Reversible One- to Two- to Three-Dimensional Transformation in Cu[II] Coordination Polymer

A reversible transformation between 1D, 2D, and 3D is demonstrated for the first time in coordination polymers comprising Cu[II] ions and bidentate terephthalate (BDC²⁻). 1D uniform chains were reversibly transformed into 2D layers with the construction of Cu-paddlewheels by eliminating water molecules. 2D/3D reversible transformation was achieved by removing/rebinding N, N-dimethylformamide coordinated to the paddlewheels. These dimensional transformations significantly changed chemical and physical properties such as gas sorption and magnetism. Although the uptake in open-framework 1D and 2D Cu-BDC was insignificant, pronounced absorption was observed for 3D Cu-BDC. Drastic difference in magnetic behavior is consistent with their coordination structures; uniform 1D chain of Cu[II] in 1D Cu-BDC and 2D sheet based on Cu[II]-paddlewheel dimers in 2D Cu-BDC. Ferromagnetic behavior observed in air-exposed 3D Cu-BDC is attributed to the 3D structure formed by the connection of 2D sheets

Analysis of the Association between Intestinal Microflora and Long-lived Elderly People

The intestinal microbiota is the cornerstone of the human intestinal microecosystem and plays an unnegligible role in the growth and health maintenance of the human body. In recent years, many studies have been committed to exploring the potential connection of gut flora and the elderly population. The changes of gut flora are affected by various factors such as age increase, disease, medication, living habits, nutritional structure, and the intestinal flora is expected to be applied to the comprehensive evaluation of elderly health and longevity in the future. Based on this, the research progress of the general elderly and its related influencing factors

Clinical research, mechanisms, and prospects of flavonoids from Herba Patriniae in the treatment of colorectal cancer

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a common and aggressive malignancy of the gastrointestinal tract with a severe disease burden. The role of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) and its natural active ingredients in enhancing the therapeutic effects of radiotherapy and chemotherapy and preventing the recurrence and metastasis of CRC has been increasingly recognized. Herba Patriniae has shown significant clinical efficacy for the treatment of CRC. Flavonoids has been found to be one of the main active anticancer components of Herba Patriniae. This review summarizes the latest findings from clinical trials and in vitro studies on anticancer mechanisms of Herba Patriniae, and discusses the role of the flavonoids in combination therapy against CRC. These flavonoids exert anticancer effects through diverse mechanisms. For instance, they prevent the development of precancerous lesions, regulate the cell cycle, modulate CRC cell proliferation, promote tumor cell apoptosis, inhibite epithelial-mesenchymal transition, reverse drug resistance, and modulate gut microbiota by acting on several key signaling pathways, such as PI3K/Akt/mTOR, Wnt/β-catenin, and EGFR/ERK/MAPK. Future research should prioritize clarifying the specific dosage and safety of flavonoids under different pathological conditions, further conducting large-scale, rigorously designed clinical studies to determine the efficacy differences of flavonoids for patients with different pathological types of CRC and simultaneously delving into the mechanisms of their anti-colorectal cancer effects, as well as their interactions with the intestinal microbiota and tumor microenvironment

Impact of statin use on short- and long-term outcomes in patients with sepsis-induced myocardial injury: insights from the MIMIC-IV database

BackgroundSepsis-induced myocardial injury (SIMI) is a critical complication of sepsis, marked by high mortality rates, and lacks effective treatments. The impact of statin therapy on mortality in SIMI patients remains unclear. This study aims to explore the association between statin use and mortality in SIMI patients, focusing on both short-term and long-term outcomes.MethodsA retrospective cohort study was conducted by extracting SIMI patient information from the Medical Information Mart for Intensive Care IV (MIMIC-IV) database. Patients were categorized into statin and non-statin groups. A 1:1 nearest propensity-score matching (PSM) was used to balance baseline characteristics. Survival outcomes were assessed using Kaplan-Meier analysis and robust Cox proportional hazards models to understand the effects of statin use, type and dosage on mortality at 28 days, 90 days, and 1 year. E-Value analysis was used for unmeasured confounding.ResultsA total of 2,246 patients meeting SIMI criteria were enrolled in the final cohort, with 17.9% receiving statins during their ICU stay. Statin use was associated with significantly lower mortality at all time points, as shown by Kaplan-Meier analysis. In multivariable robust Cox regression models, statin therapy correlated with a 32% reduction in 28-day mortality (HR = 0.68, 95% CI: 0.49–0.94), a 29% reduction at 90 days (HR = 0.71, 95% CI: 0.54–0.93), and a 28% reduction at 1 year (HR = 0.72, 95% CI: 0.58–0.90), maintaining significance after adjustment for confounders. Simvastatin was particularly effective, and low-dose statins were linked to reduced mortality risk. Subgroup analyses suggested consistent statin benefits. E-Value analysis suggested robustness to unmeasured confounding.ConclusionOur study demonstrates that statin use is significantly associated with reduced mortality in SIMI patients across 28 days, 90 days, and 1 year. Simvastatin provides substantial benefits, with low-dose statins providing greater advantages compared to high-dose formulations

Psychometric evaluation of the cardiac rehabilitation adherence scale in patients with coronary heart disease: an observational study

