光色和光照周期对大西洋鲑银化期生长及生理的影响

为探讨大西洋鲑(Salmo salar)银化期间光色和光照周期对其生长及生理的影响,采用单因素分析法,设计3种光照周期和3种光源颜色,在红光条件下,设置24 h开灯(24L∶0D)(全光照)、24 h关灯(0L∶24D)(无光照)以及12 h开灯12 h关灯(12L∶12D)(半光照)3种光照周期,在半光照条件下,设置红光、白光和蓝光3种LED光源颜色。试验周期为4个月,测定各组大西洋鲑的生长性能指标及血清生化指标。结果显示,半光照时,大西洋鲑的日增重和特定生长率显著高于无光照组(P<0.05),而饲料系数显著低于其他两组(P<0.05)。光源颜色对大西洋鲑银化期的生长具有显著影响(P<0.05),采用红光时,大西洋鲑的日增重最高,白光组次之,蓝光组最低,而饲料系数呈现相反的规律。盐度耐受试验表明,半光照组的死亡率为10%,显著低于其他两组(P<0.05),而红光组死亡率约为10%,显著低于白光组和蓝光组(P<0.05)。血清指标分析表明,半光照组的钠离子和氯离子含量低于其他两组,说明该组的大西洋鲑在海水中具备了渗透压调节的能力。综上,红光光源半光照为大西洋鲑银化期的适宜养殖条件

光色和光照周期对大西洋鲑银化期生长及生理的影响

为探讨大西洋鲑(Salmo salar)银化期间光色和光照周期对其生长及生理的影响,采用单因素分析法,设计3种光照周期和3种光源颜色,在红光条件下,设置24 h开灯(24L∶0D)(全光照)、24 h关灯(0L∶24D)(无光照)以及12 h开灯12 h关灯(12L∶12D)(半光照)3种光照周期,在半光照条件下,设置红光、白光和蓝光3种LED光源颜色。试验周期为4个月,测定各组大西洋鲑的生长性能指标及血清生化指标。结果显示,半光照时,大西洋鲑的日增重和特定生长率显著高于无光照组(P<0.05),而饲料系数显著低于其他两组(P<0.05)。光源颜色对大西洋鲑银化期的生长具有显著影响(P<0.05),采用红光时,大西洋鲑的日增重最高,白光组次之,蓝光组最低,而饲料系数呈现相反的规律。盐度耐受试验表明,半光照组的死亡率为10%,显著低于其他两组(P<0.05),而红光组死亡率约为10%,显著低于白光组和蓝光组(P<0.05)。血清指标分析表明,半光照组的钠离子和氯离子含量低于其他两组,说明该组的大西洋鲑在海水中具备了渗透压调节的能力。综上,红光光源半光照为大西洋鲑银化期的适宜养殖条件

Activation Effect of Nano-Carbon Derived from CO2 on Lead Electrode in Sulfuric Aqueous Solution

负极板硫酸盐化是铅酸蓄电池早期容量下降、提前失效的主要原因之一. 利用碳材料制备活化剂加入电池电解液中，可以有效减少或修复不可逆硫酸盐化现象. 本文研究了一种新型高导电纳米碳材料—CO2高温熔盐电化学转化制备碳粉，对硫酸盐化铅盘电极的活化效果，结果表明，新型碳粉对于铅盘电极电量和电流效率的提升效果比乙炔黑和碳纳米管更显著，在一定浓度范围内对析氢无影响，碳粉的存在提高了电极活性物质间的导电性，并可在其表面吸附富集铅离子和提供还原位点，从而促进硫酸铅的溶解、抑制大颗粒硫酸盐晶体的产生，表明CO2高温熔盐资源化转化制备的碳粉作为一种新的铅蓄电池碳材料活化剂具有较好的发展潜力.Serious sulfation of the negative plate is one of the most popular reasons of the early failure of lead-acid battery. Addition of nano-carbon was proved to be effective for recovering the sulfated electrode and the property of the carbon material always plays an important role. In this work, a new kind of nano-carbon material with high electrical conductivity and good adsorption capability for heavy metal cations, which is electrochemically prepared from&nbsp;CO2 in molten carbonates, was tested as activation additive for the sulfated lead electrode by cyclic voltammetry and SEM measurements. The results showed that the as-prepared carbon can effectively enhance the activity of the sulphated lead electrode, super to acid-treated acetylene black and carbon nanotubes at the same concentration. No serious hydrogen evolution took place when the concentration of carbon was not higher than 1 g&bull;L-1. It was also found that its activation effect is strongly dependent of its concentration in the solution. Based on the test results and SEM analysis, a possible activation mechanism of the carbon was proposed. The adsorption of the carbon powder at the surface and interface of the PbSO4 particles can enhance the conductivity of the electrode, promote the dissolution of the sulfate crystals through its capacity of the absorption of plumbous ions and provide more active site for reduction and oxidation. However, too much adsorbed carbon will block the pathway of ions transportation within the porous electrode. The results suggest that the carbon powder derived from&nbsp;CO2 could be a new kind of activator for the electrode of lead acid battery.科技部国际科技合作专项（电网2015DFA90750）、湖北省自然科学基金创新群体项目（2015CFA017）和国家电网总部科研项目资助作者联系地址：1.武汉大学资源与环境科学学院，湖北，武汉，430072；2.河南省电力公司电力科学研究院，河南，郑州，450052；3.江苏华富储能新技术股份有限公司，高邮，江苏， 225600Author's Address: 1.School of Resource and Environmental Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, Hubei, China；2.Electric Power Research Institute of Henan Electric Power Corporation, Zhengzhou 450052, Henan, China；3.Jiangsu Fu Hua New Technology of Energy Storage co., LTD., Gaoyou , 225600 Jiangsu, China通讯作者E-mail：[email protected]