The influence from emotional valence on the framing effect in risk decision

风险决策中框架效应长期以来都是一个研究热点。情绪与风险决策中的框架效应之间关系紧密。但现有的关于情绪和框架效应的研究中，研究者所唤醒的情绪均为与决策背景任务无关情绪。而框架效应的理论模型大多强调情绪与决策情景的关联性，因此仅仅通过唤醒任务无关情绪并不能诠释情绪与风险决策中框架效应的关系。本研究采用与决策背景相关联的图片来唤醒被试的任务相关情绪，探究任务相关情绪对风险决策中框架效应的影响。 实验一采用积极、消极两种方式描述决策背景的文字材料和与文字材料相关的带有积极、消极性质的图片来唤醒被试任务相关情绪。 实验二在实验一的基础上，引入情绪效价和文字框架，讨论任务相关情绪对风险决策中框架效应的...Framing effects in risk decision has long been a research hot spot. There is close relationship between framing effects and emotion. But in the most of the existing studies about the relationship between framing effects and emotion, the emotion aroused by the researchers is nothing to do with the background of the tasks. But most of the theories about the risk decision emphasize the relevance of e...学位：教育学硕士院系专业：教育研究院_发展与教育心理学学号：2572012115172

企业文化生态与会计信息质量关系探讨

企业文化是在企业长久的经营中逐渐形成的较为稳定的价值观、经营理念、企业精神以及行为规范。企业文化不仅与企业的生存发展息息相关,而且与会计信息系统也有着千丝万缕的联系。会计信息的生成总是要经历一系列的人员和过程,而这些过程和人员总处在一定的企业文化影响之下的,所以会计信息质量一定要受到特定企业的特定文化所影响。而且企业文化最终一定与会计信息质量呈现出正相关的关系。企业文化层次高,会向员工传递正确的、积极向上的理念。在积极向上的企业文化氛围中,企业员工就会得到正确的引导,内部控制也会相对有效。在积极向上的企业文化氛围中,员工即使有作弊动机,也将会得到充分监督和被纠正。在人人都积极向上,人人都做该做的正确的事情情况下,会计信息质量就一定能够得到有效的保障。高质量的会计信息最终要得到

AMP依赖的蛋白激酶及PI3K/Akt信号途径在颈动脉狭窄形成过程中的变化

目的 观察AMP依赖的蛋白激酶（AMPK）及PI3K/Akt信号途径在颈动脉狭窄形成过程中的变化。方法 取SD大鼠经高脂喂养1个月后行颈总动脉球囊损伤术作为模型组（n=24）,继续喂养14 d后取损伤侧颈总动脉,行HE染色观测血管内皮损伤及内膜增生情况,应用荧光定量PCR法检测AMPK及PI3K/Akt mRNA水平,用Western印迹检测p-AMPK、PI3K、p-Akt蛋白水平,另取8只正常SD大鼠作为假手术组。结果 模型组大鼠血管内膜增生明显、管壁变厚;AMPK/PI3K/Akt mRNA及蛋白水平较假手术组显著下降（P〈0.01）。结论 AMPK/PI3K/Akt在颈动脉狭窄的病理生理进程中起到一定的作用。福州市科技计划项目（No.2012-S-155-1

Effect of Lunei Xiaoyu Decoction on Vascular Endothelial AMPK/eNOS Signal in Balloon Injury Model of Common Carotid Artery in Rats

