大学生女子のむちゃ食い行動中の気分の認知の変化

Changes in cognitions about the mood; before,during,and after binge eating were investigated. First, a pilot study was conducted with female university students (N=153) and a questionnaire was developed that consisted of items measuring binge eating disorder (BED) tendencies, eating behavior addiction, and changes in cognition about the mood; before,during, and after eating in relation to three factors: depression/fatigue,self-contempt/anxiety, and restlessness. In the main study, female university students(N=205) that were first divided into three groups:control group, pre-BED tendency group, and BED tendency group responded to this questionnaire. Results indicated the following:(1) The pre-BED and BED tendency groups had higher eating addiction scores compared to the control group;(2) The pre-BED and BED tendency groups had higher cognition of mood scores for all factors before, during, and after eating;(3) Depression/fatigue decreased after compared to befor eating in the control and pre-BED tendency groups, whereas this was not the case in the BED tendency group;(4)Self-contempt/anxiety increased after eating in the pre-BED and BED tendency groups

〔研究ノート〕 家庭的保育事業における個別ケアを要する 乳幼児及び障害児に関する調査研究

This study aims to reveal the current circumstances in provision of care for children with disabilities or with health problems(referred to as "children with special needs")in family day care services. A questionnaire survey was conducted in 121 cities that provide family day care services. Result showed that about 37% of cities accepted or got requests to accept children with special needs. Issues such as the caregivers\u27 unsuitable home environments, lack of extra payment for caregivers, and lack of skills among caregivers are factors that might prevent cities from accepting children with special needs into family day care services. On the other hand, stable environment and small group setting could make these services suitable for children with special needs, as well

ビリン還元酵素PcyAと基質ビリベルジン複合体の中性子結晶構造解析で見えてきたもの

Phycocyanobilin:ferredoxin oxidoreductase (PcyA) catalyzes the conversion of　biliverdin (BV) to phycocyanobilin, a light harvesting pigment. To visualize the hydrogens (and protons) in　this unique enzyme, we conducted neutron crystallography of the PcyA-BV complex. In　the enzyme, BV bound to PcyA was in equilibrium between the neutral (BV) and the　protonated (BVH+) forms. Both of the structures including the hydrogen atoms could be　determined. The protonation of the nearby essential residue Asp105 was complemented　with the BV protonation states. His88, an essential residue, was protonated to form a　hydrogen bond to a lactam oxygen of the BV A-ring. His88 is also hydrogen-bonded to　His74 via a hydronium ion. In this article, we also describe the story to grow the large　crystals of the PcyA-BV complex and its neutron diffraction experiment

VUV-CDで見えてきたXRCC4活性中心に対する リン酸化の分子内遠隔制御

アミノ酸残基のリン酸化などの化学修飾によって、生体内のタンパク質の活性が制御されていることが明らかになりつつある。DNA二本鎖切断の修復におけるXRCC4もまた、DNA-PKによりリン酸化を受けることで、DNAライゲースのLigIVの機能をサポートし、修復を促進させる役割を持っている。リン酸化によりアミノ酸残基の電荷が変わることで、XRCC4は活性化構造へと変化すると推測される。私たちはこの仮説を実証するために、リン酸化を受けたXRCC4の構造と活性の変化の相関を明らかにすることを目指している。本研究では、円二色性（CD）分光により水溶液中における完全長のXRCC4の二次構造構成比を解析した。解析結果から、C末端側は-strand構造をほとんど保持していなかった。C末端側のセリンのうちの一つを負電荷のアスパラギン酸で置換し、疑似的なリン酸化状態にした場合には、本来C末端にはほとんど含まれていないstrand構造の総量が減少した。これにより、C末端側のアスパラギン酸置換により、活性中心を持つN末端を含めたタンパク質全体の構造が変化したことが推測された。このことから、XRCC4は、C末端側のリン酸化により、活性中心の構造を変化させ、活性効率を変化させていることが示唆された。第32回日本放射光学会年会・放射光科学合同シンポジウ