基于混合储能的直流微电网控制策略研究

针对直流微电网中新能源不稳定输出导致的微网功率不平衡和直流母线电压波动大等问题,研究了一种由光伏发电系统、混合储能系统和交流市电构成的直流微电网结构,提出了一种新型的直流微电网能量控制策略,根据母线电压值将系统分为4种工作模式、7个运行区间,系统的运行方式可以自动判断和自由切换。该微电网中的混合能源管理系统含有2个互补型储能元件——蓄电池和超级电容器,其以特殊的供应逻辑提高了系统的可靠性和灵活性。通过Matlab/Simulink仿真平台验证了这种策略的可行性

Application of Na-Doped Mo Electrodes on Copper Indium Gallium Diselenide(CIGS) Thin-Film Solar Cells

适量钠元素对铜铟镓硒薄膜生长具有促进作用,本文主要研究了掺钠钼电极特性及其对铜铟镓硒薄膜太阳能电池性能的影响。利用磁控溅射方法制备不同厚度的钼钠/钼(MO nA/MO)薄膜作为背电极,并在(MO nA/MO)薄膜电极上蒸镀铜铟镓硒(CIgS)薄膜,并利用单质硒源硒化处理后制备CIgS薄膜电池。SEM和Xrd结果表明采用三层叠层MO/MO/MO nA薄膜做电极的MO nA容易被氧化,电阻率增加,采用四层叠层MO/MO/MO nA/MO薄膜电极方式有效降低电阻率,阻止MO nA被氧化,CIgS晶粒较大且致密。在同一条件下,在不同MO nA/MO厚度电极上制备CIgS薄膜电池,80 nM MO nA厚度上的CIgS薄膜电池效率达6.54%。An appropriate concentration of Na element is able to promote the growth of Copper Indium Gallium Diselenide(CIGS) thin films.This paper is mainly focused on the study of characteristics of Na-doped Mo electrodes and their effect on the performance of CIGS thin-film solar cells.In this work, the thin-film CIGS solar cells were fabricated as follows:(i) different thicknesses of Mo Na/Mo thin films prepared by magnetron sputtering were used as back electrodes;(ii) CIGS thin films were evaporated on the top of Mo Na/Mo electrodes;(iii) the CIGS thin films were post-processed by selenation process using an elemental Se source and later CIGS solar cells were finally made.The results of SEM and XRD reveal that, for the solar cells using three layers of Mo/Mo/Mo Na thin films as an electrode, Mo Na is easily oxidized and the resistivity of electrode increases, while, for the solar cells using four layers of Mo/Mo/Mo Na/Mo thin films as an electrode, the resistivity of electrode can be effectively reduced, Mo Na can be prevented from being oxidized and the CIGS grains are large and dense.Under the same experimental conditions, for the CIGS solar cells with different thicknesses of Mo Na/Mo thin films as electrodes, the CIGS solar cell using Mo Na with a thickness of 80 nm as an electrode has the highest conversion efficiency of 6.54%国家985资助项目(No.1270K51001

厦门大学能源研究院太阳能光电建筑一体化应用示范项目

厦门大学能源研究院太阳能光电建筑一体化工程位于厦门市厦门大学翔安新校区东区。厦门大学翔安校区位于厦门市翔安区东南沿海区域。校园南幽翔安南路,北靠香山省风景名胜区的鹊鸟髻,西为现状茂林村

便携式气相色谱仪薄壳环型加热装置的设计与性能研究

设计了一种用于便携式气相色谱仪的色谱柱均温加热装置，对装置的性能做了考察。该装置是一个外径91mm、内径89．7mm、高50mm的铝筒，内壁贴有两层硅橡胶，两个硅橡胶层之间绕有443gl的电阻丝，最大功耗为109W，可以实现线性程序升温（90℃／min），最高温度180℃。OV-1毛细管柱（9m×0．25mm i．d．×0．3μm）绕在铝筒外侧。用C6-C12正构烷烃作样品，考察了仪器的的性能，分流进样，FID检测。保留时问重复误差≤2．7％（n-5），峰面积重复误差≤11％（n-5）。结果表明，本装置能够用于沸点低于210℃物质的分离分析

便携式气相色谱仪薄壳环型加热装置的设计与性能研究

设计了一种用于便携式气相色谱仪的色谱柱均温加热装置，对装置的性能做了考察。该装置是一个外径91mm、内径89．7mm、高50mm的铝筒，内壁贴有两层硅橡胶，两个硅橡胶层之间绕有443gl的电阻丝，最大功耗为109W，可以实现线性程序升温（90℃／min），最高温度180℃。OV-1毛细管柱（9m×0．25mm i．d．×0．3μm）绕在铝筒外侧。用C6-C12正构烷烃作样品，考察了仪器的的性能，分流进样，FID检测。保留时问重复误差≤2．7％（n-5），峰面积重复误差≤11％（n-5）。结果表明，本装置能够用于沸点低于210℃物质的分离分析

