Study on Speciation and Distribution of Phosphorus in Waters and Sediments of Tonkin Gulf in Summer

本文测定了2006年7月~8月北部湾海域水样和表层沉积物中各种形态磷的含量，研究了水体和沉积物中各种形态磷的分布变化特征及其与环境因子的相关性，探讨了磷的来源、迁移与转化规律。取得如下主要的研究结果：（1）水体无机磷（DIP），溶解有机磷（DOP）、颗粒磷（PP）和总磷（TP）平均含量分别为0.32μmol/L，0.86μmol/L、0.53μmol/L和1.74μmol/L。DIP、DOP和PP分别占TP的（23％±4％），（31％±16％）和（46％±23％）。DIP和PP可互相转化，且PP可转化为DOP。（2）水体DIP在真光层（水深﹤10m）主要受陆源输入影响，真光层以下（水深﹥10m...Based on the environmental investigation during July ～ August, 2006 in Tonkin Gulf, the speciation of phosphorus in the waters and in the surface sediment were determinated. By analyzing the distribution of different speciation of phosphorus and relationship between environmental factors and different speciation of phosphorus in the waters and in the surface sediment, the source of phosphorus, and...学位：理学硕士院系专业：海洋与环境学院海洋学系_海洋化学学号：2005130216

基于切向超滤技术的胶体有机碳和无机氮分离及物源初探

利用切向超滤技术对九龙江口天然水体中胶体相(1 kDa～0. 45μm)、真溶解相(<1 kDa)和\"溶解相\"(<0. 45μm)的溶解有机碳和无机氮进行了分离与提取,初步探讨了水环境因子对其理化特性的影响机制,进而探讨了它们的来源和转化.结果表明,切向超滤过程的膜空白和质量平衡符合技术要求;溶解有机碳、亚硝酸盐氮、氨氮、硝酸盐氮和无机氮存在形式以真溶液相(<1 kDa)为主,其在胶体相中的质量浓度分别为0. 207～0. 810 mg/dm3、0. 001～1. 870μg/dm3、ND～2. 08μg/dm3、0. 62～79. 30μg/dm3和1. 07～81. 10μg/dm3;胶体态溶解有机碳(COC)含量主要受陆源输入控制.国家海洋局海洋公益性行业科研专项资助项目(201505034-4);;福建省科学技术厅公益专项资助项目(2015R1003-12

Study on the geochemical behavior of phosphorus in sediments of Northern Tonkin Gulf

对2006年7月北部湾北部海区调查过程中采集的表层沉积物运用SEDEX方法进行了系统的总磷及其磷赋存形态分析.把磷(P)分为6种赋存形态:弱吸附态(Ads-P)、铁结合态(Fe-P)、自生磷灰石及钙结合态(Ca-P)、碎屑态(De-P)、有机态(OPS)及硅酸盐态(SIF-P).结合上覆水的环境参数,讨论了磷的地球化学行为特征.研究表明,沉积物是上覆水体颗粒磷(PP)的汇,而不是上覆水体溶解态总磷(DTP)的源,沉积物中的P具有保守性;TPS、Fe-P和OPs具有亲大陆性;盐度(S)是影响Fe-P、OPS、SIF-P的含量变化的重要因子;Ca-P、De-P、SIF-P是沉积物中的"惰性磷,"Ads-P、Fe-P、OPS为沉积物中的"活性磷";海区P的主要循环路径可以描述为:PP OPS→SIF-P→Fe-P→IPS.Total phosphorus and its related forms in the surface sediments of northern Beibuwan Bay were analyzed with SEDEX methods.To determine the geochemistry characters of phosphorus in this region,6 different phosphorus(Ads-P,Fe-P,OPS,Ca-P,De-P and SIF-P) in occurrence,origin and geochemical features were studied.Combining environmental parameters of the overlying waters,the geochemical behavior of phosphorus in the surface sediment was discussed.The results show that the particle phosphorus(PP) of overlying waters sink into the surface sediments,but surface sediments is not the source of total dissolved phosphorus(DTP) of overlying waters.The phosphorus in the sediments of northern Beibuwan Bay is conservative.The concentrations of TPS,Fe-P and OPS are apparently influenced by terrigenous inputs but that of Fe-P,OPS,SIF-P are mostly affected by salinity of overlying waters.Ca-P,De-P and SIF-P is the "inert phosphorus" while Ads-P,Fe-P and OPS is the "reactive phosphorus" in the surface sediments.The most important route for phosphorus cycle in the northern Beibuwan Bay can be described as: PPOPS→SIF-P →Fe-P→IPS.国家908专项资助项目(908-01-ST09

Distribution Characteristics of Phosphorus and Its Environmental Significance in the Surface Sediments of Southern Tonkin Gulf

