美国反倾销诉讼案上升的历史透视

反倾销条款作为美国贸易法的一个组成部分虽然已有80多年的历史，但只是在近20年间才格外引人注目。在美国的贸易政策中，反倾销在过去一直不引人注意，实际上，直到Finger, Hall和 Nelso(1982)写出了开拓性的论文之后，才有这方面的经济研究。从此，对反倾销政策的研究几乎全都集中在1980年以来的这段时间里。因此，我们对1980年以前的反倾销法规的运用知之甚少，对逐渐转向更频繁地运用反倾销补救措施的程度亦知之甚少。译者单位：东北财经大学国际商务外语学院（116025

中条山区花鼠生态的初步观察

在调查区域,花鼠（Eutamias sibiricus）的数量分布以山地居民点最高,其后依次为农田、林地和灌丛生境。花鼠于3月上旬出蜇,随即开始求偶交配;每年繁殖1次,幼鼠于6月外出活动,其体重在冬眠前的10月与成鼠接近。花鼠的食物包括农作物、水果、野生植物及动物4人类,随着季节的变化,其食物的种类和喜食程度发生相应的改变,但农作物类始终占据优势

基于连续小波变换和无模型元学习的小样本汽车行星齿轮箱故障诊断

针对行星齿轮箱振动信号具有较强的非平稳特性、故障样本少以及传统深度学习对数据依赖性的问题，提出了一种基于连续小波变换（Continuous wavelet transform，CWT）和无模型元学习（Model agnostic meta learning，MAML）的小样本行星齿轮箱故障诊断方法。通过CWT将行星齿轮箱振动信号转换为时频图像，有效地表达行星齿轮箱非平稳性特征；利用MAML“学会学习”的能力训练小样本的时频图像，对“未见过”的行星齿轮箱故障类型进行测试。通过对不同样本数量、跨工况条件和不同噪声环境下的行星齿轮箱进行故障诊断实验，结果表明，该方法相比于其他方法具有更高的识别精度、泛化性和鲁棒性

Influence of enteral nutrition support via nasointestinal tube combined with fast-truck surgery on nutritional status, complications and postoperative rehabilitation of patients with severe head injury (经鼻肠管营养支持联合快速康复外科理念对重症颅脑损伤患者营养状况、并发症及术后恢复的影响)

Objective To investigate the influence of enteral nutrition support via nasointestinal tube combined with fast-truck surgery on nutritional status, complications and postoperative rehabilitation of patients with severe head injury. Methods Totally 100 patients with severe head injury were divided into the control group (n=58) and the observation group(n=42) according to the nutrition support methods. All patients received nursing interventions based on the theory of fast-truck surgery. Patients in the control group received enteral nutrition by nasogastric tube, and those in the observation group were given enteral nutrition by nasointestinal tube. The nutritional status［serum total protein (TP), prealbumin (PAB)、hemoglobin (Hb)］, intestinal mucosal barrier function ［intestinal fatty acid-binding protein (I-FABP), plasma D- lactic acid (D-LA)］, inflammatory factor ［interleukin-6 (IL-6), hypersensitive C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α), postoperative complication, postoperative rehabilitation［Fugl-meyer Motor Function Rating Scale (FMA), The Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), Glasgow Outcome Scale (GOS)］ of patients were measured and compared between two groups. Results Patients in the observation group had higher levels of TP, PAB, Hb and lower levels of Ⅰ-FABP, D-LA, IL-6, hs-CRP, TNF-α compared with those in the control group after treatment(P＜0. 05). The incidence of complications in the observation group was lower than that in the control group(19. 05% vs. 37. 93%, P＜0. 05). Scores of FMA and MMSE in the observation group were higher than those in the control group(P＜0. 05). A better outcome of GOS in the observation group was reported compared with that in the control group (P＜0. 05). Conclusion The enteral nutrition support via nasointestinal tube combined with fast-truck surgery is potentially effective to improve the nutritional status and intestinal mucosal barrier function, reduce the inflammatory response and postoperative complications, improve the postoperative rehabilitation and quality of life among patients with severe head injury. (目的 探究经鼻肠管肠内营养支持联合快速康复外科理念(FTS)对重症颅脑损伤患者营养状况、并发症及术后恢复的影响。方法 回顾性分析2019年6月—12月医院收治的100例SHI患者的临床资料, 按治疗方式的不同分为对照组(n=58)和观察组(n=42)。两组均采取基于FTS的干预措施, 其中对照组行常规经鼻胃管肠内营养支持, 观察组行经鼻肠管肠内营养支持。比较两组治疗前后营养状况［血清总蛋白(TP)、前白蛋白(PAB)、血红蛋白(Hb)］、肠黏膜屏障功能［血清肠型脂肪酸结合蛋白(Ⅰ-FABP)、血浆D-乳酸(D-LA)］、炎症因子［白细胞介素-6(IL-6)、超敏-C反应蛋白(hs-CRP)、肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)及并发症、术后恢复［运动功能Fugl-Meyer运动功能评定量表(FMA)、简易精神状态评价量表(MMSE)、格拉斯哥预后量表(GOS)］情况。结果 与对照组相比, 观察组治疗后TP、PAB、Hb水平更高, Ⅰ-FABP、D-LA水平及血清IL-6、hs-CRP、TNF-α水平更低, 差异有统计学意义(P＜0. 05)。观察组并发症总发生率低于对照组(19. 05% vs 37. 93%, P＜0. 05)。观察组治疗后FMA、MMSE评分高于对照组(P＜0. 05), 且观察组治疗后GOS评分等级较对照组更优(P＜0. 05)。结论 经鼻肠管营养支持联合FTS可有效改善SHI患者营养状况、肠黏膜屏障功能, 抑制炎症反应, 进而降低并发症发生率, 提高术后恢复质量。

