STUDIES ON TINTINNINE CILIATES IN THE TAIWAN STRAIT (CILIOPHORA:TINTINNINA)

依据壳体形态对台湾海峡南部 0～ 4 0m水层的 4 0种砂壳纤毛虫进行了观察 ,发现其中有 3新种 ,即倪氏表纹虫EpirhabdonellanieiXu ,HongetSong ,sp .nov .,网状条纹虫RhabdonellareticulataXu ,HongetSong ,sp .nov .和钝条纹虫RhabdonellaobtusaXu ,HongetSong ,sp .nov .及 17个中国新纪录种 ,同时确定新村网纹虫FavellashintsuensisNieetCheng ,194 7为一同物异名。This paper is the first report on the Tintinnine ciliates found in the Taiwan Strait. 23 Tintinnine ciliates are described according to the morphology of lorica. Of which three species are new to science: Epirhabdonella niei sp. nov., Rhabdonella reticulata sp. nov. and Rhabdonella obtusa sp. nov. Seventeen species are first records to China: Epiplocylis ralumensis, Craterella retusa, Rhabdonella cornucopia, Rhabdonella poculum, Climatocylis scalaroides, Dictyocysta reticulata, Dadayiella acutiformis, Undella ostenfeldi, U.turgida, Proplectella perpusilla, P.claparèdei, Amphorella amphora, A.qudrilineata, Parundella aculeate, Salpingella minutissima, Eutintinnus apertus, Eutintinnus stramentus. Based on the present studies, Favella shintsuensis Nie et Cheng, 1947 has been synonymised with Favella azorica(Cleve, 1900) Joergensen, 1924. Type specimens are deposited in Lugol′s Fixation in the Laboratory of Protozoology, Ocean University of Qingdao, China.1 Epirhabdonella niei Xu, Hong et Song, sp. nov. (Fig.13)\; Syn.:Protorhabdonella simplex sensu Nie et Cheng, 1947\; Diagnosis.Lorica conical, composed of a short annulated collar (circumoral crest) and a bowl; oral margin rounded, entire; circumoral crest very low, slightly contracting, with 2-3 annular rings; bowl widest at anterior 1/3 of total length and conical posteriorly; wall hyaline, with 5-6 uniformly subvertical ribs, running from nuchal shoulder to aboral end. Total length 58-61*!μm, width ca. 38\|41*!μm, oral diameter ca. 35\|37*!μm. Distribution. Specimens collected from the surface waters in the south of the Taiwan Strait and also distributed in the coastal waters of Hainan Province, China; rare. Remarks. The new species can be distinguished from the closely related species Epirhabdonella mucronata Kofoid et Campbell, 1939 by 2 to 3 annular rings of circumoral crest (vs. no annular ring). The morphology of the new species corresponds with the organism described by Nie and Cheng (1947), which was incorrectly assigned to Protorhabdonella simplex (Cleve, 1900). According to Kofoid et Campbell, (1939), Epirhabdonella differs from Protorhabdonella in addition of oral crest to circumoral region, which was present in Nie et Cheng′s population. The difference between Nie et Cheng′s and our populations only lies in the high number of subvertical ribs in the former (10 vs. 5\|6). The authors regard this as interspecies variation. The new species is therefore named in honor of the distinguished Chinese protozoologist, Dr. Nie Dashu.2 Rhabdonella reticulata Xu, Hong et Song, sp. nov. (Figs.6a, b) Syn.:Rhabdonella cornucopia sensu Souto, 1981 Diagnosis.Lorica distinctly conical vase-shaped, consisting of a bowl and an aboral horn; bowl hyaline with faint prismatic structure and striae, and expanding slightly at anterior 1/4 length of lorica, while rapidly to an aboral point in the posterior region; length of bowl about 85-100*!μm; oral rim 4-5*!μm higher than lip; ribs very faint with more than 10 in number, terminated at the joint of bowl and horn; fenestrae distinct, dense and open; aboral horn ahyaline, length of horn ca. 30-40*!μm. Total length 125-136*!μm, oral rim 45-53*!μm. Distribution. Commonly distributed at 0-30*!m depth waters in the south of the Taiwan Strait. Remarks. The morphology of the new species corresponds well with that of a population described by Souto (1981), however Souto confused this species with Rhabdonella cornucopia Kofoid et Campbell, 1929. This new species differs from the latter in the presence of distinct fenestrae, which is absent in Rhabdonella cornucopia.3 Rhabdonella obtusa Xu, Hong et Song, sp. nov. (Figs.18a, b) Diagnosis. Lorica conical cup-shaped, consisting of a bowl and an aboral horn; bowl hyaline with faint striae, and nearly equal in width at anterior 1/2 length of lorica, while gradually sharpening to an aboral point in the posterior region; oral rim 3-5*!μm higher than lip; ribs very faint and densely arranged, terminated at the joint of bowl an国家自然科学重点基金课题 (编号 4 963 62 2 0 );; 国家自然科学基金课题 (编号 4 97763 0 8)资