采用SEDEX方法对2006年7月北部湾南部海区调查过程中采集的表层沉积物中的总磷(TP)及各种磷的赋存形态进行了系统性分析,同时结合沉积物及上覆水的环境参数,讨论了磷的地球化学特征.磷(P)的6种地球化学赋存形态分为:弱吸附态(Ads-P)、铁结合态(Fe-P)、自生磷灰石及钙结合态(Ca-P)、碎屑态(De-P)、有机态(OP)及硅酸盐态(SIF-P).研究表明,沉积物的TP主要源于海区内部生物地球化学过程,陆源输入影响较弱,具有保守性;Ca-P是上覆水体中活性磷酸盐(DIP)的汇;SIF-P是上覆水体中颗粒磷(PP)的汇;沉积物的粒度(GSL)是控制P形态含量重要因子;盐度(S)是影响Fe-P的含量变化的重要因子;Ca-P、De-P、SIF-P是沉积物中的"惰性磷",Ads-P、Fe-P、OP是沉积物中的"活性磷".Total phosphorus and its related forms in the surface sediments of Southern Tonkin Gulf were systematically analyzed by SEDEX method.Along with environmental parameters of sediments and overlying waters,the geochemistry characters of phosphorus were discussed.Six different geochemistry existing forms of phosphorus were Ads-P,Fe-P,OP,Ca-P,De-P and SIF-P.The results showed that the total phosphorus(TP) mainly came from biogeochemical processes of Sea Area,which was weakly influenced by terrestrial input,thus often remained constant.Ca-P and SIF-P were the sinks of the active phosphorus(DIP) and the particle phosphorus(PP) of overlying waters,relatively.Grain size(GLS) was the key factor controlling the concentrations of phosphorus in the sediment,while the concentrations of Fe-P were mainly affected by the salinity of overlying waters.Ca-P、De-P,SIF-P were the "inert phosphorus" of the surface sediments,while Ads-P,Fe-P,OP were regarded as the "reactive phosphorus".国家908专项基金(908-01-ST09)资

Distribution of Dissolved Free Amino Acids and Its Relationships with Environment Factors in Winter in Beibu Gulf

对北部湾海域冬季水体溶解游离氨基酸(DFAA)的分布特征及其影响因素进行了分析.结果表明:(1)冬季北部湾海域DFAA含量各层的平面分布较为均匀,在0.17～1.73μmol/L之间,263个样品DFAA浓度平均值为0.36±0.13μmol/L;(2)DFAA含量的垂直分布规律较为明显,随深度增加而增加;(3)DFAA与海水中的3种无机氮盐(NO3-N,NO2-N及NH4-N)呈正相关.与表层和底层溶解氧(DO)浓度不相关;(4)沿岸区DFAA浓度受外界影响较为明显(尤其在昌化江入海处),海区的游离氨基酸浓度与该海域典型渔场有明显的相关性,生物效应可能是影响该海域DFAA含量的主要因素.Distribution of dissolved free amino acids(DFAA) and its relationships with some environmental factors in winter waters of Beibu Gulf were studied.The results showed that the concentration range of DFAA was 0.17～1.73 μmol/L and the average concentration of DFAA for 263 samples was 0.36±0.13 μmol/L.The vertical distributions of DFAA concentrations showed a slight increase with the increase of depth.The concentrations of DFAA were moderately correlated with the dissolved inorganic nitrogen(including NO3-N﹑NO2-N and NH4N),but there was no correlation with concentrations of DO in bottom and surface waters.The DFAA in coastal zone were apparently influenced by terrestrial inputs,especially Changhua River estuary.The correlation between free amino acids in the whole areas and the typical sea fisheries was significant,suggesting biological effects maybe the main factors controlling the distribution of DFAA in this area.我国近海海洋综合调查与评价(908专项)资

Research of nitrification in coastal water of Meizhou Bay—— [~(15)N]ammonium oxidation method

本文利用15n-nH4+氧化法对湄洲湾近岸水体的硝化作用进行深入研究。结果表明,湄洲湾近岸水体硝化速率范围在0.51~4.60μMOl·l-1·d-1。养殖区附近较高的硝化速率,有利于海水对nH4+-n污染物的自净作用,当水体硝化作用强烈时,水中的nO-3的浓度也随之升高,表明海水中nO-3主要来自于细菌的硝化作用。湄洲湾海水nH4+-n的周转时间在1~9 d,表层水体的nH4+-n转化时间高于底层水。硝化作用转化nH4+为nO-2,并最终转化为nO-3,减少了nH3-n及nH4+-n对近岸养殖系统中生物的危害。These studies were conducted to estimate nitrification in coastal water of Meizhou Bay by [15N]ammonium oxidation method.The nitrification rate of 0.51 ～ 4.60 μmol·L-1·d-1were recorded,and the higher nitrification rate in water close to aquaculture area were propitious to ammonium self-purification.Higher nitrification rate was observed at high NO-3concentration water column,which showed NO-3 produced mostly from nitrification.The biological turnover times for NH+4 were short( 1 ～ 9 d) in coastal water of Meizhou Bay with the longer turnover times in surface seawater.Nitrification transformed NH+4 to NO-2,final to NO-3,reducing the harm to organisms of coastal aquaculture system resulted from NH3-N and NH+4-N.福建省专项基金(2005021477); 福建省自然科学基金(D0610020