スポーツ競技者における体重調整の研究(昭和57年度中京大学大学院体育学研究科修士論文抄録)

The purpose of this study was to investigate a body weight control in athletes. The body composition (under water weighing), physical working capacity (sub-maximal and maximal endurance capacity, muscle strength and vertical jump) and blood constituents of seven female gymnasts (aged 18-21 years) and eight male weight lifters (aged 19-21 years) were measured before and after the diet. The diet period of gymnasts was 35 day, and that of weight lifters was 7 day. The diet program for weight reduction of gymnasts was conducted under the directions of a diet specialist. The averaged daily diet had 1 194 kcal with 54.7 g of protein, 28.5 g of fat and 173.9 g of carbohydrates. The body weight control of weight lifters was conducted to lose weight (n=3), to gain weight (n=2) and to keep weight steady (n=3). The diet program of weight lifters was without any directions of a diet specialist. Before the dieting energy intakes per day was 2238 kcal, 3201 kcal and 2132 kcal for weight-loss, weight-gain and weight-maintenance group, respectively. After the dieting energy intakes per day was 1283 kcal, 2840 kcal and 2004 kcal, respectively. Also protein intakes per day of weight lifters decreased significantly from 88.4±17.6 g to 52.0±23.9 g. After the dieting body weight of gymnasts decreased significantly from 52.11 kg to 48.35 kg, of which difference was composed of 2.99 kg of fat and 0.77 kg of LBM. The body weight of weight lifters decreased 0.31-0.47 kg, and body composition did not change. This results showed that two groups for weight-loss and weight-gain were not successful in weight control. The physical working capacity of gymasts and weight lifters did not show any significant reduction. Most of blood constituents of gymnasts were still in normal ranges in spite of significant changes. Mose of blood constituents of weight lifters did not show any changes. These data indicates that well-regulated diet has an important role in weight control program of female gymnasts, and the diet program of weight lifters illustrates that any guidances of a diet specialist is required for weight control program for athletes

運動中枢の解剖学的近接度と機能の相互干渉に関する研究(昭和57年度中京大学大学院体育学研究科修士論文抄録)

Functional localization of the motor cortex has been already noted, and voluntary movement is started by exciting the motor cortex. Natually, it is expected that each movement at two portions of the body is interfered strongly, if several motor centers which are near each other are excited simultaneously. The purpose of this study is to investingate the relationship between the anatomical distance of the motor cortex and the functional interference during voluntary movement in 10 right- and 12 left-handed students. The test required the subjects to tap by bilateral movements combinated index finger with middle finger in each hand and combinated each hand with each foot. In addition, single movement at eight parts in body was compared with paired movements as control experiment. The results were as follows : 1) Mean interval time of paired tapping movement is larger than that of single tapping movement. 2) Mean interval time of paired tapping movement in left-handedness is larger than in right-handedness. 3) The nearer the anatomical distance is, the stronger the functional interference of each movement at two portions of the body is. 4) The relationship between anatomical distance (X) in motor centers and functional interference (Y) was expressed as regression lines of ; Y = -0.211X + 27.333, r = -0.7109 (p < 0.001 ) in right-handedness and Y = -0.237X + 38.428, r = -0.8840 (p < 0.001 ) in left-handedness

1日の消費エネルギーの新算出法とその応用(昭和57年度中京大学大学院体育学研究科修士論文抄録)

The purpose of the present study is to develop a simple method for calculating the energy expenditure of a whole day. The subject were 15 children (7 boys and 8 girls) of elementary school, 22 physical education students (16 males and 6 females) and one housewife. Heart rates (HR) were recorded by means of a portable HR memory system for 24 hours. For obtaining the relationship between oxygen intake (VO_2) and HR, the bicycle ergometer test was performed. The relationship between VO_2 and HR under the condition of lower physical activities was obtained by posture change (supine, sitting and standing position) experiments. The HR histogram was obtained by analyzing the sequence record of HR of 24 hours. The total amount of oxygen intake was calculated from the results of HR histogram and the regression line of VO_2 -HR. The mean values of energy expenditure (Kcal/day) were 2, 263 and 2, 197 Kcal in boys and girls of elementary school, respectively. The mean values were 3, 259 and 1, 775 Kcal/day in male and female students, respectively. When the students perormed several hours exercise, the mean values increased to 4, 618 and 2, 652 Kcal/day in male and female students, respectively. The enrgy expenditure by VO_2 -HR method was comperd with the one by previous method (RMR). The regression line between them was ; Y=0.82X+13.15, r=0.79 (P < 0.01 )

3次元CADを中核とした設計教育のデザインステージへの拡張 : ラピッドプロトタイピングの実習

The Production Systems Engineering Department of Tokyo Metropolitan College of Industrial Technology, established in 1996 after separating from the Department of Engineering, aimed to cultivate mechanical engineers familiar with information by predicting that so-called technical information systems based on 3D CAD would be essential for future production. In accordance with this policy, facilities have been improved and 3D CAD in design and drawing practices has been continued from an early stage.At present, the use of 3D CAD data is being promoted among manufacturers who develop their own products. In particular, orientation toward the design process at the upstream of mechanical design is attracting attention. We devised the ""Practice for the study and evaluation of a model utilizing rapid prototyping technology"" as an education system to meet these requirements. This report introduces the contents of this education

都立産業技術高専の資源を活用した中小企業技術者教育

Among small and medium-sized companies, it is considered essential to activate the basic manufacturing industry supporting the advanced technologies of major companies (supporting industry). For this activation, reliance on skills is not enough; it is also necessary to develop unique technologies of high novelty based on the latest scientific knowledge by making effective use of existing technologies available to small and medium-sized companies. We consider that the key to this activation is the cultivation of new human resources.The Tokyo Metropolitan College of Industrial Technology (TMCIT) is located in the heart of the Keihin Industrial Area, where many small and medium-sized companies are integrated. By assuming future production based on digitization, the Production Systems Engineering Department of TMCIT adopted 3D CAD for design education from the beginning, and has been promoting an education system of digital production using these databases. With the consideration that the advanced facilities at TMCIT will contribute to local small and medium-sized companies, we have been cultivating new engineering talent for these companies since 2006. This report will introduce the content and effect of this education

持久的作業能に及ぼす姿勢変化の影響

The purpose of this study is to observe the effect of body position on circulatory responses and muscular endurance work capacity. Thirty four subjects participated in the study. Body position used to this study were three kinds. Horizontal-supine position(S), Head-down position(D), Head-up position(U). Each subject performed hand grip exercise in three different body positions. Forearm and lower leg blood flow was measured by using mercury-in-rubber strain gauge method. Blood sample were obtained from cubital vein and brachial artery in selected ten subjects. The results were summarized as follows : 1) The significant difference of resting blood flow was observed among three body positions. 2) In work of one-third work load of maximal hand grip strength, significant difference of performance was not observed among three body positions, but in 1/6 max. work, significant difference was observed between Head-up position and other two body positions. 3) As to the peak blood flow, difference between Head-up position and other two body positions was statistically significant. 4) Blood lactate and arterial-venous oxygen difference of immediately after exercise showed highest value in Head-up position. 5) Circulatory responses with body position change (hydrostatic effect, nervous regulation, etc.) seem to have influence on endurance work capacity. The longer the work time become, the more remarkable the effect of body position seem to be remarkable