Inhibitory Effect of Flavonoids on the Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1 Expression Induced by IFN-γ in Human Alveolar Epithelial Cells

黏著分子ICAM-1被證實，在發炎反應以及癌化反應中扮有重要角色；而類黃鹼素具強抗發炎效果，並廣泛存在於植物界中。在本論文中，以一系列類黃鹼素處理後，篩選出flavonol類的kaempferol和quercetin以及flavone類的apigenin和luteolin，可抑制IFN-γ所誘發之ICAM-1表現和NCI-H292細胞之侵入作用。在IFN-γ引發ICAM-1表現之路徑中，STAT1 tyrosine 701以及serine 727之磷酸化扮有重要角色；kaempferol和quercetin會抑制STAT1 serine 727之磷酸化，而apigenin和luteolin則是對STAT1 serine 727及tyrosine 701之磷酸化皆有抑制作用。進一步探討IFN-γ引發STAT1 serine727磷酸化之相關路徑，發現Y27632（ROCK抑制劑）、LY294002（PI3K抑制劑）和SP600125（JNK抑制劑）均會抑制IFN-γ所引發之STAT1 serine 727之磷酸化，但IFN-γ在NCI-H292細胞並不活化AKT和JNK，而LY294002和SP600125會抑制mTOR之磷酸化，表示LY294002和SP600125會直接抑制mTOR之活化，因此，IFN-γ造成STAT1 serine 727之磷酸化可能是經由活化mTOR而來。本實驗中，kaempferol、quercetin、apigenin和luteolin皆抑制mTOR之磷酸化，因此，推論類黃鹼素可能是經由抑制mTOR之活化，因而抑制STAT1 serine 727之磷酸化，進而抑制IFN-γ所引發之ICAM-1表現，並抑制癌細胞之侵入。The intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) has been implicated in the process of inflammation. Flavonoids which are naturally occurring polyphenolic compounds with a wide distribution throughout the plant kingdom, have potent anti-inflammatory property. Pretreatment of cells with flavonols ( kaempferol and quercetin ) and flavones ( apigenin and luteolin ) inhibited the IFN-γ-stimulated ICAM-1 expression and cell invasion of NCI-H292 cells. The ICAM-1 promoter activity induced by IFN-γ was attenuated using serine 727 or tyrosine 701 mutant of STAT1, indicating the critical role of tyrosine 701 or serine 727 phosphorylation in the IFN-γ-induced ICAM-1 expression. Kaempferol and quercetin inhibited the phosphorylation of serine 727, while apigenin and luteolin inhibited that of serine 727 and tyrosine 701. The ROCK inhibitor（Y27632）, PI3K inhibitor（LY294002）and JNK inhibitor（SP600125）inhibited the phosphorylation of STAT1 serine at 727. However, activation of AKT or JNK was not induced by IFN-γ. IFN-γ-induced phosphorylation of mTOR was inhibited by LY294002 and SP600125, indicating the direct inhibition on mTOR activation by these two inhibitors. These results also suggested that IFN-γ-induced phosphorylation of serine 727 is through the activation of mTOR. Kaempferol, quercetin, apigenin and luteolin inhibited the phosphorylation of mTOR as well. In summary, the inhibitory effects of flavonoids on ICAM-1 expression are mediated by the sequential attenuation of mTOR/p70 s6kinase signaling pathways and serine 727 phosphorylation of STAT1縮寫表（Abbreviations）.............2 中文摘要（Abstract in Chinese)......4 英文摘要（Abstract in English）.....5 序論（Introduction).................6 實驗材料與方法（Materials and Methods）...26 結果（Results）.....................35 討論（Discussions)..................51 參考文獻（References)...............5

西洋占星應用於婚友社配對系統之態度感知評估

[[abstract]]婚友社是婚姻、交友的媒合管道之一，來到婚友社的會員們多半希望能藉由外在條件的設定，尋找特定族群或比自身條件優秀的伴侶。雖然婚姻的經營，確實需要有愛情與麵包的基石，但在離婚率之高的台灣社會，的確讓我們對於婚友所設定的客觀「條件論」提出質疑，因為它缺乏主觀的內在心理層面的認知。為了讓雙方對彼此的內在有更多的了解，本研究將以西洋占星學的學理為基礎，開發一套「個性觀」、「愛情價值觀」、「性愛價值觀」的PLS適配度指數分析系統，藉由這套系統來推薦合適的人選，除了符合外在的客觀條件，同時又能滿足內在的主觀心理層面的認知，做為擇偶的參考依據，並且想了解受測者對於西洋占星態度感知之量測在使用PLS分析前、PLS分析後，對於西洋占星的態度是否有顯著的差異

聚集诱导发光

聚集诱导发光(AIE)是唐本忠院士于2001年提出的一个科学概念,是指一类在溶液中不发光或者发光微弱的分子聚集后发光显著增强的现象。高效固态发光的AIE材料有望从根本上解决有机发光材料面临的聚集导致发光猝灭难题,具有重大的实际应用价值。从分子内旋转受限到分子内运动受限,从聚集诱导发光到聚集体科学,AIE领域已经取得了许多原创性的成果。在本综述中,我们从AIE材料的分类、机理、概念衍生、性能、应用和挑战等方面讨论了AIE领域最近取得的显著进展。希望本综述能激发更多关于分子聚集体的研究,并推动材料、化学和生物医学等学科的进一步交叉融合和更大发展。 Aggregation-induced emission (AIE), conceptually coined by Prof. Ben Zhong Tang in 2001, refers to a unique photophysical phenomenon non- or weakly emissive luminogens in dilute solutions emit intensely upon aggregation. AIE can solve the aggregation-caused quenching problem that traditional fluorophores are suffering from and hold great technological values for practical applications. The past 20 years have witnessed the rapid development of AIE research, from the restriction of intramolecular rotations to restriction of intramolecular motions, and from AIE to aggregate science, and many original results have been achieved. In this review, we summarize the advances in the field of AIE and its related areas. We specifically discuss the recent progress in AIE area, including material classification, mechanism, concept derivation, property, applications, and challenges. It is hoped that this review will inspire more research into the molecular aggregate level and make significant advances in materials, chemistry and biological sciences