Study on the Banking Supervision in China

本文采用法学和经济学相结合的方法研究银行监管法律问题。全文分为前言、正文、结论三部分。正文部分共分四章。第一章总结了西方国家的主要银行监管理论，回顾银行监管的主要发展变化，比较了美英银行监管的主要内容，并就银行审慎监管进行规范分析，得出审慎监管包括微观审慎监管和宏观审慎监管的结论。第二章从广义的银行监管的法律概念出发，对银行监管的层次进行分析。首先阐述了银行监管法律概念，然后结合我国监管现状分别就监管当局监管、银行自我监管、行业协会自律管理、社会公众监督四个层次的权力状态进行剖析，提出后三个层次的权力行使依赖于第一层次监管权力的推动的观点。第三章从狭义的银行监管的法律概念入手，对银行监管的价值...This paper studies the issue of banking supervision from both economical and jurisprudential points of view. It consists of three parts, the foreword, the main body and the conclusion. The main body of the paper is comprised of four chapters. Chapter 1 analyzes main banking supervision theories in the western countries, studies the evolution of banking supervision practices and compares the dif...学位：法学硕士院系专业：法学院法律系_法律硕士(JM)学号：X20010808

′98诺贝尔化学奖简介

1998年10月13日，瑞典皇家科学院宣布：将1998年度诺贝尔化学奖授予两位成就卓著的量子化学家——美国加利福尼亚大学的沃尔特·库恩（WAlTErkOHn，1923年出生）和美国西北大学的约翰·波普尔（JOHnA.POPlE，1925年出生），以奖..

Unusual Boron-Carbon Compounds Containing Planar Tetracoordinate and Pentacoordinate Carbons

采用密度泛函理论(dfT),在b3lyP/6-311+g**水平上,研究了三类包含平面四配位碳原子(PTC)和平面五配位碳原子(PPC)的硼碳化合物.这三类新型化合物是由C3b2H4(包含PTC)、Cb4H2(包含PTC)和Cb5H2(包含PPC)三种稳定结构和—CHCH—单元连接起来而得到的.在理论上探讨了这些新型的硼碳化合物的成键特征,光谱性质以及芳香性.研究结果表明:包含PTC和PPC原子的能量最低的结构,在不受对称面限制的条件下,具有C2V对称性的顺式立体构型比具有反式平面构型的化合物稳定.计算的核独立化学位移(nICS)显示,这些新型化合物的三元环中心有强的芳香性.计算最稳定硼碳化合物的PTC和PPC原子的WIbErg键指数(WbIS)表明PTC和PPC的成键遵循八隅规则.Unusual boron-carbon compounds containing planar tetracoordinate carbon (ptC) and planar pentacoordinate carbon (ppC) were investigated using density functional theory (DFT) at B3LYP/6-311+G** level.These novel compounds are generally assembled with three types of stable structural units C3B2H4 with ptC, CB4H2 with ptC, and CB5H2 with ppC as well as linking elements—CHCH—.On the basis of calculation results the bonding features, spectroscopic properties, and the aromaticities of these novel boron-carbon compounds were discussed.Results show that as for the lowest-energy compounds contained ptC and ppC without being limited by symmetrical planes, stereo cis-structures of C2v symmetry are more stable than the corresponding planar trans-structures.Calculated nucleus-independent chemical shift (NICS) values show that the aromaticity of the center of the three-membered rings is the strongest.The total Wiberg bond indices (WBIs) of the ptC and ppC atoms of the most stable structures of the boron-carbon compounds indicate that the ptC and ppC obey the octal rule.supportedbytheExcellentSciencePre-researchProjectofShaanxiNormalUniversity(China)in2008---

钯纳米粒子体系中的近场耦合与SERS效应

利用广义米氏散射理论(gEnErAlIzEd MIE)从理论上系统研究了球形钯纳米粒子二聚体的线性光学性质及其表面增强拉曼散射效应.计算表明,粒子间的近场耦合效应对粒子对的吸收、散射和消光光谱影响显著,其表面等离子体激元共振峰的位置随粒子间隔的变小而显著红移.在耦合效应和尺寸效应的共同作用下,钯纳米粒子二聚体中“热点“位的最大SErS增强因子可达到107~108,表面平均SErS增强因子可达105~106.通过对远场和近场的对比研究,发现消光谱与粒子间的近场增强谱的谱型大致相同,但消光谱的极值峰位与SErS的最大增强峰位之间存在一定的偏离,这显示了表面等离子激元共振对远场和近场的不同影响,我们对此进行了讨论.相关结果对揭示远场与近场的关联性及探索过渡金属体系中表面增强散射的电磁场增强机理有较重要的科学意义.国家自然科学基金(20703032);国家重点基础研究发展计划(2009CB930703);福建省自然科学基金(E0710028)资助项

Investigation on the iodine status among the population in rural and urban areas of Xiamen in 2013

