旧城集市型社区耦合型微更新路径研究——以厦门营平片区为例

集市通常是城乡发展的发源地,而旧城集市型社区既是一个城市发展的起源,也承载着丰富的社会生活及文化记忆。目前旧城集市型社区大多面临着一系列复杂的经济及社会问题,亟需通过更新来重新激发活力,但却难以套用简单的旧城更新模式。聚焦旧城集市型社区转型的微更新路径,以厦门市营平片区为例,基于深入的调研分析,提出\"产业—人群—空间\"的耦合型微更新路径及相应的设计策略,尝试应对集市自身及集市所在社区的转型发展瓶颈,试图为我国该类型社区的转型发展提供借鉴

Purification of Tylosin by Membrane Separation Technology

简要介绍膜分离技术,采用超滤膜、纳滤膜对泰乐菌素发酵液进行脱色除蛋白试验。通过考查该体系膜通量、发酵液浓缩情况及滤液质量等,发现采用膜系统处理泰乐菌素发酵液在工艺、技术上是可行的,比传统过滤方式具备很多优越性。Membrane technology was mainly introduced in the paper.Using ultrafiltration membranes and nanofiltration membranes to decolorize and remove proteins of Tylosin fermentation broth.Through studying the membrane flux,the concentrated condition of fermentation broth and the quality of concentrated filtrate,we found that using the membrane system to treat the Tylosin fermentation broth was technically feasible,at the same time it has much more advantages than other traditional filtering methods

基于村落形态演变的闽南传统村落保护与发展探索——以泉州市福林村为例

在我国多样的传统村落中,闽南传统聚落别具一格。在宗族文化和华侨文化的双重影响下,闽南传统村落的形态呈现出一定的演进规律和布局特征。而目前传统村落的保护与发展规划中的空间规划却忽略了对传统村落的本质——历史与文化的主客观评价的整合。本文以泉州市晋江福林村为例,梳理其村落形态和空间演变的历程,并分析其主要特征和影响因素。在总结村落演变规律的基础上,提出保护与发展规划的新思路,为闽南地区传统聚落的保护提供借鉴

福州市部分养老机构护理员现状及分析

随着我国老龄化不断加剧,养老服务人力资源问题日益凸显,养老服务成为当今社会都应重视的问题。目前养老机构越来越多,与迅速增加的老年人口及养老机构床位数相比,养老护理员的增长明显不足。养老护理员是对老年人生活进行照料、护理的服务人员,其职业定义与工作内容同医疗机构中的执业护士有本质区别[1]。养老护理员作为社会养老服务的中坚力量,其服务水平高低直接关系到养老服务

Electrochemical Nanofabrication Using Polyacrylamide Hydrogel as Soft Stamps

电化学刻蚀使用腐蚀性小的电解质溶液,且溶液可使用周期长,是一种环境友好的加工工艺.本文采用聚丙烯酰胺水凝胶(PAg)作为软印章,辅以优化工艺,将电化学湿印章技术(E-WETS)的加工精度从几十微米提高到了200纳米.将新配制的聚丙烯酰胺水凝胶浇注在具有纳米结构的软模板表面,固化后脱模并保存于0.2MOl·l-1kCl溶液中,在合适电位和压力下,对硅片表面金膜进行电化学湿法刻蚀,分别研究了聚丙烯酰胺水凝胶的聚合条件、电化学加工电位以及水凝胶表面压力对加工结果的影响.实验表明,在最优条件下可加工出直径为200纳米的特征点阵结构,且该方法具有较好的可靠性和稳定性。The fabrication resolution of electrochemical wet stamping was enhanced to several hundred nanometers from several ten micrometers by using polycarylamide gel(PAG) as soft stamps and through optimized processes.The PAG stamp was cured on a nanopatterned soft mold and soaked with 0.2 mol.L-1 KCl solution,then contacted with a silicon wafer with gold film and applied with electric field.And the gold nanopatterns were achieved by the selective anodic dissolving,the diameter of fabricated gold spot was around 200 nm.The parameters which affected the fabrication processes have been discussed in detail.supportedbyNationalScienceFoundationofChina(No.91123002); InnovationMethodFundofChina(No.2010IM040100); NationalInstrumentationProgram(No.2011YQ030124