Fabrication and Characterization of Thin Film Solar Cell Made from CuIn075Ga025S2 Wurtzite Nanoparticles

DOE EPSCoR [DE-FG02-04ER46142]; National Science Foundation [NSF CHE-1048714, NSF CHE-108952]CuIn0.75Ga0.25S2 (CIGS) thin film solar cells have been successfully fabricated using CIGS Wurtzite phase nanoparticles for the first time. The structure of the cell is Glass/Mo/CIGS/CdS/ZnO/ZnO:Al/Ag. The light absorption layer is made from CIGS Wurtzite phase nanoparticles that are formed from single-source precursors through a microwave irradiation. The Wurtzite phase nanoparticles were converted to Chalcopyrite phase film through a single-step annealing process in the presence of argon and sulfur at 450 degrees C. The solar cell made from Wurtzite phase nanoparticles showed 1.6% efficiency and 0.42 fill factor

单靶磁控溅射法制备Cu2ZnSnS4薄膜及其异质结光电探测器

采用单靶磁控溅射法制备了铜锌锡硫(CZTS)薄膜,利用X射线衍射仪(XRD)、拉曼光谱(Raman)、紫外-可见-近红外分光光度计(UV-Vis-NIR)和扫描电镜(SEM)分别对CZTS薄膜的物相结构、光学性能以及表面形貌进行表征,结果表明,退火后的CZTS薄膜具有单一相的锌黄锡矿结构、适合的禁带宽度(1.51eV)以及平整致密的表面形貌。通过制备CZTS/n-Si异质结光电探测器,光电性能测试显示,器件在450,635和980nm波长的光源下均具有良好的光伏效应。在0V偏压,功率密度为3mW/cm~2的980nm光源照射条件下,器件的响应的上升时间(τr)和下降时间(τd)分别为τr=41ms,τd=126ms,电流开关比为434.9。CZTS/n-Si异质结结构有利于提高载流子的分离效率,比纯n-Si探测器与纯CZTS探测器具有更大的电流开关比,为低成本、高性能及环境友好光电探测器提供新方案

生态工程前后三江源草地产草量与载畜压力的变化分析

三江源生态保护和建设工程对生态系统的恢复具有重要作用,其对草地生态系统的影响也成为关注的热点。本文基于GLO-PEM模型和载畜压力指数,对比分析了三江源地区实施生态工程前后草地产草量和载畜压力的变化。结果表明,工程实施后的2005-2012年8年的草地平均产草量为694kg/hm2,比工程实施前1988-2004年17年的平均产草量(533kg/hm2)提高了30.31%,减畜措施实施后的2003-2012年10年的平均载畜压力指数为1.46,比1988-2002年15年平均载畜压力指数(2.49)下降了36.1%。草地产草量的提高和载畜压力的减轻,主要归因于生态保护和建设工程的实施以及气候变化。其中,生态工程对草地生态系统的恢复已初见成效

Plasma-produced phase-pure cuprous oxide nanowires for methane gas sensing

Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities; Program for New Century Excellent Talents in Fujian Province University (NCETFJ); Scientific Research Foundation for the Returned Overseas Chinese Scholars; State Education Ministry; CSIRO's OCE Science Leadership Program; Australian Research CouncilPhase-selective synthesis of copper oxide nanowires is warranted by several applications, yet it remains challenging because of the narrow windows of the suitable temperature and precursor gas composition in thermal processes. Here, we report on the room-temperature synthesis of small-diameter, large-area, uniform, and phase-pure Cu2O nanowires by exposing copper films to a custom-designed low-pressure, thermally non-equilibrium, high-density (typically, the electron number density is in the range of 10(11)-10(13) cm(-3)) inductively coupled plasmas. The mechanism of the plasma-enabled phase selectivity is proposed. The gas sensors based on the synthesized Cu2O nanowires feature fast response and recovery for the low-temperature (similar to 140 degrees C) detection of methane gas in comparison with polycrystalline Cu2O thin film-based gas sensors. Specifically, at a methane concentration of 4%, the response and the recovery times of the Cu2O nanowire-based gas sensors are 125 and 147 s, respectively. The Cu2O nanowire-based gas sensors have a potential for applications in the environmental monitoring, chemical industry, mining industry, and several other emerging areas. (C) 2014 AIP Publishing LLC