘œ๋ฐฉํ•˜๋ฉด์„œ ์‹ค์งˆ์ ์œผ๋กœ๋Š” ๊ด€๊ณต๋ฆฌ ๋“ฑ์˜ ์ง„์ถœ ํ†ต๋กœ๊ฐ€ ๋˜๋Š” ๋ณตํ•ฉ์ ์ธ ๋ฉด๋ชจ๋ฅผ ์ง€๋‹ˆ๊ฒŒ ๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด์ƒ์—์„œ ์ผ์ œ ๊ฐ•์  ์ดˆ ๋†์—…ํ•™๊ต์˜ ์„ค๋ฆฝ๏ฝฅ์šด์˜๊ณผ ์กธ์—…์ƒ์˜ ์ทจ์—… ์‹คํƒœ๋ฅผ ์ง„๋‹จํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๊ฐ•์  ํ›„ ๋†์—…ํ•™๊ต๋Š” ์ง€์ฃผ์ธต์„ ์ค‘์‹ฌ์œผ๋กœ ์ถ”์ง„๋˜๋˜ ์กฐ์„ ์ด๋…๋ถ€์˜ ๋†์—… ์ •์ฑ…์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ็ฏค่พฒๅฎถ๋ฅผ ์–‘์„ฑํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•œ ์‹ค์—… ๊ต์œก ๊ธฐ๊ด€์ด์—ˆ๋‹ค. ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๋†์—…ํ•™๊ต๋Š” ์‚ฌํšŒ์  ์ˆ˜์š”์— ๋ถ€ํ•ฉํ•˜๋ฉด์„œ ๋”์šฑ ํฌ๊ด„์ ์ธ ๊ธฐ๋Šฅ๊ณผ ์—ญํ• ์„ ๋‹ด๋‹นํ–ˆ๋˜ ์ค‘๋“ฑ ๊ต์œก ๊ธฐ๊ด€์˜ ํ•˜๋‚˜์ด๊ธฐ๋„ ํ–ˆ๋‹ค. ์กฐ์„ ์ธ ํ•™์ƒ๋“ค์€ ์ผ์ œํ•˜ ์ง€์ฃผ์ œ์˜ ํ˜„์‹ค ์†์—์„œ ๊ฐ์ž์˜ ์ฒ˜์ง€์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์‚ฌํšŒ๋กœ ์ง„์ถœํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์ด๋Š” ์ผ์ œ์˜ ๋†์—… ์ •์ฑ… ๋ฐ ๊ต์œก ์ •์ฑ…์ด ๊ธฐ์ธต ์กฐ์„  ์‚ฌํšŒ์™€ ์ถฉ๋Œํ•˜๋ฉด์„œ ๋นš์–ด์ง„ ํ˜„์ƒ์ด์—ˆ๋‹ค.This article discusses the agricultural policy of the Chosลn Chongdokpu (ๆœ้ฎฎ็ธฝ็ฃๅบœ, Government-General of Chosลn) by examining the establishment, educational goals and operation of Chosลn agricultural schools in the Early Japanese Colonial Period. In addition, the conditions of education conducted in Chosลn were analyzed through the status of agricultural schools and patterns of its graduate employment. Chosลn agricultural schools were first established by Tonggambu (็ตฑ็›ฃๅบœ, Japanese Residency-general) to train survey-assistants required in the Chosลn land survey project, but after the Japanese annexation of Chosลn in 1910, it was modified and became an elite-farmer (็ฏค่พฒๅฎถ) training institution. The foremost reason of the Japanese annexation of Chosลn was a need to find a solution for its domestic food shortage, and on this account, Japan exerted every effort to enhance agricultural production in Chosลn, including the promotion of new agricultural techniques. Elite-farmers trained in agricultural schools were expected to be a mediator between the government and general farmers, by being well-acquainted with Chosลn Chongdokpus agricultural improvement policy, and by encouraging and instructing other Chosลn farmers to apply new techniques. In this article, two characteristics of Chosลn agricultural schools were examined. First, it was based on a low-leveled (ไฝŽๅบฆ), simple (็ฐก๏ง ) education school system. Only the knowledge and skills directly related to the improvement policy, especially the usage of improved seeds (ๅ„ช่‰ฏ็จฎ), were included in the curriculum. In addition, the primary method of this education was practical training. Second, it was the highest secondary school in most of the Chosลn provinces, resulting from the fact that Chosลn Chongdokpu strictly controlled the installation of other secondary educational institutions, such as high common schools (้ซ˜็ญ‰ๆ™ฎ้€šๅญธๆ ก), or various teacher training institutions. The second factor led to mass employment of Chosลn agricultural school graduates in various low-level positions. Of all graduates, about 60% were employed and became minor government and public officials or teachers, whereas only about 25% became farmers. This was a phenomenon that differed very markedly from Japanese agricultural schools. 80% of the graduates from there became farmers. This pattern in graduate employment, conflicting with the schools educational purpose, was caused by two structural factors. The first factor is the poor educational environment of Chosลn. Because of it, the status of Chosลn agricultural schools was naturally elevated. The second factor is that agricultural school graduates were driven to escape the farmlands under the socio-economic structure of Chosลn agriculture, including the landlord system under Japanese occupation. Only graduates from families who were large-scaled landowners could benefit from new agricultural techniques. Others did not possess sufficient farmlands to succeed, thus the prospect of a fixed income was a huge incentive for employment. In conclusion, the pattern in Chosลn agricultural school graduate employment was a result of the contradiction between Chosลn Chongdokpus agricultural policy and the educational and socio-economic conditions of Chosลn in the early Japanese colonial period.ๅœ‹ๆ–‡ๆŠ„้Œ„ โ… . ๅบ ่จ€ โ…ก. ่พฒๆฅญๅญธๆ ก์˜ ่จญ็ซ‹็ถ“็ทฏ์™€ ๆ•Ž่‚ฒ็›ฎๆจ™ โ…ข. ่พฒๆฅญๅญธๆ ก์˜ ๅญธๅˆถ์™€ ๆ•Ž็ฟ’ๅฏฆๆƒ… โ…ฃ. ๅ’ๆฅญ็”Ÿ์˜ ๅฐฑๆฅญๅฏฆๆ…‹ โ…ค. ็ต ่ชž ๅƒ่€ƒๆ–‡็ป AbstractMaste

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