进展中的原生动物学研究热点领域与新格局

原生动物是一大类动物性单细胞真核生物.其高度特化的细胞结构与生理特征,独具的进化地位以及与环境、资源、人类健康和动物疾病间的密切关系,特别是其兼具的&ldquo;细胞&rdquo;与&ldquo;动物&rdquo;这个二元性统一体特性,使得以原生动物为模式或对象的研究在以细胞学、遗传学、适应与进化为代表的基础生物学、环境生物学、人类的健康与疾病防治、水产养殖及畜牧业等应用学科均具有十分广泛的科学意义和重要的应用价值.半个多世纪以来,伴随着研究队伍的不断壮大和发展,我国的原生动物学研究从早期经典的分类学、寄生虫学、生态学,逐步拓展到今天全面、深入地涉足涵盖基础与应用生物学各学科分支领域.在最近的几十年中,我国聚焦在海洋纤毛虫的多样性与系统学、表观遗传学、细胞生物学、比较基因组学、以寄生原虫为核心的免疫生物学、病害生物学、以鞭毛虫为核心的进化生物学、以海淡水纤毛虫和阿米巴等为核心的原生动物生态学等方向并取得了全面和长足的进展,许多代表性成果处于该领域国际前沿水平.本文扼要陈述了我国原生动物学各主流团队近年来的工作进展,介绍了该领域当前的研究热点和前沿性科学问题,同时对相关领域未来的发展进行了前瞻性描绘和规划.</p

进展中的原生动物学研究热点领域与新格局

原生动物是一大类动物性单细胞真核生物.其高度特化的细胞结构与生理特征,独具的进化地位以及与环境、资源、人类健康和动物疾病间的密切关系,特别是其兼具的“细胞”与“动物”这个二元性统一体特性,使得以原生动物为模式或对象的研究在以细胞学、遗传学、适应与进化为代表的基础生物学、环境生物学、人类的健康与疾病防治、水产养殖及畜牧业等应用学科均具有十分广泛的科学意义和重要的应用价值.半个多世纪以来,伴随着研究队伍的不断壮大和发展,我国的原生动物学研究从早期经典的分类学、寄生虫学、生态学,逐步拓展到今天全面、深入地涉足涵盖基础与应用生物学各学科分支领域.在最近的几十年中,我国聚焦在海洋纤毛虫的多样性与系统学、表观遗传学、细胞生物学、比较基因组学、以寄生原虫为核心的免疫生物学、病害生物学、以鞭毛虫为核心的进化生物学、以海淡水纤毛虫和阿米巴等为核心的原生动物生态学等方向并取得了全面和长足的进展,许多代表性成果处于该领域国际前沿水平.本文扼要陈述了我国原生动物学各主流团队近年来的工作进展,介绍了该领域当前的研究热点和前沿性科学问题,同时对相关领域未来的发展进行了前瞻性描绘和规划