Study on Selective Isolation and Phylogenetic Taxonomy of Rare Actinomycetes in Soil

天然产物是药物的重要来源。许多常用的临床药物均来自微生物次级代谢产物。放线菌是一类有重要价值的微生物资源，约75％左右的抗生素都是由其产生的，因此，从放线菌中可以分离到许多结构新颖，生物活性多样的化合物。近年来，由于链霉菌中大量的抗生素不断被重复发现，继而人们把研究的重点转移到稀有放线菌上，它是发现新药的有效发展途径。 本论文对采集自厦门，云南，安徽，重庆等地的土样作为实验材料，采用选择性分离方法，进行稀有放线菌的分离。分别比较研究了6种不同的培养基对稀有放线菌分离的效果。实验结果发现这6种营养贫乏的培养基对稀有放线菌的分离均有一定效果，其中分离效果最理想的是聚乳酸(PLA)培养基。去重复后...Nature products are the important source of medicine. Many important clinical medicine are microbial secondary metabolites. Actinomycetes have a considerable value as a prolific producer of antibiotics and other therapeutic compounds. About 75% of antibiotics are produced by actinomycetes. So actinomycetes was a kind of important resource looking for many types of novel bioactive metabolites. Rece...学位：理学硕士院系专业：生命科学学院生物学系_生物学学号：2162007115194

Ansamycins Produced by Streptomyces sp. LZ35

目的对海洋放线菌STrEPTOMyCES SP.lz35固体发酵提取物的化学成分进行研究。方法采用SEPHAdEX lH-20,硅胶等色谱柱及重结晶进行分离纯化,用波谱技术鉴定化合物的结构。结果从14 l固体发酵提取物中分离得到7个安莎霉素类化合物,分别鉴定为gEldAnAMyCIn(1),17-O-dEMETHylgEldAnAMyCIn(2),HErbIMyCIn b(3),rEblASTATIn(4),17-O-dEMETHylrEblASTA-TIn(5),AuTOlyTIMyCIn(6),HygrOCIn A dErIVATIVE(7)。结论化合物1~7均为首次从该菌株中分离得到,且首次从一株链霉菌中分离到2种类型的安莎霉素。OBJECTIVE To study the chemical constituents of Streptomyces sp.LZ35.METHODS The constituents were isolated and purified by Sephadex LH-20 column,silicagel column and recrystallization,and their structures were identified by NMR and ESI-MS techniques.RESULTS Seven compounds were isolated and identified as geldanamycin(1),17-O-demethylgeldanamycin(2),herbimycin B(3),reblastatin(4),17-O-demethylreblastatin(5),autolytimycin(6),hygrocin A derivative(7),respectively.CONCLUSION Compounds 1-7 were obtained from the strain for the first time.Two types of ansamycins were isolated for the first time from Streptomyces sp.国家杰出青年科学基金(30325044);教育部科学技术研究重点(重大)项目(306010);山东大学自主创新基金(2010TB016;2010TS072