Application and Screening of Salt-tolerant Landscaping Plant Resources in the Coastal Areas of South China

土壤盐渍化已成为危及人类生存的重大资源与环境问题。随着城市化进程的加快，华南滨海地区盐渍化土壤面积不断增加。土壤盐碱化、植被覆盖率低、园林绿化质量欠佳已成为该地区园林绿化和生态环境建设的瓶颈。 华南滨海地区园林绿化植物资源十分丰富，绝大部分植物的耐盐能力还不清楚，许多优良的耐盐园林绿化植物尚未得到利用，有必要尽快组织力量开展筛选耐盐园林绿化植物的工作。在盐碱地上直接调查耐盐园林植物是筛选具有开发利用前景的盐生植物的一种最有效也是最经济的措施。开展华南滨海耐盐园林绿化植物资源选择及配置研究，对改善华南滨海园林绿化质量，降低工程费用和养护管理费用，保护生态环境、维持生物多样性等方面具有重要意义。...Soil salinization has become the issues of the major resources and environmental threating to the survival of human. With the urbanization process accelerated, salty soil areas in the coastal areas of south china are growing up. Soil salinization, lower vegetation coverage and poor quality of garden forestation have become the bottleneck of the construction of landscaping forestation and ecologica...学位：理学硕士院系专业：生命科学学院生物学系_植物学学号：X20042600

Configuration and Selection of Salt-tolerant Landscaping Plant in the Gulf Boulevard of Xiamen

实地调查了厦门海湾大道的基本概况,分析讨论了厦门海湾大道园林植物应用现状,提出了厦门海湾大道园林植物选择的原则、适宜的耐盐园林植物种类和具体配置模式的设想,以期为海湾大道的绿化工作提供借鉴与参考.The author investigated the basic profiles of the Gulf Boulevard in Xiamen,analyzed and discussed the application present situation of landscaping Plants,offered the selecting principles,the appropriate salt-tolerant plant species and the idea of the specific configuration,with a view to provide the reference of the greening for the Gulf Boulevard in Xiamen

Effects of Salt Spray on Growth and Compartmental Allocation of Mineral Element of Terminalia catappa Seedlings

在温室培养条件下,用叶片喷雾的方式对盐生植物榄仁(TErMInAlIA CATAPPA)的幼苗进行nA Cl胁迫处理,研究了盐雾胁迫对其生长、5种矿质元素(CA2+、Mg2+、nA+、k+、Cl-)和灰分在幼苗不同叶龄叶片和叶片各部分分布的影响,以探讨盐雾胁迫下的盐害机理,以此指导实际工作中盐害诊断与预防措施,为筛选耐盐树种建设沿海防护林提供依据。结果表明:盐雾胁迫下榄仁幼苗的叶、茎、根生长比对照组缓慢,k+在各叶片分区的分布差别较小,CA2+、Mg2+、灰分在叶片中心区分布较多,nA+和Cl-均向叶缘集中,且nA+和Cl-质量分数显著增加(P成叶>新叶,而且随胁迫时间增加呈升高趋势,叶片不同部位和不同叶龄的灰分质量分数都显著高于对照组(P mature leaves > new leaves.Furthermore, the mass fraction of ash in the different age and parts of the leaf treated by salt spray was significantly higher than that of control group(P<0.05).So the accumulation of ash in the plant increased with the treatment of salt spray.K+, Na+ and Cl-, Ca2+, and Mg2+on Terminalia catappa seedling mainly distributed on the new leaves, the old leaves, and the mature leaves, separately showing that the new leaves were the most sensitive to salt.A significantly positive correlation between Na+ and Cl- was found in the plant with the treatment of salt spray in spite of the distribution of mineral elements in the different age and parts of the leaf, and the alteration of mass fraction of mineral elements(P<0.01).林业科技支撑计划资助项目((2009BADA2B0605); 福建省科技重点项目(2013N01010365); 闽南师范大学创新团队(2013

Effects of Salt Treatment on Growth and Compartmental Allocation of Mineral Elements in Eriobotrya japonica Seedlings