On-the-fly translation algorithm from linear temporal logic to Büchi automata

将线性时序逻辑公式转换成Buchi自动机是显式模型检测中的关键环节,Tableau规则是常用转换算法。该文提出了基于Tableau规则的改进算法 ,将线性时序逻辑公式转换成基于迁移的Buchi自动机。通过在状态和迁移中加入公式的满足信息,实现了用一个接受条件集合判断执行序列是否可接受,避免 了使用多个接受条件集合进行判断。改进算法引入了按需即时(on-the-fly)去扩展化机制,算法展开状态节点的同时进行状态有效性检测,删除无效节 点,合并等价状态和迁移,避免了后置化简。与其他转换工具进行比较实验表明,该算法具有执行速度快、生成自动机的状态数和迁移数少的特征。Translations of linear temporal logic to Bu¨chi automata are key to explicit model checking, with the Tableau-based algorithm commonly used for the translation. This paper describes an improved Tableau-based algorithm which converts linear temporal logic to transition-based Bu¨chi automata. The satisfaction information of the ∪-formula for the states and transitions is used to judge whether the automata is acceptable using only one acceptance condition set, rather than multiple sets. Thus, the algorithm gives an on-the-fly degeneralization mechanism that can expand the state nodes while detecting their validity and removing invalid nodes. The algorithm combines equivalent states and transitions and avoids simplifications after forming the final automata. Comparisons with other conversion tools show that this algorithm runs faster with less states and transitions in the automaton

山西省——鹳形目鸟类的生态研究

鹳形目（CICONIIFORMES）鸟类多有观赏价值,有些种类如朱鹮、黑鹳等已处濒危状态。因此,研究这一类群鸟类,在鸟类资源的合理保护和利用以及环境质量的评价等方面,均具有一定意义。1983～1986年,我们对本省鹳形目鸟类的生态进行了较全面的调查研究,现将资料整理如下

一种基于DNA技术的加密方法

利用DNA合成技术、DNA克隆技术、PCR扩增技术以及DNA芯片技术,结合密码学的计算复杂度理论,提出了一种基于DNA技术的加密方法.加密就是制作特殊设计的DNA混合物,解密就是根据Watson-Crick互补配对原理,在DNA芯片(microarray)上同时对数以万亿的DNA序列杂交,这体现了DNA在超大规模并行计算和超大容量的数据存储方面的巨大潜力.现有的生物技术的局限性以及计算技术的局限性为该方法提供了双重的安全保障