The Role of The National People’s Congress in Government Bailout :From the Perspective of Government Bailout in Financial Market

2015年6月中下旬发生的股市暴跌，触发了我国又一轮轰轰烈烈的“救市”行动。无论经济学家们多么强烈的反对政府救市，但纵观世界金融史，没有任何一国政府在面临危机时任由市场自行调节的。因此，讨论如何能让救市行动在程序上合法、在实体上有效更具有现实意义。全国人大作为我国最高权力机关，拥有绝对的立法权、决定权和监督权，本应在政府救市的过程中发挥一些积极的作用，但现实情况并非如此，因而有必要对此进行研究。 本文第一章通过梳理我国政府救市行动，总结出全国人大在政府救市的决策、监督、评估与问责三个环节的缺位现状。第二章对国外政府救市行动进行考察，发现在这个过程中议会能对其进行立法控制和执行监督，并且会对救...In mid-June 2015, the stock market crash triggered vigorous government bailout. No matter how strongly the economists are opposed, no government abandons the bailout in the face of crisis. Therefore, discussing how to make the government bailout lawful and effective has practical significance. As the supreme authority, the National People’s Congress with the supreme power of legislation, decision ...学位：法学硕士院系专业：法学院_法律硕士学号：1302014115027

圆组填充算法驱动的平面马赛克模拟

为了生成不规则嵌片排列紧凑的马赛克图案,提出一种基于圆组排列的平面马赛克模拟方法.首先借助嵌片多边形的直骨架得到一组逼近嵌片轮廓的圆;然后以圆半径的平方为权值,在平面上生成关于圆组的Power图,使每组圆各自对应一个Power区域;最后采用松弛法,将圆组在其对应Power区域内尽可能增长到最大.通过不断迭代生成Power图和放大圆组,最后得到嵌片紧凑排列的结果.实验结果表明,该方法得到的马赛克图案有较高的覆盖率,能适应不同嵌片,具有较强的鲁棒性和灵活性.国家自然科学基金(61472332);;福建省自然科学基金(2018J01104);;中央高校基本科研业务费专项基金(20720150002

Studies on male sterility of Brassica crops in terms of developmental biology

针对雄性不育性发生的发育生物学问题，从雄性不育发生的发育阶段调控和环境调控角度综述了芸薹属植物雄性不育发生的细胞学、生理生化以及分子生物学的研究进展，提出从DNA水平和基因表达水平以及应用细胞内信号传导模型探索雄性不育发生的分子机理的思路，并对其在分子育种中的应用作了展望。Concerning the terms of developmental biology of male sterility, the present reviewdescribed the major achievements in the study of developmental mechanism of Brassica crop malesterility involved in developmental stage regulation and environmental regulation. The authorseyaluated the molecular biological mechanism in DNA level, transcriptional level and signal trans-duction model, as well as their applications in molecular breeding.国家自然科学基金;;中国博士后科学基

Computational Simulations of Zinc Enzyme:Challenges and Recent Advances

锌酶在人体中分布非常广泛,种类繁多,是当前最受关注的金属酶之一。由于在锌配位结构上的多样性以及zn2+饱和的d轨道带来的“光谱寂静“性,导致许多实验研究手段受限。计算模拟在锌酶的研究中发挥着越来越重要的作用,已经成为不可或缺的研究工具。现代量子化学计算模拟方法,特别是被视为研究生物大分子体系非常有效的QM/MM组合方法,目前已经被广泛应用于探讨复杂多变的锌配位结构以及锌酶催化反应机理。通过在QM/MM水平下开展的分子动力学模拟,可以揭示锌酶体系中结构与功能间的相互关系。此外,分子力场方法在锌酶研究中同样发挥了不可替代的作用,由于传统力场普遍无法正确描述锌配位结构,因此,锌酶分子力场的开发具有迫切的现实意义。本文总结了近年来锌酶计算模拟领域的最新进展,提出了锌酶计算研究中还有待解决的一些问题。Zinc enzymes play a variety of essential biological roles,and their functions and/or structural organizations are critically dependent on the zinc binding site.However,the zinc coordination shell is so complicated that an accurate and powerful theoretical simulation protocol is highly required in calculation.Herein,we review the recent studies of the selected zinc enzymes by the state-of-the-art combined quantum mechanism/molecular mechanism molecular dynamics(QM/MM MD) simulations in probing the reaction mechanism and revealing the relationship of structure and function.Meanwhile,the accuracy of all the current available pairwise force fields to describe zinc coordination structure is very poor,so the recent development of force fields for zinc enzyme is also presented.By the end of this review,some prospects and suggestions are given for further exploration of zinc enzyme.国家重点基础研究发展计划(973)项目(No.2011CB808504;2012CB214902);国家自然科学基金项目(No.2133007;20873105)资

