展望分子海洋药物学

随着现代生物技术的发展,海洋药物的研究已达到分子水平。本文从海洋药用生物的鉴定及其分类进化、分子遗传标记育种、外源药物基因表达、病虫害防治、药用有效成分的代谢调控、海洋生物药物功能基因的研究和开发等六个方面对分子海洋药物学进行了概述和展望

John Fryer and The Translator’s Vade-mecum: the identification of the “Vocabulary of Terms in Naval Architecture"

John Fryer was one of the most important foreign translators in China after the Opium Wars. The work that is the final result of his experience at the Jiangnan Arsenal is The Translator’s Vade-mecum. Among the preparatory manuscripts of the glossaries that were published in the Vade-mecum, the author has identified the “Vocabulary of Terms in Naval Architecture.” The purpose of this article is to examine the main features of the Vocabulary, its sources and the peculiarities of the manuscript. In the first and second sections, the Vade-mecum is concisely analysed; providing numerous references and simultaneously sketching an outlook of the production and circulation of knowledge in the period considered, the author presents theoretical discussions concerning the norms of translation applied in the Vade-mecum, its purpose and the patronage of the translation activity. In the third and main section, studying the historical significance and linguistic quality of some of the translated terms annotated in the “Vocabulary,” the author compares its terminology with the concurrent Japanese one and with other Chinese relevant nomenclatures, demonstrating the complicate interaction in the “Vocabulary” between lexical innovation and recovery of existing terms