Brownian Dynamics Simulation of the Influence of Hydrodynamic Interaction on Particle Coagulation

采用布朗动力学模拟方法,研究了流体动力学作用对稀溶液中悬浮粒子聚集过程的影响.模拟中忽略了一个粒子同时与多个粒子碰撞聚集的可能,引入了前人有关两粒子间流体动力学作用影响的研究成果.模拟结果证实了流体动力学的作用在比较大的幅度上减缓了粒子的聚集过程,是导致粒子聚集速率的实验值低于Smoluchowski理论值的重要原因之一.另外,在分别加入和排除重力作用,以及考虑和忽略粒子间流体动力学作用在内的各种条件下模拟了粒子的聚集过程,得到了两种因素相互耦合作用时各因素对粒子聚集过程影响的结果,并从动力学的角度对这些因素的影响机制进行了相应的讨论

胶体晶体生长遵从Ostwald's step rule的证实

从原子、分子的微观作用和运动预言所组成物质的宏观特性是物理力学解决问题的途径。但原子、分子太小,观察它们的运动和相互作用十分困难。胶体粒子比原子大得多,可以使用的测试手段就丰富得多,其微观信息要更容易获取。因此,胶体悬浮粒子体系提供了为研究原子体系的从时间和空间上都高度放大了的模型体系,同样可以有效地实现物理力学由微观结构到宏观行为的研究思路,这里微观单元不再是原子、分子,而是胶体粒子。用胶体粒子代替原子研究物态性质的思路早已被提出,人们发现,由胶体粒子组成的晶体体系与通常固态晶体具有很强的类比性。两者在研究相变问题(如晶体生长)上的等价性已被广泛接受。因此,胶体晶体的结果则可以被推广应用一般..

The influence of gravity and the metastable state in colloidal phase transition

Experiments on crystallization of charged colloidal microspheres dispersed in density-matched and -unmatched media are compared to examine the influence of sedimentation.Results showed that the crystal size of the density-unmatched(namely,in the presence of sedimentation) sample grew faster than ..

The influence of gravity and the metastable state in colloidal phase transition

Experiments on crystallization of charged colloidal microspheres dispersed in density-matched and -unmatched media are compared to examine the influence of sedimentation.Results showed that the crystal size of the density-unmatched(namely,in the presence of sedimentation) sample grew faster than ..

Immobilization of Charged Colloidal Crystals in a Polymer Matrix

采用光固化技术, 以丙烯酰胺单体与亚甲基双丙烯酰胺交联剂在紫外光的照射下发生光聚合反应, 嵌入聚苯乙烯胶体晶体, 实现了胶体晶体的固定化. 结合反射光谱和Kossel衍射技术研究对照了固定化前后胶体晶体的变化, 实验结果表明, 通过这种水凝胶固定化的胶体晶体保存了未固定前悬浮液中胶体晶体的结构. 但固定化后的胶体晶体的晶面间距和晶体的尺寸都略微减小. 通过对固定化后的水凝胶长时间的反射光谱观测, 发现固定化后胶体晶体在Milli-Q水中起初会发生溶胀, 经过2-5天溶胀-消溶胀过程达到平衡, 平衡后的水凝胶胶体晶体十分稳定, 可以长时间保持胶体晶体的结构. 因此, 胶体晶体固定化不但极大地提高了悬浮液中胶体晶体的抗剪切能力, 还克服了悬浮液中胶体晶体对离子、外界干扰的敏感性, 扩大了胶体晶体的实际应用价值

Toward an understanding of the turbidity measurement of fleterocoagulation rate constants of dispersions containing particles of different sizes

Our previous studies have shown that the determination of coagulation rate constants by turbidity measurement becomes impossible for a certain operating wavelength (that is, its blind point) because at this wavelength the change in the turbidity of a dispersion completely loses its response to the coagulation process. Therefore, performing the turbidity measurement in the wavelength range near the blind point should be avoided. In this article, we demonstrate that the turbidity measurement of the rate constant for coagulation of a binary dispersion containing particles of two different sizes (heterocoagulation) presents special difficulties because the blind point shifts with not only particle size but also with the component fraction. Some important aspects of the turbidity measurement for the heterocoagulation rate constant are discussed and experimentally tested. It is emphasized that the T-matrix method can be used to correctly evaluate extinction cross sections of doublets formed during the heterocoagulation process, which is the key data determining the rate constant from the turbidity measurement, and choosing the appropriate operating wavelength and component fraction are important to achieving a more accurate rate constant. Finally, a simple scheme in experimentally determining the sensitivity of the turbidity changes with coagulation over a wavelength range is proposed

Optical Factors Determined by the T-matrix Method in Turbidity Measurement of Absolute Coagulation Rate Constants

Turbidity measurement for the absolute coagulation rate constant of suspensions has been extensively adopted because of its simplicity and easy implementation. A key factor to derive the rate constant from experimental data is how to theoretically evaluate the so-called optical factor involved in calculating the extinction cross section of doublets formed in the aggregation. In a previous paper, we have shown that compared with other theoretical approaches, the T-matrix method provides a robust solution to this problem and is effective in extending the applicability range of the turbidity methodology as well as increasing measurement accuracy. This paper will provide a more comprehensive discussion about the physical insight of using the T-matrix method in turbidity measurement and associated technical details. In particular, the importance of ensuring the correct value for the refractive indices for colloidal particles and the surrounding medium used in the calculation is addressed because the indices generally vary with the wavelength of the incident light. The comparison of calculated results with experiments shows that the T-matrix method can correctly calculate optical factors even for large particles, whereas other existing theories cannot. In addition, the calculated data of the optical factor by the T-matrix method for a range of particle radii and incident light wavelengths are listed

SJ-10返回式卫星上的SCCO项目

SCCO项目是一个已持续了多年的国际合作项目,其英文全称为Soret Coefficients in Crude Oil,即原油中的Soret系数.在SJ-10返回式卫星项目中,中欧双方就SCCO项目展开合作,共同研制相关的载荷设备,搭载SJ-10卫星进行空间实验,本文简单介绍了该项目科学实验的研究目标和意义、空间实验内容,并对后期科学研究进行了展望

胶体的聚集过程和胶体晶体的微重力研究

本文结合日常生活和工业应用等方面的例子，介绍了与胶体聚集过程和胶体晶体等相关的复杂流体研究的科学意义和应用价值，分析了开展相关微重力研究的必要性，并介绍了国际上相关微重力研究内容，以及我国空间站即将开展的有关研究