Beauty, Symmetry, and Magnetocaloric Effect-Four-Shell Keplerates with 104 Lanthanide Atoms

通讯作者地址: Kong, XJThe hydrolysis of Ln(ClO4)(3) in the presence of acetate leads to the assembly of the three largest known lanthanide-exclusive cluster complexes, [Nd-104(ClO4)(6)(CH3COO)(60)(mu(3)-OH)(168)(mu(4)-O)(30)(H2O)(112)].(ClO4)(18).(CH3CH2OH)(8).xH(2)O (1, x approximate to 158) and [Ln(104)(ClO4)(6)(CH3COO)(56)(mu(3)-OH)(168)(mu(4)-O)(30)(H2O)(112)].(ClO4)(22).(CH3CH2OH)(2).xH(2)O (2, Ln = Nd; 3, Ln = Gd; x approximate to 140). The structure of the common 104-lanthanide core, abbreviated as Ln(8)@Ln(48)@Ln(24)@Ln(24), features a four-shell arrangement of the metal atoms contained in an innermost cube (a Platonic solid) and, moving outward, three Archimedean solids: a truncated cuboctahedron, a truncated octahedron, and a rhombicuboctahedron. The magnetic entropy change of Delta Sm = 46.9 J kg(-1) K-1 at 2 K for Delta H = 7 T in the case of the Gd-104 cluster is the largest among previously known lanthanide-exclusive cluster compounds.973 Project from the Ministry of Science and Technology of China 2012CB821704 2014CB845601 National Natural Science Foundation of China 21422106 21371144 21431005 21390391 Foundation for the Author of National Excellent Doctoral Dissertation of China 201219 U.S. NSF APVV-0132-11 3001690 Czech Research Infrastructures LM201102

Preparation and Identification of Micro-vesicles from Endothelial Membrane of Blood Brain Barrier of Sows

选二花脸母猪和长白母猪各 5头 ,取大脑皮质 ,制备微血管 ,分离内皮细胞微囊 ,应用倒置显微镜和透射电镜观察微囊的完整性 ;通过测定γ-谷氨酰转肽酶、5′-核苷酸酶、乙酰胆碱酯酶、乳酸脱氢酶、碱性磷酸酶等标志酶活性 ,鉴定微囊的纯度和生物学活性。结果表明 ,用该方法分离得到的大脑皮质内皮细胞微囊的完整性较好 ,纯度较高 ,生物学活性好 ,适合于对血脑屏障的转运研究The micro-vesicles were isolated and purified from the endothelial membrane of micro-vessels on cerebral cortex of 5 for each Erhualian and large white sows. The integrity of the vesicles was evaluated by inverted microscopy and electron microscopy. The purity and biological activity were determined by the activities of such enzymes as g-glutamy transpeptidase (g-GTase), 5′-nucleotidase (NTDase), acetylcholinesterase(ACSase), lactate dehydrogenase(LDHase) and alkaline phosphatase (AKPase). The results indicated that thd endothelial membrane vesicles isolated by the above-mentioned method is of high purity and biological activity and may be used to evaluate the transport via blood-brain barrier.国家自然科学基金资助项目 ( 3 9870 5 77

山西省2015年细颗粒物的污染状况和空间分布

大气污染因其对人体健康、生态环境和气候变化的影响而成为全球关注的环境问题,细颗粒物(PM_(2.5))是雾霾产生的主要原因之一。为全面掌握山西省细颗粒物的污染状况与空间分布格局,本文运用统计学方法和Arc GIS技术,根据环境空气质量评价技术规范,对2015年山西省57个空气质量指数监测站提供的PM_(2.5)实时数据进行处理分析。结果表明:山西省PM_(2.5)的浓度有明显的季节性变化特征,由高到低依次为冬、春、秋、夏;PM_(2.5)月平均浓度最高值分别出现在1月和12月,且高值中心都位于运城;在空间分布上则表现为南部高于北部。全省11个地市级城市有9个超过国家二级标准,超标指数达到72%。聚类分析结果表明:山西省城市可以分为两大类,一类为产业结构转型良好的城市,如阳泉、朔州、吕梁、大同;另一类为第二产业发展粗放,工业污染严重的区域。</p

夏季珠江三角洲地区PM_(2.5)化学组分特征及其对大气能见度的影响

于2010年夏季在珠三角主要城市广州、佛山、东莞、深圳、珠海以及广州郊区从化同步采集PM_(2.5)样品,利用热光反射碳分析仪和离子色谱分别分析样品中有机碳/元素碳和水溶性离子浓度,并同步收集能见度和气象数据.在此基础上对珠三角主要城市大气PM_(2.5)中主要化学成分的浓度水平和空间分布特征进行分析,并利用IMPROVE方程重建大气消光系数,探讨PM_(2.5)的主要化学组分对大气能见度的影响.结果发现,观测期间珠三角地区PM_(2.5)中的主要化学成分空间分布特征明显,广州、佛山和东莞浓度较高,珠海和深圳浓度较低.(NH_4)_2 SO_4、有机物(OM) 、EC和NH_4NO_3对夏季珠三角大气消光系数贡献率分别为39%、31%、12%和13%.</p