纳米孔道动电效应能量转换系统的前沿研究进展

可再生清洁能源的开发和利用对人类社会的可持续发展具有重要意义。基于动电效应的纳米孔道能量转换系统将流体机械能转化为电能,有望应用于微型电源部件、自驱动纳米机器、微机电体系等领域,为清洁能源发电系统的开发提供了全新的选择。纳米孔道中的机械能-电能转换过程涉及固体孔道与流体界面间的相互作用,合理设计孔道界面的微观结构,对其进行化学修饰及探讨界面间的相互作用,是提高能量转换效率和输出功率的关键。近年来,随着纳米技术的迅猛发展及人们对界面物理化学的深入研究,纳米孔道结构和纳流体发电体系能被更精准地设计和集成。本文主要介绍了基于动电效应的纳米孔道能量转换系统的基本概念,重点关注了纳米孔道中动电效应的最新研究进展,并对该领域进行了展望,为纳米孔道动电效应能量转换系统、纳米发电机、自驱动纳米机器、可穿戴器件等领域的进一步发展和应用提供参考。国家自然科学基金(21673197,11405143);;福建省自然科学基金计划资助项目(2018J06003);;高等学校学科创新引智计划(B16029)的支持;;中央高校基本科研专项资金(20720170050)资助~

Recycle Economy Evaluation Based on LCA in Remanufacture Projects and Industry

文章对利用生命周期评价的基本方法,对废旧电机再制造项目进行循环经济特性评估的方法进行了初探。废旧电机再制造,实际上是一个充分保留废旧电机中的附加值,使其进入下一步循环的过程。利用生命周期评价从“起点到终点“的思想,以及其评判的基本方法,可以评判出废旧电机再制造项目的不同技术工艺的循环经济特性的优劣以及相对于其它回收方法的优势,以解决常规的循环经济指标体系在应用至废旧电机再制造行业时所遇到的问题。This study preliminary analyzes the basic methods of the life cycle assessment(LCA),and the evaluation methods of the circular economy characters in the waste motor remanufacture projects.The waste motor remanufacture can actually retain the added value of the waste motor,which could be used in the next cycle process.LCA,basing on "from origin to destination" and its basic evaluation method,could be used to evaluate the advantages and disadvantages of the recycle economy characters on different technique in waste motor remanufacturing projects.We can also conclude its advantages by comparing to other recycling methods,and resolve some problems when we use circular economy indexes system in the waste motor remanufacture.国家自然科学基金(40671116);福建省自然科学基金重点项目(D0720002);教育部新世纪优秀人才支持计划项目;福建省高校新世纪优秀人才支持计划项

Preliminary study on feeding habits and trophic niche of nine economic fish species in Beibu Gulf in summer

应用Shannon-Wiener指数、Levins指数和均匀度指数,分析了北部湾2012年7月9种个体数量占优势的经济鱼类的食物组成和食性类型,并对其营养生态位进行了初步研究。研究表明,这9种经济鱼类可划分为3种食性类型:日本发光鲷Acropoma japonicum、日本竹筴鱼Trachurus japonicus、蓝圆鲹Decapterus maruadsi和六指多指马鲅Polydactylus sextarius为浮游生物食性,主要以桡足类为食;二长棘犁齿鲷Evynnis cardinalis、日本鲱鲤Upeneus japonicus和刺鲳Psenopsis anomala为底栖生物食性,主要以长尾类为食;多齿蛇鲻Saurida tumbil和白姑鱼Pennahia argentata为游泳动物食性,以鱼类饵料占较大优势。9种鱼中,白姑鱼的营养生态位宽度值最高,多齿蛇鲻的营养生态位宽度值最低。夏季北部湾这9种经济鱼类的营养生态位宽度与其摄食习性和饵料基础密切相关。In this study, based on fish samples collected in Beibu Gulf in July 2012, diet composition, feeding habits and trophic niche breadth of nine economic fish species were analyzed using the Shannon-Wiener index, Levins index and evenness index. Results showed that nine economic fish species could be classified into three types according to feeding habits, referred to as plankton predators(including Acropoma japonicum, Trachurus japonicus, Decapterus maruadsi, and Polydactylus sextarius), benthic predators(including Evynnis cardinalis, Upeneus japonicus and Psenopsis anomala) and nekton predators(Saurida tumbil and Pennahia argentata). Trophic niche breadth of Pennahia argentata was the highest(Shannon-Wiener index=0.938 and Levins index=2.238), while trophic niche breadth of Saurida tumbil was the lowest(Shannon-Wiener index=0 and Levins index=1). The trophic niche breadth of the nine economic fish species in summer in Beibu Gulf was strongly influenced by feeding habits and feeding foundation of surrounding environments.国家海洋公益项目(201005012)~