BackgroundCardiac rehabilitation has showed the potential to improve health outcomes of patients with coronary heart disease. However, the adherence of patients participating in cardiac rehabilitation is unsatisfactory due to some barriers. The quantitative instrument for measuring cardiac rehabilitation adherence is scarce. Hence, the purpose of this study was to develop a scientific tool and assess its psychometric properties in patients with coronary heart diseaseMaterial and MethodsThe psychometric properties of the revised scale were tested with 509 patients. Item analysis was conducted to evaluate the discrimination and homogeneity of the scale. Content validity was evaluated by content validity index and Exploratory factor analyses and confirmatory factor analyses were used to examine the factor structure of the scale. Reliability was evaluated by Cronbach's coefficients and split-half reliability coefficients.ResultsA scale covering five dimensions and thirty-three items was developed for evaluating cardiac rehabilitation adherence. The content validity index of the scale was 0.96. In exploratory factor analysis, a five-factor structure model was confirmed, explaining 71.255% of the total variation. In confirmatory factor analysis, the five- factor structure was supported by appropriate fitting indexes. In terms of reliability, the Cronbach's α coefficient of the scale was 0.909 and the spilt-half reliability coefficient of the scale was 0.765.ConclusionThe newly developed self-completion scale is reliable and valid. It appears to be a sound instrument for nurses and a broader range of healthcare professionals to effectively evaluate the cardiac rehabilitation adherence

Bismuth-induced phase control of GaAs nanowires grown by molecular beam epitaxy

In this work, the crystal structure of GaAs nanowires grown by molecular beam epitaxy has been tailored only by bismuth without changing the growth temperature and V/III flux ratio. The introduction of bismuth can lead to the formation of zinc-blende GaAs nanowires, while the removal of bismuth changes the structure into a 4H polytypism before it turns back to the wurtzite phase eventually. The theoretical calculation shows that it is the steadiest for bismuth to adsorb on the GaAs(111) B surface compared to the liquid gold catalyst surface and the interface between the gold catalyst droplet and the nanowire, and these adsorbed bismuth could decrease the diffusion length of adsorbed Ga and hence the supersaturation of Ga in the gold catalyst droplet. (C) 2014 AIP Publishing LLC

Abnormal cerebellar activity and connectivity alterations of the cerebellar-limbic system in post-stroke cognitive impairment: a study based on resting state functional magnetic resonance imaging

BackgroundStroke is an important cause of cognitive impairment. Post-stroke cognitive impairment (PSCI) is a prevalent psychiatric disorder following stroke. However, the effects of PSCI on the cerebellum remain mostly unknown.MethodsA total of 31 PSCI patients and 31 patients without cognitive impairment after stroke were included in this study. The Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) and the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) were administered to all participants. Analyses of ALFF, fALFF, and ReHo were employed to investigate alterations in brain neuronal activity, while limbic connectivity analysis was utilized to reflect changes within the abnormal connections within brain regions.ResultsWe found that ALFF values were increased in Cerebelum_7b_R, Cerebelum_Crus1_L. fALFF values were increased in Vermis_3. The ReHo values were increased in Cerebelum_8_R, Cerebelum_Crus2_R, Cerebelum_Crus1_L. The functional connection between Frontal_Mid_Orb_L and Cerebelum_Crus2_R brain regions was decreased. The functional connection between Hippocampus_L and Cerebelum_Crus2_R brain regions was decreased. The functional connection between Vermis_3 and Frontal_Med_Orb_L brain regions was decreased.ConclusionThe severity of cognitive impairment may influence the extent of functional connectivity disruption between the cerebellum and the limbic system. Furthermore, atypical alterations in neuronal activity within cerebellar regions are associated with cognitive decline

Real-time Monitoring for the Next Core-Collapse Supernova in JUNO

Core-collapse supernova (CCSN) is one of the most energetic astrophysical events in the Universe. The early and prompt detection of neutrinos before (pre-SN) and during the SN burst is a unique opportunity to realize the multi-messenger observation of the CCSN events. In this work, we describe the monitoring concept and present the sensitivity of the system to the pre-SN and SN neutrinos at the Jiangmen Underground Neutrino Observatory (JUNO), which is a 20 kton liquid scintillator detector under construction in South China. The real-time monitoring system is designed with both the prompt monitors on the electronic board and online monitors at the data acquisition stage, in order to ensure both the alert speed and alert coverage of progenitor stars. By assuming a false alert rate of 1 per year, this monitoring system can be sensitive to the pre-SN neutrinos up to the distance of about 1.6 (0.9) kpc and SN neutrinos up to about 370 (360) kpc for a progenitor mass of 30$M_{\odot}$ for the case of normal (inverted) mass ordering. The pointing ability of the CCSN is evaluated by using the accumulated event anisotropy of the inverse beta decay interactions from pre-SN or SN neutrinos, which, along with the early alert, can play important roles for the followup multi-messenger observations of the next Galactic or nearby extragalactic CCSN.Comment: 24 pages, 9 figure

Detection of the Diffuse Supernova Neutrino Background with JUNO

As an underground multi-purpose neutrino detector with 20 kton liquid scintillator, Jiangmen Underground Neutrino Observatory (JUNO) is competitive with and complementary to the water-Cherenkov detectors on the search for the diffuse supernova neutrino background (DSNB). Typical supernova models predict 2-4 events per year within the optimal observation window in the JUNO detector. The dominant background is from the neutral-current (NC) interaction of atmospheric neutrinos with 12C nuclei, which surpasses the DSNB by more than one order of magnitude. We evaluated the systematic uncertainty of NC background from the spread of a variety of data-driven models and further developed a method to determine NC background within 15\% with {\it{in}} {\it{situ}} measurements after ten years of running. Besides, the NC-like backgrounds can be effectively suppressed by the intrinsic pulse-shape discrimination (PSD) capabilities of liquid scintillators. In this talk, I will present in detail the improvements on NC background uncertainty evaluation, PSD discriminator development, and finally, the potential of DSNB sensitivity in JUNO