中国西部背景地区PM_(2.5)化学组分特征及其对大气散射系数的影响

于2009年春、夏和秋季在全球大气本底基准监测站青海瓦里关同步观测了PM_(2.5)中主要化学成分和大气散射系数(b_(sp)).结果显示,观测期间瓦里关PM_(2.5)浓度年均值为(12.6&plusmn;12.0)&mu;g&middot;m~(-3),显著低于国家年均值标准.总水溶性无机离子和碳气溶胶浓度分别为(1.7&plusmn;1.6) &mu;g&middot;m~(-3)和(3.2&plusmn;1.0) &mu;g&middot;m~(-3),分别占PM_(2.5)浓度的16.5%和25.4%.基于IMPROVE经验公式,瓦里关b_(sp)最主要的贡献因子是有机物(OM)和土壤尘(FS),贡献率分别达到48%和28%,其它组分对b_(sp)的贡献率均小于10%.</p

西安冬季不同空气质量级别对应的PM_(2.5)化学组分变化特征

通过实验采样分析,研究了西安市冬季不同空气质量级别(HJ 633&mdash;2012)下PM_(2.5)质量浓度及化学组分的变化特征和污染规律。结果表明,西安市2008&mdash;2009年冬季所有采样天均为轻度污染到严重污染状况,PM_(2.5)质量浓度100%未达标(GB 3095&mdash;2012);PM_(2.5)质量浓度及其化学组分基本随空气质量级别恶化而增加,除个别元素外,其他化学组分的质量浓度在严重污染时均出现突增,有机碳(4.5倍)和水溶性无机离子(2.7倍)的增加倍数较大;随大气污染程度的增加,人为源的重金属富集因子增加剧烈(1.6~2.0倍),而主要来自自然源的元素富集因子变化无规律;重污染时期PM_(2.5)中的多环芳烃(PAHs)、正构烷烃(nalkanes)均主要来自人为源排放贡献,其中生物质燃烧、低温燃煤排放是PAHs剧增的主要因素。</p

急性穿支动脉脑梗死患者早期神经功能恶化列线图的建立与验证 Establishment and Verification of Nomogram of Early Neurological Deterioration in Patients with Acute Penetrating Artery Infarction