Analysis of genetic polymorphisms in vegetable crops of Brassica campestris by RAPD markers

采用随机引物扩增多态性 DNA( RAPD)技术 ,对芸薹类 ( 2 n=2 0 )蔬菜作物的 3 3个品种进行了遗传多样性检测 .从 70个引物中筛选出 3 7个引物 ,共扩增出 3 53带 .其中 ,多态带有 2 60条 ,扩增片段长度大多数集中在 0 .9～ 1 .6kb之间 .不同引物的检测效率相差很大 .运用 5个引物扩增的 1 0条RAPD特征带 ,可以作为一组 DNA指纹 ,区分所有供试 7个大白菜品种WT5”BZ]The genetic polymorphisms in vegetable crops of Brassica campestris was investigated using random amplified polymorphic DNA markers(RAPDs), the detected materials included thirty three cultivars. Thirty seven primers selected from seventy primers amplified 353 RAPD fragments and 260 bands of them showed polymorphisms. The length of most amplified fragments ranged from 0.9 to 1.6 kb. Different primers exhibited different detective efficiency. There were ten RAPD characteristic markers , which were detected as a group of DNA fingerprints to identify all the seven cultivars of heading type Chinese cabbage. [WT5”HZ]浙江省自然科学基金!(395 0 6 4

