近垒熔合机制的动力学研究

通过考虑动力学中的壳效应,对同位旋相关的量子分子动力学模型做了进一步改进,并利用改进的量子分子动力学模型对近垒熔合机制做了动力学研究.对轻系统的熔合反应,改进的模型能够给出与实验结果一致的熔合激发函数,同时,对重系统的俘获截面也能给出与实验测量值基本一致的计算结果,尤其是对近垒或垒下区域也能作出很好的描述.作为对模型的进一步检验,对核一核相互作用势做了静态研究,并与亲近势的结果做了比较

海南东寨港国家级自然保护区海陆蛙的空间分布格局及保护对策

海陆蛙（Fejervarya moodiei）是红树林湿地中的优势两栖物种，也是海南省省级重点保护野生动物。目前，关于海陆蛙在红树林湿地类自然保护区中的空间分布格局及其影响因素的认识仍然较为有限。为探究海南东寨港国家级自然保护区海陆蛙的空间分布特征，于2022年7月—2023年4月，在保护区内布设了49条长200 m的固定调查样线，并开展3轮夜间样线调查。结果表明：保护区内海陆蛙的空间分布存在明显差异，南部片区核心区的海陆蛙数量显著高于缓冲区，北部片区则反之，且南部片区核心区的海陆蛙数量显著大于北部片区核心区。水盐度、气温、水温和潮高等生态因子均能影响区内海陆蛙的分布。海陆蛙数量与环境水盐度和水体pH呈负相关，却分别与气温、水温和潮高呈正相关。基于上述结果，本研究为海陆蛙保护提出两点对策建议。第一，将南部片区的核心区规划为海陆蛙的优先保护区域；第二，从49条固定调查样线中筛选出海陆蛙出现频率较高的20条样线（南、北片区各10条），作为未来的固定监测样线，以制定科学的监测方案。本研究丰富了海南东寨港国家级自然保护区海陆蛙的生态学资料，为红树林保护区中海陆蛙的保护与管理提供了科学依据

有限核多重碎裂的同位旋效应和临界现象的分析

利用非对称核物质状态方程及同位旋相关的量子分子动力学模型对有限核112Sn和132Sn在不同温度下多重碎裂的同位旋效应进行了研究,发现随着温度的升高同位旋效应逐渐消失,并给出了在一定温度下不同密度对产生中等质量碎片的影响.通过碎片的关联分析,对中高能重离子碰撞中的临界现象做了初步研究

Flame retarded modification of jute fiber/polyester fiber composites

应用两种水性磷系阻燃剂磷酸铵类阻燃剂(DAG-50)和磷酸酯类阻燃剂(DAG-80)及其复配阻燃剂对天然黄麻纤维进行阻燃改性,并与皮芯结构聚酯纤; 维制备成黄麻纤维/聚酯纤维复合材料,通过燃烧测试、; SEM、红外、热失重、热失重-红外联用等技术分析了此两种阻燃剂及复配阻燃剂对黄麻纤维及其黄麻纤维/聚酯纤维复合材料的阻燃效果及阻燃机制,并筛选出; 适合黄麻纤维/聚酯纤维复合材料产业化的阻燃改性配方。结果表明,阻燃剂DAG-50阻燃改性效果良好,但容易析出于黄麻纤维表面。阻燃剂DAG-80能; 较为均匀地包覆在黄麻纤维表面,阻燃改性效果好,但其价格较高。DAG-50与DAG-80形成的复配阻燃剂,阻燃效果好,既避免了单独使用DAG-50; 时阻燃剂易析出问题,且复配阻燃剂接近中性,避免设备腐蚀。综合考虑成本与阻燃性能,使用DAG-50与DAG-80复配阻燃剂比例为2∶1且浓度为55; wt%时,可达到黄麻纤维/聚酯纤维复合材料B1级阻燃。Two kinds of water-based phosphorus flame retardants,DAG-50and; DAG-80,and their compound flame retardants were applied to modify the; natural jute fibers.A novel type of jute fiber/polyester fiber; composites was prepared by the hot-press method using the flame retarded; jute fibers and polyester fibers with skin-core structure as raw; material.The flame retarded effects and mechanism of these flame; retardants were studied by combustion tests,SEM,FTIR,TGA and; TGA-FTIR.Meanwhile,the flame retardant formula which is suitable for the; industrialization of the jute fiber/polyester fiber composites was also; screened out.The results show that DAG-50presents good flame; retardancy,but easily precipitates out on the surface of jute; fibers.DAG-80can coat uniformly on the surface of jute fibers with; better flame retardancy,but it has much higher price than DAG-50.The; compound flame retardant prepared by DAG-50and DAG-80shows excellent; flame retardancy towards jute fibers.It is nearly neutral and can avoid; the corrosion of equipment and overcome the problem of precipitating out; when using DAG-50alone.Considering cost and flame retardancy,the; 55wt%compound flame retardant made up of DAG-50 and DAG-80with the ratio; of 2∶1can achieve flame retardant composites with B1rank.国家自然科学基金; 福建省自然科学基金; 福建省科技创新平台建设计划; 江苏省博士后科研资助计划; 常熟市科技发展计划成果转化专项项