Electrochemical Nanofabrication Using Polyacrylamide Hydrogel as Soft Stamps

电化学刻蚀使用腐蚀性小的电解质溶液，且溶液可使用周期长，是一种环境友好的加工工艺. 本文采用聚丙烯酰胺水凝胶（PAG）作为软印章，辅以优化工艺，将电化学湿印章技术（E-WETS）的加工精度从几十微米提高到了200纳米. 将新配制的聚丙烯酰胺水凝胶浇注在具有纳米结构的软模板表面，固化后脱模并保存于0.2 mol·L-1 KCl溶液中，在合适电位和压力下，对硅片表面金膜进行电化学湿法刻蚀，分别研究了聚丙烯酰胺水凝胶的聚合条件、电化学加工电位以及水凝胶表面压力对加工结果的影响. 实验表明，在最优条件下可加工出直径为200纳米的特征点阵结构，且该方法具有较好的可靠性和稳定性.The fabrication resolution of electrochemical wet stamping (E-WETS) was enhanced to several hundred nanometers from several ten micrometers by using polycarylamide gel (PAG) as soft stamps and through optimized processes. The PAG stamp was cured on a nanopatterned soft mold and soaked with 0.2 mol·L-1 KCl solution, then contacted with a silicon wafer with gold film and applied with electric field. And the gold nanopatterns were achieved by the selective anodic dissolving, the diameter of fabricated gold spot was around 200 nm. The parameters which affected the fabrication processes have been discussed in detail.This work was supported by National Science Foundation of China (No. 91123002), Innovation Method Fund of China (No. 2010IM040100) and National Instrumentation Program (No. 2011YQ030124).作者联系地址：厦门大学 固体表面物理化学国家重点实验室，厦门大学化学化工学院，厦门，361005Author's Address: State Key Laboratory for Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces and Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen, Fujian 361005, China?通讯作者E-mail：[email protected]

Calibration and Preliminary Application of Linear Quantitation Standard for Anti-HEV IgG Antibody