在温室培养条件下,分别用根系和叶片nA Cl胁迫对甜土植物枇杷(ErIObOTryA JAPOnICA)的幼苗进行处理,研究两种盐胁迫方式对其生长、矿质元素(CA2+、Mg2+、nA+、k+、Cl-)和灰分含量在植物体各器官和叶片不同部位的影响。结果表明:在叶片盐胁迫下枇杷幼苗的叶片病斑较多分布于叶尖、叶缘,在根系盐胁迫下则较多分布于叶片中心区;根系盐胁迫促进枇杷幼苗的灰分含量积累,叶片盐胁迫则影响不大;两种方式盐胁迫枇杷幼苗体内的nA+和Cl-含量都呈极显著的正相关性;两种方式盐胁迫对枇杷幼苗的5种矿质元素含量影响相差不大,但它们影响矿质元素在植物中的重新分布;叶片盐胁迫对枇杷幼苗体内的离子毒害比根系盐胁迫的大。Glycophyte Eriobotrya japonica seedlings were treated by Na Cl in greenhouse through leaf surface spray and root system absorption, respectively, after which the growth rate, the amount of mineral elements and ash content in all plant organs and the different parts of the leaf were measured and compared.The results showed that the lesions mainly distributed at the leaf tip and leaf edge of E.japonica seedling leaves under leaf salt stress, and the lesions mostly located at the center of leaves under root salt stress.The accumulation of ash content increased under salt stress in the root, but which did not increase significantly in leaf.There was significant positive correlation between contents of Na+ and Cl- after both salt stress pathways.The contents of mineral elements(Ca2+, Mg2+, Na+, K+ and Cl-) in the seedlings varied little after both salt stress pathways, but their redistribution of mineral elements in the seedlings happened to change.The ion toxicity on E.japonica seedling was more serious under salt stress on leaf than that in root.林业科技支撑计划项目(2009BADA2B0605); 福建省科技重点项目(2013N01010365); 漳州市科技重点项目(ZZ2014036); 闽南师范大学创新团队(2013

Selection and configuration of salt-tolerant landscaping plant in the coastal areas of Fujian

【目的】探讨福建滨海地区岩岸景观、沙岸景观和泥岸景观可选择的耐盐园林植物种类、群落结构和适宜的配置模式,为福建滨海地区绿化工作提供借鉴与参考。【方法】采取野外实地调查获取福建滨海地区耐盐园林植物种类,通过访谈、专家咨询与资料查阅相结合的方法,对岩岸景观、沙岸景观和泥岸景观进行耐盐园林植物选择与配置。【结果】岩岸景观可选择的耐盐园林植物有44种,以岩生灌草丛和亚热带阔叶乔木山地林构成植物群落;沙岸景观可选择的耐盐园林植物有50种,以沙生草本植被、沙生灌木植被、沿海防护林和混交林构成植物群落;泥岸景观可选择的耐盐园林植物有60种,以真红树植物、海岸陆缘半红树林和岸后季节性雨林构成植物群落。【结论】3类海岸景观的园林植物种类选择与配置构想模式,可作为福建滨海地区耐盐园林绿化植物应用工作的基本思路。[Objective]The species, community structure and configuration mode of salt tolerant landscaping plants suitable for the rocky landscape, the sand shore landscape and the marshy bank landscape were discussed to provide references for the greening project in the coastal areas of Fujian Province.[Method]The salt-tolerant landscaping plant species in Fujian coastal area were obtained by the field survey.The selection and configuration of salt-tolerant landscaping plant on the rocky landscape, the beach landscape and the marshy bank landscape were performed through interview, expert and literature consultation.[Result]There were 44 species of salt-tolerant landscaping plant on the rocky landscape, with plant community consisting of irrigation grass and subtropical broad-leaved tree mountain forest.There were 50 species of salt-tolerant landscaping plant on the beach landscape, with the plant community consisting of rocky shrub and subtropical broad-leaved montane forest.There were 60 species of salt-tolerant landscaping plant on the marshy bank landscape, with the plant community consisting of the mangroves, semi-mangrove and shore of seasonal rain forest.[Conclusion]The mode of selection and configuration of salt-tolerant landscaping plant on the 3 coastal landscapes is workable for future landscaping work in the coastal area of Fujian.林业科技支撑计划项目(2009BADA2B0605

Effects of Root Salt Stress on Growth and Allocation of Mineral Elements in Halophyte and Glycophyte Seedlings

为了解盐胁迫对植物的影响,研究了根系nA Cl胁迫在温室条件下对盐生植物榄仁(TErMInAlIA CATAPPA)和甜土植物枇杷(ErIObOTryA JAPOnICA)幼苗生长、矿质元素和灰分含量的影响。结果表明:在根系盐胁迫下,两种植物幼苗的叶片病斑多分布于中心区,灰分含量增加,幼苗的nA+-Cl–呈极显著的正相关关系,盐胁迫对两种植物幼苗的5种矿质元素(CA2+,Mg2+,nA+,k+,Cl–)含量影响不大,但它们在植物中的分布发生了变化。可见,盐生植物和甜土植物抗盐性的区别是量上的不同,没有质的差别。In order to understand the effect of root salt stress on seedlings, the growth, mineral elements and ash contents in halophyte Terminalia catappa and glycophyte Eriobotrya japonica seedlings were studied in greenhouse.The results showed that the spots mainly distributed on center of two seedling leaves under root salt stress, and ash content increased.There was significant positive relationship between contents of Na+ and Cl– after root salt stress.The contents of mineral elements(Ca2+, Mg2+, Na+, K+, Cl–) in seedlings varied little, but their distribution in seedlings happened to change.So, there is quantitive difference between halophytes and glycophyte under salt stress, and no qualitative difference.林业科技支撑计划项目(2009BADA2B0605); 福建省科技重点项目(2013N01010365); 漳州市科技重点项目(ZZ2014036)资

