蒙脱土对植物油脱色效果的综合评价Comprehensive evaluation of the bleaching effect of montmorillonite on vegetable oil

Abstract

为了开发高效、环保的食用油脱色剂，以一种环保方法（半干法）生产的蒙脱土为研究对象，研究其在不同脱色条件（脱色温度、脱色时间和脱色剂添加量）下对大豆油、葵花籽油和菜籽油品质的影响。结果表明：该蒙脱土具有吸附色素和过氧化物从而降低油脂红值和过氧化值的作用，与脱色前相比，大豆油、葵花籽油和菜籽油的红值最大降幅分别为77.4%、92.3%和87.2%，过氧化值最大降幅分别为82.7%、83.2%和91.2%；蒙脱土用于3种植物油的脱色，植物油中总甾醇和总生育酚含量下降，而酸值总体上缓慢上升。进一步研究发现，在相同的脱色条件下，蒙脱土对大豆油、葵花籽油和菜籽油的酸值、总甾醇含量和吸油率的影响结果均优于活性白土，尤其是吸油率几乎是活性白土的一半。蒙脱土可替代活性白土用于对色泽要求不是很高的植物油脱色中。 The effects of montmorillonite produced with the semi-dry method on the qualities of soybean oil, sunflower seed oil and rapeseed oil under different bleaching conditions (bleaching temperature, bleaching time and dosage) were investigated to develop an efficient and environmentally friendly bleaching agent for edible oil. The results showed that the bleaching agent(montmorillonite) had the function of adsorbing pigments and peroxides to reduce red value and peroxide value. Compared with oils before bleaching, the red value of soybean oil, sunflower seed oil and rapeseed oil was decreased by 774%, 92.3% and 87.2% (the largest reduction), respectively, the peroxide value was decreased by 827%, 832% and 912% (the largest reduction), respectively. When montmorillonite was used for the bleaching of three kinds of vegetable oils, the content of total sterols and total tocopherols in vegetable oils decreased, while the acid value increased slowly. Further research found that the effect of montmorillonite on the acid value, total sterol content and oil absorption rate of soybean oil, sunflower seed oil and rapeseed oil was better than that of activated clay under the same bleaching conditions, especially the oil absorption rate was almost half of that of the activated clay. Montmorillonite can be used as a substitute for activated clay in the bleaching of vegetable oils where the colour requirements are not very high