海南东寨港红树林湿地两栖动物多样性的空间分布特征

为了解红树林湿地两栖动物多样性的空间分布特征及所受环境水盐度的影响，2022年7—11月，对东寨港红树林湿地的两栖类开展2轮夜间样线调查研究。在东寨港的北区近岸、北区近海、南区近岸和南区近海4类红树林湿地共布设49条长200 m的固定调查样线，各样线间距大于500 m。每轮每条样线采取每日19：00—24：00调查1次、重复3天次的方式调查。结果表明：海南东寨港红树林湿地两栖类的物种多样性低，仅分布有海陆蛙（Fejervarya moodiei）、泽陆蛙（F.multistriata）、沼水蛙（Hylarana guentheri）、黑眶蟾蜍（Duttaphrynus melanostictus）和花狭口蛙（Kaloula pulchra） 5种；海陆蛙是该湿地两栖类的优势物种（占95.23%），也是近海红树林湿地中唯一能见到的两栖动物，而在近岸红树林湿地中还能见到其余4种；环境水盐度降低了海岸潮间带红树林湿地两栖类物种多样性，与两栖类多度之间呈显著负相关；在两栖动物多样性的空间分布上，扩散活动促使红树林湿地的近岸生境有比近海生境明显更高的物种丰富度，而水盐度则使两栖类多度在北区近海生境中显著最低。研究结果丰富了对海南红树林湿地两栖类物种多样性的认识，增补了红树林湿地两栖类的生态资料，将有助于未来对红树林湿地的保护与管理

Recent Advances on Carbon and Transition Metallic Compound Electrodes for High-Performance Supercapacitors

超级电容器因其在电动车和便携式设备上巨大的应用潜力而受到广泛关注. 电极材料是超级电容器的关键组成部分, 决定了超级电容器性能的好坏. 近来大量研究以碳材料和过渡金属化合物作为电极材料. 然而, 碳材料电容值极小与过渡金属化合物导电性和稳定性差, 极大地限制了它们在超级电容器中的应用. 本综述重点介绍了我们课题组近年来在设计、可控制备及优化碳材料与过渡金属氧/氮化物电容性能的相关研究工作, 并讨论了材料构效关系及其调控机理. 最后对碳材料和过渡金属化合物作为电极材料的日后研究进行了展望.Supercapacitors (SCs) have stimulated intensive interests for their promising applications in electric vehicles and portable electronics, etc. Electrode material is the most important key component of SCs, which vastly determines the performance of SCs. Carbon and transition metallic compound materials have attracted considerable attention and been widely explored as electrode materials. However, the insufficient capacitance of carbon materials and unsatisfactory conductivity and cyclic stability of transition metallic compounds severely limit their implementation as robust SC electrodes. Herein, we highlight our recent efforts to boost the capacitive performance of carbon and metal oxide/nitride electrodes by rationally structural and componential design. The relationships between structures and performances,  as well as the mechanisms are discussed. Finally, we also present our personal perspectives on the further research of these electrodes.This work was supported by the Natural Science Foundation of China (21403306, and 2016YFA0202604), Guangdong Natural Science Funds for Distinguished Young Scholar (2014A030306048), Pearl River S&T Nova Program of Guangzhou (201610010080), Tip-top Scientific and Technical Innovative Youth Talents of Guangdong Special Support Program (2015TQ01C205) and Technology Planning Project of Guangdong Province (2015B090927007).This work was supported by the Natural Science Foundation of China (21403306, and 2016YFA0202604), Guangdong Natural Science Funds for Distinguished Young Scholar (2014A030306048), Pearl River S&T Nova Program of Guangzhou (201610010080), Tip-top Scientific and Technical Innovative Youth Talents of Guangdong Special Support Program (2015TQ01C205) and Technology Planning Project of Guangdong Province (2015B090927007).作者联系地址：中山大学化学学院，广东 广州，510275Author's Address: MOE of the Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, KLGHEI of Environment and Energy Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, People’s Republic of China通讯作者E-mail：[email protected]; [email protected]