目的了解碘盐新标准实施后农村和城市人群的碘营养现况,为有效落实科学补碘防控策略提供依据。方法在农村和城市调查点各抽取1个镇的1个村,在每个村采集自来水厂出厂水和末梢水各2份;抽取30户以上居民,采集各户家庭食用盐,用3日称量法测算各户居民人均食盐摄入量;抽取18-45岁成人50名以上,采集尿样。在抽中的镇随机选择8-10岁儿童(男女各半)、孕妇和哺乳期妇女各50名以上,采集尿样。测定盐碘、尿碘和水碘含量。结果农村和城市自来水末梢水水碘含量均值分别为4.5μg/L和6.0μg/L;居民人均每日食用盐摄入量中位数分别为7.0和5.6g;8~10岁儿童尿碘中位数分别为152.0和181.2μg/L;哺乳妇尿碘中位数分别为108.3和107.7μg/L;18-45岁成人尿碘中位数分别为121.1和147.4μg/L;孕妇尿碘中位数分别为116.0和112.2μg/L,尿碘含量低于150μg/L的比例分别达67.9%和64%;除农村人均每日食用盐摄入量高于城市,农村18-45岁成人尿碘水平低于城市外,其他指标农村和城市间差异无显著性。结论厦门市仍是缺碘地区,在现有碘盐标准下,8-10岁儿童、18-45岁成人、哺乳期妇女的碘营养处于适宜水平,但孕妇的碘营养不足,要开展针对孕期人群的碘营养监测和指导,杜绝碘缺乏所造成的危害。Objective To gain knowledge of the iodine status among the population in rural and urban areas after the implement of new standard for edible salt and to provide scientific evidence for the initiative of the iodine supplement strategy. Method 1 village / community was selected randomly from rural and urban area as research site respectively. 2 samples of treated water and tap water were collected respectively in both sites, 30 + houses were enrolled randomly and edible salt samples were collected. 3days weighed record was employed to estimate average salt daily intake. Urine sample was collected from 50 + adults aged from 18 to 45. Identical sample was also collected from 50 + children aged from 8 to 10( same amount of subjects in both genders),pregnant women, and lactating women respectively. Iodine level of water, salt, and urine was determined by laboratory assay.Results The iodine concentration of tap water in rural and urban areas was 4. 5 μg / L and 6. 0 μg / L,respectively. The median of average iodine intake in rural and urban areas was 7. 0 g and 5. 6 g, respectively. The median in urine iodine was 152. 0 μg / L and 181. 2 μg / L,respectively. This measurement in lactating women was 108. 3 μg / L and 107. 7 μg / L,respectively. And it was121. 1 μg / L and 147. 4 μg / L in adults aged 18 to 45, respectively. As for the pregnant women, the iodine level reached 116. 0μg /L and 112. 2 μg /L,respectively. The proportion of subjects has urine iodine level less than 150 μg /L reached 67. 9 % and 64 %, respectively. The average salt intake in rural area was higher than urban significantly, and the urine iodine level in adults aged 18 to 45 from rural area was significantly lower than urban. No significance was found in other comparison. Conclusion Through our investigation,Xiamen is still an iodine deficiency area. Under the implement of new edible salt standard, the iodine status in children aged 8 to 10, adults aged 18 to 45 and lactating women was adequate, however, we found that pregnant women enrolled in our study have iodine deficiency in some degrees. Therefore the iodine surveillance and dietary guidance should be performed among pregnant women to eliminate the harm caused by iodine deficiency

Unusual Boron-Carbon Compounds Containing Planar Tetracoordinate and Pentacoordinate Carbons

Unusual boron-carbon compounds containing planar tetracoordinate carbon (ptC) and planar pentacoordinate carbon (ppC) were investigated using density functional theory (DFT) at B3LYP/6-311+G * * level. These novel compounds are generally assembled with three types of stable structural units C3B2H4 with ptC, CB4H2 with ptC, and CB5H2 with ppC as well as linking elements -CHCH-. On the basis of calculation results the bonding features, spectroscopic properties, and the aromaticities of these novel boron-carbon compounds were discussed. Results show that as for the lowest-energy compounds contained ptC and ppC without being limited by symmetrical planes, stereo cis-structures of C-2v symmetry are more stable than the corresponding planar trans-structures. Calculated nucleus-independent chemical shift (NICS) values show that the aromaticity of the center of the three-membered rings is the strongest. The total Wiberg bond indices (WBIs) of the ptC and ppC atoms of the most stable structures of the boron-carbon compounds indicate that the ptC and ppC obey the octal rule.Excellent Science Pre-research Project of Shaanxi Normal University (China

SBA-15 supported vanadium oxide catalyst for selective oxidation of methane

The VOx/SBA-15 has been found to be a better catalyst for the selective oxidation of methane to formaldehyde than SBA-15-supported Mo and W oxides. The influences of catalyst support and vanadium source on catalytic performances have been studied. The results show that SBA-15 is a better support than MCM-41 and Cab-O-Sil, and the catalyst with NH4VO3 as the precursor exhibits higher performances. The addition of phosphorus has been found to enhance slightly the selectivity to HCHO. Characterizations by XRD, N-2 physical adsorption, Raman spectroscopy and H-2-TPR suggest that the supported VOx species with loading amounts lower than 3 wt% be highly dispersed (probably as monomer) and contribute to the selective oxidation of methane to formaldehyde

冷冻防腐法对生皮质量的影响

我国野生动物资源十分丰富,可供制裘用的就有80多种,成为世界上较大的裘皮出口国之一.而其中很多种类是我国传统的出口商品,在国际场上享有盛誉,每年为国家换回大量外汇.虽然我国利用毛皮有悠久的历史,但对生皮的初步加工、鞣制、成品制作等方面,还此较落后。所以,有许多种裘皮仍处于生皮出口状态,这就大大的减少了换汇率。以黑龙江省产的灰鼠皮为例:1983年一张生灰鼠皮的出口价为3.7美元,而由24张皮制成的全灰鼠皮褥子 （皮鞣制后缝成24×48时的制服装的原料） 每条出口价为132美元 （平均每张灰鼠皮的出口价为5.5美元）。扭转生皮出口的关键不仅要改进落后的鞣制方法,还要从根本上改变生皮的防腐方法。否则,由于防腐方法不当会破坏皮张的组