目的建立抗戊型肝炎病毒(Anti-HEV)IgG抗体的定量线性标准品,并进行初步应用。方法利用抗-HEV IgG和抗-HEV IgM ELISA检测试剂筛选出1份抗-HEV IgG阳性血清L9,经基因1型和4型的HEV ORF2C-端抗原及239抗原进行Western blot确认后,用WHO定量标准品,由3个实验室协作标定,利用量反应平行线法计算其抗-HEV IgG的含量。考察已标定的L9血清的稳定性,并用所标定的1.5倍系列稀释的血清对国内外6家抗-HEV IgG试剂的灵敏度进行检测。选择一灵敏度较高的试剂,在其线性范围内取L9的5个稀释度作为抗-HEV IgG抗体定量线性标准,对高、中、低浓度的3份临床血清重复检测5次,考察其重复性;对实验感染猴的系列血清中抗-HEV IgG含量进行定量检测,考核该定量线性标准品的应用效果;并对每次定量试验中的线性方程进行分析,确定相关系数r值和斜率k值的范围。结果经国内外试剂检测筛选出的阳性血清L9与基因1型和4型的HEV ORF2 C-端抗原及239抗原均有阳性反应。经协作标定,L9血清抗-HEV IgG含量为16.9U/ml。L9血清在-20℃下保存6、12、18个月,2～8℃保存24、48、96h后,定量结果均在95%置信区间内,且抗-HEV IgG含量均未明显下降。6家抗-HEVIgG检测试剂灵敏度差异较大,范围为0.03～5.00U/ml。确定L9血清从0.42U/ml开始的5个1.5倍系列稀释度,作为某一试剂抗-HEVIgG抗体定量线性标准品。利用该线性定量标准检测高、中、低浓度的3份临床血清,定量结果重复性较好;对实验感染猴系列血清进行定量检测,结果可有效地反映抗体水平变化趋势;94%的定量检测试验,r≥0.98,1.15≥k≥0.95。结论已建立了抗-HEVIgG抗体定量线性标准品,可用于疫苗免疫原性评价和流行病学调查。Objective To develop a linear quantitation standard for anti-hepatitis E virus (HEV) IgG antibody. Methods An anti-HEV IgG positive serum sample L9 was screened by using Anti-HEV IgM ELISA kit and Anti-HEV IgG ELISA kit and confirmed by Western blotting with HEV ORF2 C-terminal antigen of genotypes 1 and 4 and 239 antigen, then calibrated by 3 laboratories using WHO quantitation standard. Calculate the anti-HEV IgG content by dose-response parallel line assay, and evaluate the stability of calibrated serum sample. The sensitivities of 6 domestic and imported anti-HEV IgG ELISA kits were evaluated with the calibrated serum sample diluted 1. 5-fold serially. A linear quantitation standard for anti-HEV IgG antibody consisted of 5 dilutions of L9 within the linear determination range of a highly sensitive kit and evaluated for reproducibility by repeat test for 3 clinical serum samples, at high, moderate and low anti-HEV IgG contents respectively, for 5 times. The anti-HEV IgG contents in serum samples of HEV-infected monkeys were determined by the standard, and the determination curves were analyzed to define correlation coefficient r and slope k. Results Serum sample L9 showed positive reaction with HEV ORF2 C-terminal antigen of genotypes 1 and 4 and 239 antigen, and its anti-HEV IgG content was calibrated as 16. 9 U / ml. After storage at -20℃ for 6, 12 and 18 months or at 2 ～ 8℃ for 24, 48 and 96 h, all the quantitative determination results were within the 95% CI, and anti-HEV IgG content showed no significant decrease. The sensitivities of 6 kits evaluated with the L9 ranged from 0. 03 to 5. 00 U / ml. The linear quantitation standard for anti-HEV IgG antibody consisted of 5 dilutions of L9, starting from a concentration of 0. 42 U / ml. The determination results of 3 clinical serum samples showed good reproducibility of the standard. The determination results of sera of HEV-infected monkeys reflected the change of antibody level effectively. The r values of 94% of quantitative determination curves were not less than 0. 98, and the k values ranged from 1. 15 to 0. 95. Conclusion A linear quantitation standard for anti-HEV IgG antibody was established, which was suitable for the evaluation of immunogenicity and epidemical investigation of vaccine

Evaluation on difference of therapeutic efficacy of Jiawei Xiaoyao Granules and Pills in treatment of emotional disorder during perimenopause based on Greene Climacteric Scale

目的:在前期加味逍遥丸治疗围绝经期情绪障碍具有比较优势的基础上,基于grEEnE量表探讨其颗粒剂和丸剂不同剂型间疗效差异。方法:经筛选后患有情绪障碍的围绝经期女性75例随机等分为A、b、C3组,分别对应采用帕罗西汀、加味逍遥丸和加味逍遥颗粒剂治疗8周。所有患者在治疗前后各进行1次grEEnE及其子因子评定,并在观察期结束时进行TESS评定。结果:grEEnE总分差及其焦虑、抑郁因子分差:3种治疗方法均能改善,且相互间无显著差异;grEEnE性因子和血管因子分差:后二组均优于A组(P<0.01);TESS评分:与A组比较,b、C组均有统计学意义(P<0.01),评分均小于A组,且后二组间无显著差异。结论:加味逍遥的2种剂型间疗效无显著差异,考虑到帕罗西汀的不良反应,治疗该病加味逍遥的2种剂型都值得推荐。Objective: To investigate the difference in therapeutic efficacy between Jiawei Xiaoyao Granules and pills based on the preliminary research of treating emotional disorder during perimenopause with Jiawei Xiaoyao Pills and Greene Climacteric Scale.Methods: 75 female patients with emotional disorder during perimenopause were slected and randomly divided into 3 groups as group A, B and C.Patients in the 3 groups were treated with paroxetine, Jiawei Xiaoyao Pills and Jiawei Xiaoyao Granules respectively for 8 weeks.Greene and Greene factors assessment were carried out in all the patients before and after treatment, and the TESS assessment was carried out at the end of the observation period.Results: The three therapies all could improve the gap in total score of Greene and its factors as anxiety and depressed, and the difference among these three groups was no significant.The factors of Greene and gap in score of vascular factors of group B and C was better than that of group A(P<0.01).The difference in TESS score between group A and group B and C was significant(P<0.01), while the difference between group B and group C was not significant.Conclusion: The difference in curative effect between the two formulations was not significant.Because of the adverse reactions of paroxetine, in the treatment of emotional disorder during perimenopause, the two formulations of Jiawei Xiaoyao Powder were worth to be recommended.国家自然科学青年基金项目(No.81302960)~