目的 探讨急性穿支动脉脑梗死（penetrating artery infarction，PAI）患者早期神经功能恶化（early neurological deterioration，END）的危险因素、建立列线图模型并对其进行评价。 方法 回顾性纳入2021年1月—2023年2月濮阳市人民医院急性外侧豆纹动脉及脑桥旁正中动脉脑梗死患者，入院后5 d内NIHSS评分增加≥2分的患者纳入急性脑梗死后END组；入院后5 d内NIHSS评分增加＜2分的患者纳入非END组。按7∶3的比例将数据集随机划分为训练集和测试集，测试集用来评估模型性能。在训练集中，用R（4.2.3）软件行单因素分析，对于P＜0.10的变量采用最小绝对收缩和选择运算（least absolute shrinkage and selection operator，LASSO）回归、logistic回归分析筛选出PAI患者发生END的独立危险因素，最后构建列线图预测模型。分别对训练集和测试集采用ROC曲线及其AUC评估模型的区分度，采用决策曲线分析（decision curve analysis，DCA）评估模型的临床实用性，采用校准图评估模型准确度。 结果 共纳入400例急性外侧豆纹动脉或脑桥旁正中动脉脑梗死患者，其中男性261例（65.25%），年龄64（56～70）岁；END组135例（33.75%），非END组265例（66.25%）。训练集中急性PAI患者 280例，94例（33.57%）发生END；测试集120例，41例（34.17%）发生END。训练集中11个变量 （P＜0.10）进入LASSO回归，筛选出5个变量：入院时舒张压、糖尿病病史、吸烟史、中性粒细胞与淋巴细胞比值、梗死灶最大直径。多因素logistic回归分析显示，中性粒细胞与淋巴细胞比值（OR 40.85，95%CI 13.34～196.43，P＜0.01）、糖尿病病史（OR 24.10，95%CI 6.92～106.30，P＜0.01）、吸烟史（OR 6.16，95%CI 1.54～28.39，P=0.01）、梗死灶最大直径（OR 4.93，95%CI 1.35～19.82，P=0.02）是PAI患者发生END的独立危险因素，纳入列线图。采用Bootstrap法进行内部验证，分别绘制训练集及测试集的ROC曲线、校准曲线、DCA曲线。训练集和测试集ROC的AUC分别为0.88、0.87；校准图预测值与实际值一致性较好、DCA曲线显示预测模型临床实用性较高。 结论 中性粒细胞与淋巴细胞比值、吸烟史、糖尿病病史、梗死灶最大直径是急性PAI患者发生END的独立危险因素，列线图预测模型具有一定的临床实用价值。 Abstract: Objective To investigate the risk factors for early neurological deterioration (END) in patients with acute penetrating artery infarction (PAI) and to develop and evaluate a nomogram model. Methods Patients with acute cerebral infarction of lateral lenticulostriate artery and paramedian pontine artery in Puyang people’s hospital from January 2021 to February 2023 were retrospectively included. Patients with NIHSS score increased by≥2 points within 5 days after admission were included in the END group. Patients with NIHSS score increased by≤2 points within 5 days after admission were included in the non-END group. The data set was randomly divided into a training set and a test set according to the ratio of 7∶3, and the test set was used to evaluate the model performance. In the training set, univariate analysis was performed with R software, and for variables with P<0.10, least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression and logistic regression analysis were used to screen out the independent risk factors for the occurrence of END in PAI patients, and finally a nomogram prediction model was constructed. The ROC curve and AUC were used to evaluate the discrimination of the model for the training set and the test set, respectively. Decision curve analysis (DCA) was used to evaluate the clinical utility of the model, and calibration chart was used to evaluate the accuracy of the model. Results A total of 400 patients with acute cerebral infarction of lateral lenticulostriate artery and paramedian pontine artery were included, including 261 males (65.25%). The median age was 64 (56-70) years. There were 135 cases (33.75%) in the END group and 265 cases (66.25%) in the non-end group. Of 280 acute PAI patients in the training set, 94 cases (33.57%) had END. Of 120 patients in the test set, 41 cases (34.17%) had END. In the training set, 11 variables (P<0.10) were entered into LASSO regression and 5 variables were screened out: diastolic blood pressure at admission, history of diabetes, history of smoking, neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR), maximum diameter. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that NLR (OR 40.85, 95%CI 13.34-196.43, P<0.01), history of diabetes (OR 24.10, 95%CI 6.92-106.30, P<0.01), history of smoking (OR 6.16, 95%CI 1.54-28.39, P=0.01) and maximum diameter (OR 4.93, 95%CI 1.35-19.82, P=0.02) are independent risk factors for the occurrence of END in acute PAI patients, and they are included in the nomogram. Bootstrap method was used for internal verification, and ROC curve, calibration curve and DCA curve of training set and test set were drawn respectively. The AUC of ROC of the training set and the test set were 0.88 and 0.87, respectively. The predicted value of calibration chart is in good agreement with the actual value, and the DCA curve shows that the prediction model has high clinical practicability. Conclusions NLR, history of smoking, history of diabetes and maximum diameter are independent risk factors for the occurrence of END in acute PAI patients, and the nomogram prediction model has certain clinical practical value

中国北部湾地区夏季大气碳气溶胶的空间分布特征

于2009年8月在北部湾地区的南宁、钦州、防城港、北海、湛江、茂名、海口、洋浦、东方等9个城市的城区和郊区同步采集PM_(2.5)样品,采用热光反射碳分析仪分析得到有机碳(organic carbon, OC)、元素碳(elemental carbon, EC)的质量浓度,对OC、EC浓度水平、空间分布及其可能的来源进行分析. 结果表明,观测期间北部湾9个城市PM2.5、OC和EC的浓度均值分别为(38.4&plusmn;17.7)、(9.2&plusmn;2.6)和(1.9&plusmn;1.1) &mu;g&middot;m~(-3),总碳气溶胶(total carbonaceous aerosol, TCA)占PM_(2.5)质量的56.8%. 北部湾地区夏季OC主要来源于生物质燃烧和二次生成的有机碳(secondary organic carbon, SOC),EC主要来源于机动车和工业排放.</p

春节期间西安城区碳气溶胶污染特征研究

采用美国R&amp;P公司TEOM-1400a大气颗粒物监测仪器及其8通道采样系统(ACCU),在2011年春节期间实时监测和分8个时段采集了西安城区的PM_(2.5)样品.研究了春节期间西安城区大气中PM_(2.5)的碳气溶胶污染特征.目的是阐明2011年春节期间燃放烟花爆竹时,西安城区大气中细颗粒PM_(2.5)的质量浓度、元素碳(EC)、有机碳(OC)及水溶性有机碳(WSOC)的浓度分布特征,探讨了其污染来源.结果表明,除夕00:00~02:59为污染浓度最大时段,PM_(2.5)30 min平均浓度在01:00时刻达到最大值1514.8 &mu;g?m~(-3),其碳组分OC、EC、WSOC、非水溶性有机碳(WIOC)分别为123.3、18.6、66.7和56.6 &mu;g?m~(-3),高于春节期间的其他正常时段1.7倍、1.2倍、1.4倍和2.2倍.碳气溶胶组分WSOC与OC、EC相关性分析表明春节烟火期间含碳物质更多的来自于烟花爆竹燃放,但其对烟火时段的气溶胶的贡献较小,仅为9.4%.</p