The assemblage and abundance distribution of jellyfish in northern Beibu Gulf

根据“908“专项北部湾2006—2007年四个季节的调查数据,分析了北部湾北部(20°n以北海域)水母类的种类组成、数量分布、优势种和群集结构特征及其环境影响因子。该区共记录水母类4类125种,分别为水螅水母类99种、管水母类17种、钵水母类4种和栉水母5种;以沿岸暖水种为主,占本区水母总种数的61.6%,其次是大洋暖水种,占37.6%,沿岸暖温种仅占0.8%。种数季节变化呈单峰型,夏季83种,冬季56种,秋季和春季各49种,四季均以水螅水母类为主。周年丰度变化呈单峰型,夏季(943.0个/M3)>春季(572.4个/M3)>冬季(548.2个/M3)>秋季(427.6个/M3)。拟细浅室水母、双生水母、球型侧腕水母、四叶小舌水母、半口壮丽水母、两手筐水母、异摇篮水母、双小水母、单囊美螅水母、疣真囊水母、半球美螅水母、六幅和平水母、八囊摇篮水母、刺胞真囊水母、黑球真唇水母、端粗范式水母和细颈和平水母共17种全年出现,为四季种;其中,前7种为四季优势种,优势度(y)分别为0.25、0.19、0.09、0.08、0.05、0.03和0.03,各季节的优势种演替模式不尽相同。依据水母种类和数量分布情况,北部湾北部水母类可划分2个群集:栖息在受沿岸流影响的20 M以浅的低盐群集,代表种有拟细浅室水母和双生水母等;栖息在受外海水影响的20 M以深的高盐群集,代表种有四叶小舌水母、半口壮丽水母和两手筐水母等。海流与水团的消长是影响水母类群集结构和水平分布格局的重要影响因素。The assemblage structure and abundance distribution of jellyfish were studied based on the samples of Beibu Gulf during 4 seasons in 2006—2007.The environmental factors that probably affected the number of species,abundance and assemblage structure were analyzed.The study showed that a total of 125 jellyfish species were identified,which belongs to4 assembleges,they were Hydromedusae,Siphonophora,Scyphomedusae and Ctenophore.Hydromedusae was the dominant assemblege,accounted for 79.2% of the total species.The species number of jellyfish varied seasonally,there was 83 in summer,which was the highest among 4 seasons,followed by winter,autumn and spring,the species number were 56,49 and 49.The 20 meters deep of water could be considered as the boundary according to the horizontal distribution of jellyfish species,the species number of the above was more than the under.There were three ecological groups of the jellyfish,the neritic warm-water group such as Lensia subtiloides,Diphyes chamissonis and Pleurobrachia globosa was the dominant group,accounted for 61.6% of total species, followed by the high-temperature oceanic group, occupied 37.6%, Liriope tetraphylla,Aglaura hemistoma and Solmundella bitentaculata were belonged to this group,and there was only one neritic low-temperature specie identified,that was Ocyropsis crystallina.The abundance of jellyfish varied seasonally,was highestin summer,followed by spring,winter and autumn.The abundance in the northwest of the studied area was higher,and the northern of Weizhou Island was lower,basiclly less than 10.0 ind / m3.There were 17 seasonal species which appeared the whole year,7 of them were dominant species,Lensia subtiloides,Diphyes chamissonis,Pleurobrachia globosa and Liriope tetraphylla were the most important.Lensia subtiloides got the largest abundance in summer,made contributions to 40.4%of the sum.Diphyes chamissonis' abundance was large in spring and winter,occounted for 36.3% and 32.6% of the sum in each season.The abundance of Liriope tetraphylla in autumn occupied 36.7% of the sum,was far more than the other three seasons.Pleurobrachia globosa' abundance in 4 seasons changed not much compared to the 3 mentioned species,was largest in summer,occupied 12.2% of the sum.The assemblage of jellyfish in northern Beibu Gulf was analyzed based on the effect of 10 factors,they were deeper( D,m),surface temperature( Ts,℃),middle temperature( Tm,℃),bottom temperature( Tb,℃),surface salinity( Ss),middle salinity( Sm),bottom salinity( Sb),surface chlorophll a( Chas,mg / m3),middle chlorophll a( Cham,mg/m3) and bottom chlorophll a( Chab,mg/m3).Though the results showed details difference in 4 seasons,it could be divided into two groups,the low-salinity group( lower than 20 m) and highsalinity group( deeper than 20 m) formed northern Beibu Gulf jellyfish assemblage structure.The low-salinity group was mainly affected by the coastal current from Guangxi to Vietnam,this group had two types depended on temperature,they were the neritic low-temperature type and the neritic warm-water type.The high-salinity group was mainly affected by the seawater.The environmental factors varied during four seasons.Currents and water masses were the main factors on jellyfish assemblage and abundance distribution.我国近海海洋综合调查与评价专项(908-01-ST09); 海洋公益项目“东南沿海半封闭海湾生态系统对人类活动干扰的响应评价、生态重构技术及示范”(201005012); 国家自然科学基金(41006078

Inter-regional biological invasion in China:Present status and countermeasures

区域间生物入侵是指国家内部不同区域间物种入侵所引发的危害。由于我国生态系统错综多样,国内人员、物品流动频繁且不易监控,因此区域间生物入侵危害已经十分严峻。本文主要以我国以及国外已有的区域间生物入侵事件为例,分析其主要的入侵途径、危害与防治措施。区域间生物入侵主要通过引种、运输、人为干扰等途径,可以造成土著种灭绝、基因污染、生物多样性降低等危害。全球气候变化、南水北调等大型工程建设以及海峡两岸交流等领域是今后我国区域间生物入侵研究的主要方向。Inter-regional biological invasion is a new concept,which is defined as the invasion of alien species from one region to another region within a country.Because of the intensive personnel-and goods flow and its difficulty to control,the inter-regional biological invasion is now very serious in China.Based on the cases of the inter-regional biological invasion at home and abroad,this paper analyzed the main pathways of the invasion and its dangers,and put forward some countermeasures.Alien species introduction,transportation,and anthropogenic disturbances are the main pathways of the inter-regional biological invasion,which can cause the native species extinction,genetic contamination,and biodiversity decrease,etc.Some future research directions on the inter-regional biological invasion in China,including climate change,South-to-North Water Diversion Project,and Cross-Straits exchanges,were proposed.国家自然科学基金项目(40671116);福建省自然科学基金重点项目(D0720002);教育部新世纪优秀人才支持计划;福建省高校新世纪优秀人才支持计划资助项