目的观察颅内消瘀汤对大鼠颈动脉球囊损伤后血管内皮及AMPK、eNOS表达的影响,探讨其可能的作用机制。方法 32只SD大鼠随机分为假手术组、模型组、颅内消瘀汤低剂量(临床等效量)组和颅内消瘀汤高剂量(临床2倍量)组,除假手术组大鼠仅切开皮肤,其余大鼠均行颈总动脉球囊损伤术以成模。成模第4天灌胃给药,模型组及假手术组给予等体积生理盐水,连续给药14 d后取损伤侧颈总动脉,行HE染色观测血管内皮损伤及内膜增生情况,用免疫组化染色检测eNOS表达水平,并用Western blot检测总AMPK、eNOS蛋白水平。结果颈总动脉球囊损伤模型组大鼠血管内膜增生明显、管壁变厚,颅内消瘀汤低、高剂量组大鼠经治疗后损伤血管增生较模型组轻、管壁较薄;e NOS免疫组化染色:模型组阳性细胞较少,经颅内消瘀汤干预后,低、高剂量2组均有不同程度的表达,与模型组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);Western blot检测结果显示模型组总AMPK、eNOS蛋白表达下降,经颅内消瘀汤干预后,均有不同程度增加,与模型组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05或P<0.01)。结论颅内消瘀汤可通过上调AMPK/eNOS信号表达,保护大鼠颈动脉球囊损伤血管内皮的作用。OBJECTIVE To observe the effect of Lunei Xiaoyu Decoction on vascular endothelial AMPK, eNOS expression in ballon injury model of common carotid artery in rats, and to explore its possible mechanism. METHODS Thirty two SD rats were randomly divided into sham operation group, model group, low dose of Lunei Xiaoyu Decoction(dose in clinical equivalent) group and high dose of Lunei Xiaoyu Decoction(2 times the amount of clinical) group, except the sham operation group rats only skin incision, the other rats underwent carotid artery balloon injury surgery. On the 4th day after modeling, the rats were administrated orally for 14 d, model group and sham operation group were given equal volume of physiological saline. Then all the rats were killed, HE staining observation of vascular endothelial injury and intimal hyperplasia, immunohistochemistry staining was used to detect the expression level of e NOS, and Western-blot was used to detect the expression level of AMPK and eNOS. RESULTS The endometrial hyperplasia and thickness were obvious after carotid artery balloon injury in rats; and after Lunei Xiaoyu Decoction treatment, the rats' endometrial hyperplasia and thickness were improved. The expression of AMPKand e NOS was significantly higher in Lunei Xiaoyu Decoction groups compared with the model group(P<0.05 or P<0.01). CONCLUSION Lunei Xiaoyu Decoction can upregulate the expression of AMPK/e NOS signal, in order to protecting vascular endothelial after balloon injured carotid artery in rats.福州市科技计划项目(2012-S-155-1

Effect of Activating Blood and Resolving Stasis Therapy on Injuried Vascular wnt / β-catenin Signal Pathway of Rats with Carotid Atherosclerosis

目的:观察活血化瘀法对颈动脉粥样硬化血管内皮损伤模型大鼠wnt/β-catenin信号通路的影响,探讨其可能的作用机制。方法:32只SD大鼠高脂喂养1个月后,随机取8只作为假手术组(仅切开皮肤),其余大鼠均行颈总动脉球囊损伤术,成膜后再随机分为模型组(n=8只)、活血化瘀中药方中剂量(临床等效量)组(n=8只)和高剂量(临床2倍量)组(n=8只)。从术后第4天开始予以相应药物灌胃治疗(模型组、假手术组灌等量生理盐水),2周后取术侧颈总动脉段,采用实时荧光定量PCR法捡测wnt、Fz D1、AXIN1、GSK-3β、β-catenin、VEGF mRNA基因表达水平。结果:与假手术组比较,模型组wnt、Fz D1、AXIN1、β-catenin、VEGF等mRNA水平降低,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01),经活血化瘀中药方干预后,上述各基因mRNA水平均有不同程度升高,尤其是高剂量组与模型组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05~0.01);只有GSK-3βmRNA水平各组无明显差异。结论:活血化瘀法可通过上调wnt/β-catenin信号通路表达,使损伤血管VEGFmRNA基因表达水平上升,提示该法可保护颈动脉粥样硬化血管内皮损伤。Objective: To observe the effect of activating blood and resolving stasis on injuried vascular wnt / β-catenin in carotid atherosclerosis mode rats and its possible mechanism. Methods: After one-month high fat-diet,32 SD rats were randomly divided into sham operation group,model group,middle dose( dose in clinical equivalent) group and high dose of( 2 times the amount of clinical) group. Except for the sham operation group,the other rats underwent carotid artery balloon injury surgery. After 3 days of intraperitoneally administered orally,model group and sham operation group were given equal volume of physiological saline,administered continuously for 14 d. Then the expression of wnt,Fz D1,AXIN1,GSK-3β,β-catenin,VEGF mRNA in injured vascular were analyzed by real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR in all groups. Results: Compared with the sham operation group,the expression of Wnt,Fz D1,AXIN1,β-catenin,and VEGF mRNA levels in model group decreased( P < 0. 01); and after treated by activing blood and resolving stasis therapy,the expression of the above genes increased in different degrees,especially in the high dose group( P < 0. 01 ~ 0. 05); but there was no significant difference among groups on the expression of GSK-3β mRNA. Conclusion: The theapy of activating blood and resloving stasis therapy can increase the expression of VEGF mRNA of balloon injured carotid artery vascular through up-regulating wnt / β-catenin signal pathway,which suggested that it can protect the injured vascular of carotid atherosclerosis.福建省教育厅A类科技项目(编号:JA13165);; 福州市科技计划项目(编号:2012-S-155-1);; 福建中医药大学校管科研项目(编号:X2012018