The research progress of the urban park plant evaluation

本文在对一些国内外文献资料研究的基础上,针对我国城市园林植物选择主要存在的问题和城市园林植物评价研究进展作了综述,并指出了其存在的诸多问题,如评价的全面性问题、评价研究的尺度问题和主观因素的影响等.在此基础上提出了对今后城市园林绿化效益评价研究的三点建议:(1)进行城市园林绿化效益的综合评价是今后发展的必然趋势;(2)在综合评判方法的基础上开展分区案例研究;(3)更全面地研究评价指标,使之既具完备性又具独立性.In thit paper,based on some literatures both domestic and abroad,the existent problem of afforestion gardens in our urban,the research progress of the urban park plant evaluation,were discussed.Thus,the problems and tendencies of research on the urban park plant evaluation were put forward,such as the comprehensive problem of evaluation,the dimensions problem of evaluation and the influence of the subjective factor etc.On the basis of it,three suggestion are put forward to evaluate the effects of afforestion gardens:(1) it is an inevitable trend to carry out the comprehensive evaluation of the afforestion gardens benefits;(2) conducting the subarea area case based on the way of synthesize adjudication;(3) studying the measuring estimate index more comprehensively to make it more self-contained and self-governed

Photosynthetic and Shade-tolerance Characteristics of Eight Ornamental Plants

通过测定漳州地区8种园林植物叶片的形态特征、光合作用和光响应曲线,并对测定结果进行方差分析和相关分析,比较分析其耐荫程度。结果表明:试验的8个品种除黄金榕外,其它品种对弱光利用能力较强,具有较强的弱光适应能力;三角梅、锦绣杜鹃、红背桂等植物的耐荫性较强,在园林中可配置在比较郁蔽的林下;黄金榕和悬铃花是喜光植物,能适应较强的光辐射,耐荫能力相对较差,可以配置在林缘或疏林草地中,光照越足,黄金榕的叶色、悬铃花的花都会越鲜艳;花叶假连翘既有一定的耐荫能力,又能适应较强的阳光辐射,对光适应的生态幅度较宽,在园林配置中可根据需要进行布置。桂花和红背桂能更好的利用土壤水分,可配置在相对较干旱的地方。净光合速率Pn与其主要影响因子气孔导度gS、胞间CO2浓度CI、蒸腾速率Tr、叶温下蒸汽压亏缺VPdl、光合有效辐射PAr的相关性分析表明,种类不同,其影响因子也不一样,8种园林植物的Pn与CI呈极显著负相关。此研究为园林中植物的配置提供了一定的理论依据。The morphological characteristics of plant leaves,photosynthesis and light response were measured,the variance and correlation of the results were analyzed,and the extent of their shade-tolerance were compared for eight ornamental plants in Zhangzhou.The results showed that except for Ficus microcarpa cv.GoldenLeaves,the other varieties had a strong ability to use and adapt to low light.Bougainvillea spectabilis,Rhododendron pulchrum and Excoecaria cochinchinensis had a strong shade-tolerance,so they could be used under buzzed forest cover.Ficus microcarpa cv.GoldenLeaves,and Malvaiscus arboreus var.penduliflorus were photophilous plants,could adapt to a strong light radiation and had relatively poor shade-tolerant capability,so they could be used in forest edges or grasslands.The more light,the more colorful of the leaves of Ficus microcarpa cv.GoldenLeaves and Malvaiscus arboreus var.penduliflorus.Duranta repens'Variegata'had a wide light ecological suitabilty both in shade-tolerant and strong solar radiation,so they could be used in the ornamental layout without light restriction.Osmanthus fragrans and Excoecaria cochinchinensis could make better use of soil moisture,so they could be used in relatively dry areas.Correlation analysis of Pn and other main influencing factors Gs,Ci,Tr,VpdL,PAR showed that: different varieties had different impact factors.Pn and Ci of the eight ornamental plants were significantly related.This study provided a theoretical basis for the configuration of ornamental plants.福建省教委科研基金资助项目(No.JB08185);福建省科技创新平台建设项目(No.2008N2003