Electric-field-induced selective catalysis of single-molecule reaction

随着单分子电学检测技术的迅速发展，分子电子学的研究不再局限于分子电子学器件的构筑及其电学性质的测量，而且扩展到单分子尺度化学反应过程的探索。然而目前相关的研究仍然局限于理论计算方面，在单分子尺度上实时监测和调控化学反应的活性和选择性是化学领域的长期目标和挑战。针对这一挑战，洪文晶教授课题组与程俊教授课题组合作，自主研发了精密科学仪器，将单个有机分子定向连接在两个末端尺寸为原子级的电极之间，解决了化学反应中分子取向控制的问题.理论计算结果证实了定向电场可以有效地稳定化学反应的过渡态，从而降低反应能垒。该研究工作在化学化工学院洪文晶教授、程俊教授、能源材料化学协同创新中心（iChEM）刘俊扬副研究员的共同指导下完成，由硕士研究生黄晓艳、iChEM博士研究生唐淳、博士研究生李洁琼以及兰州大学的陈力川博士作为共同第一作者，化学化工学院师佳副教授、陈招斌高级工程师、夏海平教授和田中群教授，萨本栋微纳研究院杨扬副教授、环境与生态学院白敏冬教授以及兰州大学张浩力教授参与了研究工作的讨论并给予指导，博士后乐家波、博士研究生郑珏婷、张佩（已毕业）、李瑞豪、李晓慧也参与了研究工作。Oriented external electric fields (OEEFs) offer a unique chance to tune catalytic selectivity by orienting the alignment of the electric field along the axis of the activated bond for a specific chemical reaction; however, they remain a key experimental challenge. Here, we experimentally and theoretically investigated the OEEF-induced selective catalysis in a two-step cascade reaction of the Diels-Alder addition followed by an aromatization process. Characterized by the mechanically controllable break junction (MCBJ) technique in the nanogap and confirmed by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) in bottles, OEEFs are found to selectively catalyze the aromatization reaction by one order of magnitude owing to the alignment of the electric field on the reaction axis. Meanwhile, the Diels-Alder reaction remained unchanged since its reaction axis is orthogonal to the electric fields. This orientation-selective catalytic effect of OEEFs reveals that chemical reactions can be selectively manipulated through the elegant alignment between the electric fields and the reaction axis.This work was supported by the National Key R&D Program of China (2017YFA0204902), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (21722305, 21703188, 21673195, 21621091, 51733004, 51525303, and 91745103), the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (2017M622060), and the Young Thousand Talents Project of China. 该工作得到国家自然科学基金委（21722305、21703188、21673195、51733004、51525303、91745103），国家重点研发计划课题（2017YFA0204902），中国博士后面上基金（2017M622060）的资助，以及固体表面物理化学国家重点实验室、醇醚酯化工清洁生产国家工程实验室、能源材料化学协同创新中心的支持