会计精神塑造新论

会计行业要做到持久的繁荣,就需要会计精神来对其自身进行持久的规范。会计精神属于会计学的"上层建筑",它是会计文化的深层底蕴,充分体现了会计人的优良传统、自主意识、价值取向、精神气质、认知模式、道德与行为准则。伴随着会计学对经济、社会全面推动作用的加强,人们日益认识到了会计精神的重要性

Redistribution of iron during directional solidification of metallurgical-grade silicon at low growth rate

研究冶金级硅低速定向凝固过程中杂质铁的再分布。采用ICP-MS检测铁的浓度,绘制铁在固相、液相、晶界和晶体生长方向上的浓度示意图。铁浓度在固、液相中具有明显差异。依据质量守恒定理,计算得出溶质边界层约为4 mm,铁的有效分凝系数约为2.98×10~(-4)。在低速凝固条件下,铁容易偏析聚集在晶界。在生长方向上,由于低速凝固,铁浓度在硅锭86%高度以下几乎恒定,不完全符合Scheil方程规律。讨论了对流对铁再分布的影响,对流"死区"对铁再分布具有重要影响。Redistribution of iron during directional solidification of metallurgical-grade silicon(MG-Si) was conducted at low growth rate. Concentrations of iron were examined by ICP-MS and figured in solid and liquid phases, at grain boundary and in growth direction. Concentrations are significantly different between solid and liquid phases. The thickness of the solute boundary layer is about 4 mm verified by mass balance law, and the effective distribution coefficient is 2.98×10~(-4). Iron element easily segregates at grain boundary at low growth rate. In growth direction, concentrations are almost constant until 86% ingot height, and they do not meet the Scheil equation completely, which is caused by the low growth rate. The effect of convection on the redistribution of iron was discussed in detail. Especially, the "dead zone" of convection plays an important role in the iron redistribution.Projects(51334004,51204143)supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China;; Project(2006L2003)supported by the Scientific Technological Innovation Platform of Fujian Province,Chin

Effects of Oxytetracycline on Population Growth and Genetic Diversity of Euplotesvannus (Marine Protist)

抗生素作为一类环境污染物在海岸带生境中广泛存在,它们对海洋原生生物遗传多样性的影响还不清楚.本工作以一种海洋纤毛虫原生生物(扇形游仆虫(Euplotes vannus))为例,研究了一种常见四环类抗生素(土霉素)对其生长的影响,并通过单细胞(个体)分析,探索了抗生素对其大核基因组中核糖体小亚基RNA基因(SSU r DNA)序列多样性的影响.结果表明,与对照组相比,3个土霉素处理组(1,10和20μg/m L)中纤毛虫的自然增长率随土霉素浓度升高显著降低,细胞大小则呈增大趋势.SSU r DNA序列单倍型多样性、核苷酸多样性和GC含量随抗生素浓度升高呈现降低趋势.序列单核苷酸多态性位点的碱基转..

Spatial distribution and correlation of environmental factors andchlorophyll a concentrations in the Bohai Sea during the summer of 2013

通过对2013年7月渤海海域26个站点温度、盐度、营养盐及叶绿素a(Chl a)浓度的空间分布特征及其相关性进行了分析,发现:受渤海水深和夏季陆源河流输入影响,近岸水域表现出明显的高温、低盐与高营养盐特征,且垂直变化特征不显著;在水深较深的辽东湾湾口和渤海海峡,海水呈现明显的层化现象,表层水温高于中底层,而表层盐度与营养盐浓度则低于中底层。营养盐结构分析表明,渤海夏季磷酸盐浓度存在显著的绝对与相对限制,而受河流输入影响,硅酸盐的相对限制得到显著缓解。表层Chl a浓度的高值区位于滦河及复州河河口附近海区,中层与底层的高值区则出现在滦河与黄河口附近。Chl a浓度与环境因子的相关性分析表明,盐度..

The Role of Microorganisms in the Geochemical Iron Cycle

铁元素虽然只在地壳含量中位列第4,但却是地球上分布最广的变价金属元素之一,微生物介导的铁循环及其与生源要素碳、氮、氧和硫等耦合的氧化还原反应是微生物地球化学循环的重要驱动力.由于铁循环过程中氧化态三价铁Fe(Ⅲ)在环境p H条件下大多以不溶状态存在,因而由其参与的地球化学循环进程通常较为缓慢.研究表明,微生物在铁元素的地球化学循环过程中起着举足轻重的作用,并在该过程中参与矿物的生成与转化.近年来的最新研究发现,参与地球化学铁循环的微生物之间,微生物与矿物之间,以及矿物介导的微生物之间存在着多样的相互作用,而含铁矿物介导的微生物胞外电子传递机制是其中最受瞩目的研究热点.本文综述了微生物介导的地球..