电动汽车用减速器传动效率影响因素研究

减速器传动效率是影响整个传动系统效率的主要因素，建立减速器传动效率模型，并对其影响因素进行分析，对于提升电动汽车用减速器传动效率意义重大。针对电动汽车用减速器的特点，分析了齿轮啮合损失、轴承损失、搅油风阻损失和油封损失4种因素对传动效率的影响，建立了传动效率计算模型，开展了润滑油、转速及转矩对电动汽车用单挡二级减速器传动效率影响的理论研究；搭建高速三轴综合性能检测台架，开展了模型精度及传动效率影响因素的正交试验研究。结果表明，所建模型的仿真结果最大相对误差为-0.59%，优于ISO/TR 14179—1：2001的-1.75%；随着转速增加，传动效率逐渐降低，对传动效率的影响程度最大；随着转矩增大，传动效率逐渐提升；润滑油温度越低，传动效率越低；润滑油牌号对传动效率影响不明显，润滑油黏度越小，传动效率越高，对传动效率的影响程度最小

蒙脱土对植物油脱色效果的综合评价Comprehensive evaluation of the bleaching effect of montmorillonite on vegetable oil

为了开发高效、环保的食用油脱色剂，以一种环保方法（半干法）生产的蒙脱土为研究对象，研究其在不同脱色条件（脱色温度、脱色时间和脱色剂添加量）下对大豆油、葵花籽油和菜籽油品质的影响。结果表明：该蒙脱土具有吸附色素和过氧化物从而降低油脂红值和过氧化值的作用，与脱色前相比，大豆油、葵花籽油和菜籽油的红值最大降幅分别为77.4%、92.3%和87.2%，过氧化值最大降幅分别为82.7%、83.2%和91.2%；蒙脱土用于3种植物油的脱色，植物油中总甾醇和总生育酚含量下降，而酸值总体上缓慢上升。进一步研究发现，在相同的脱色条件下，蒙脱土对大豆油、葵花籽油和菜籽油的酸值、总甾醇含量和吸油率的影响结果均优于活性白土，尤其是吸油率几乎是活性白土的一半。蒙脱土可替代活性白土用于对色泽要求不是很高的植物油脱色中。 The effects of montmorillonite produced with the semi-dry method on the qualities of soybean oil, sunflower seed oil and rapeseed oil under different bleaching conditions (bleaching temperature, bleaching time and dosage) were investigated to develop an efficient and environmentally friendly bleaching agent for edible oil. The results showed that the bleaching agent(montmorillonite) had the function of adsorbing pigments and peroxides to reduce red value and peroxide value. Compared with oils before bleaching, the red value of soybean oil, sunflower seed oil and rapeseed oil was decreased by 774%, 92.3% and 87.2% (the largest reduction), respectively, the peroxide value was decreased by 827%, 832% and 912% (the largest reduction), respectively. When montmorillonite was used for the bleaching of three kinds of vegetable oils, the content of total sterols and total tocopherols in vegetable oils decreased, while the acid value increased slowly. Further research found that the effect of montmorillonite on the acid value, total sterol content and oil absorption rate of soybean oil, sunflower seed oil and rapeseed oil was better than that of activated clay under the same bleaching conditions, especially the oil absorption rate was almost half of that of the activated clay. Montmorillonite can be used as a substitute for activated clay in the bleaching of vegetable oils where the colour requirements are not very high