不同品种、盐度及月份菊芋叶中绿原酸的含量测定

建立HPLC 法测定菊芋叶中绿原酸含量的方法,对菊芋植株中不同部位绿原酸的分布规律,以及不同品系、盐度、采摘时间等因素对菊芋叶中绿原酸含量的影响情况进行研究。方法:色谱柱为Hypersil BDS C-18(4.6×250 mm,5 μm),流速为1 mL min-1 ,检测波长为327 nm,进样量为10 μL,柱温为30℃,流动相为0.1%三氟乙酸水(A)-乙腈(B)。结果:菊芋叶中绿原酸的含量(3.40%)显著高于其他部位绿原酸的含量;10 月份菊芋叶中绿原酸的平均含量达最大值(2.74%)。南芋(N)受盐度影响较小,菊芋叶中绿原酸的平均含量(3.15%)明显高于莱芋(L)叶中绿原酸的平均含量(2.32%)。结论:菊芋植株中的绿原酸主要存在于菊芋叶中;不同采摘时间对菊芋叶中绿原酸的积累影响很大,10 月中旬可以作为菊芋叶的最佳采收时间;不同菊芋品种对盐度高低的适应能力不同,其中,南芋可能更适 合在盐碱地土壤类型中生长

Novel Antifouling Technology Research: Progress and Prospects

海洋生物污损问题给海洋事业的发展带来了许多危害,传统防污技术已日渐不能满足要求,研发新型环境友好型防污剂迫在眉睫.用仿生学原理和化学生态学的方法发展新型无毒仿生防污材料和技术是解决海洋污损问题的新思路.本文综述了污损生物防除技术的发展,并重点介绍了基于化学生态学发现的仿生抗生物附着先导化合物和防污材料,展望了仿生防污技术的发展趋势

A Culture Research on Modern Sports Origin in Britain

运用文献研读和过程社会学等方法,分别从近代体育在英国兴起的前提条件,外部环境,主观因素,内部动因,客观因素等为逻辑顺序依次展开论述,来探讨近代体育发轫于英国的各种影响要素。从而得出:跟欧洲大陆国家相比,英国宗教势力始终未占据主导地位;三大思想文化运动;已处于轰轰烈烈的重组之中的英国独特的三层式社会结构;“一切向上流社会看齐“移民社会所特有的贵族心理以及英国独特的地理位置和生活环境等,正是这些影响要素的不断优化和重组,从而装点了大英帝国日渐上升的国际地位,也强化了近代体育在大英帝国的兴起、发展和广泛传播。可以说本文为我们解读现代体育,尤其是西方体育和现代奥林匹克运动的起源和发展提供了宝贵的历史资料,同时也为揭示人类体育的本质意义提供了不可多得的历史素材。This paper analyzed various factors which made Britain be the origin of modern sports by the methods of literature review and sociology.The factors are external environment,subjective factor,internal motivation factor,and objective factor.The research indicated that,compared with European continent country,religion never got dominant position in Britain.Three ideological and cultural movements,unique reorganizing three tiers social structure,"all upward flow society emulates",aristocrat mentality in immigrant society,and British special geographical location and living condition are the main factors which shaped Britain's international position and enhanced origin,development and widespread of modern sports in Britain.This paper showed us a history of modern sports,especially western sports and modern Olympic Games,and provided important historical data to reveal essential meaning of human sports

Synthesis of Aromatic Amines by Pd / C Catalytic Hydrogenation Aromatic Nitro-compounds

以5%Pd/C为催化剂,芳香族硝基化合物在温和条件(30℃,H2/0.1 MPa)下还原成芳胺。研究了芳环上的取代基对催化加氢反应的影响。结果表明:对位取代的芳硝基化合物的加氢反应速率为:H>CH3>CO2CH3>CF3>F>OCH3;间位取代芳硝基化合物加氢反应速率为:H>CH3>CF3>F>CO2CH3>OCH3>CN;邻位取代芳硝基化合物加氢反应速率为:H>CF3>CH3>OCH3>F>CO2CH3>CN

Heterologous Expression of the β-Glucosidase and Its Synergistic Hydrolysis of Bamboo with Cellulase

在毕赤酵母gS115中表达东方肉座菌Eu7-22的β-葡萄糖苷酶基因(bgl),获得基因工程菌株bP17。优化bP17収酵产酶条件后,重组β-葡萄糖苷酶活力达121 Iu/Ml。酶学性质研究表明,该酶最适反应温度为70℃,在60℃以下有较好的热稳定性;最适催化PH为5.0,在PH 3.0~8.0之间有较好的稳定性。将异源表达的β-葡萄糖苷酶添加到东方肉座菌的纤维素酶液中协同降解经过预处理的竹纤维,当纤维素酶添加量为fPA 20 Iu/g底物,β-葡萄糖苷酶添加量为bg 6 Iu/g底物时,纤维二糖浓度显著下降,酶解得率达到83.03%,表明重组β-葡萄糖苷酶的加入更有利于纤维素的酶解糖化。The β-glucosidase gene(bglI) from Hypocrea orientalis EU7-22 was cloned and effectively expressed in Pichia pastoris GS115.The-glucosidase activity expressed by recombinant strain BP17 reached 121 IU/mL.The expressed-glucosidase exhibited the optimum catalytic activity at 70°C and pH 5.0.The enzyme exhibited good stability at pH 3.0 ~ 8.0 and remained 65% of its original activity after 1 h at 60°C.The pretreated bamboo cellulose was synergistic hydrolyzed by the cellulases from Hypocrea orientalis EU7-22 and the recombinant β-glucosidase from strain BP17.Supplementing recombinant β-glucosidase greatly reduced the inhibitory effect caused by cellobiose, and the hydrolysis yield was improved to 83.03% with enhanced β-glucosidase activity of 6 IU/g substrate.The results indicated the recombinant β-glucosidase significantly boost the efficiency of saccharification.国家重点基础研究发展计划(2010CB732201); 国家自然科学基金(31170067); 中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金(201112G026

In situ Time-resolved FTIR and Raman Characterizations of the Partial Oxidation of Methane to Synthesis Gas over Ir/SiO_2 Catalyst

[中文文摘]采用原位时间分辨红外光谱和原位显微Raman光谱技术对Ir/SiO2 上甲烷部分氧化 (POM)制合成气反应的初级产物和反应条件下催化剂表面物种进行了跟踪考察 ,实验结果表明 ,在H2 预还原的新鲜Ir/SiO2 表面 ,CO是V(CH4)∶V(O2 )∶V(Ar) =2∶1∶45混合气反应的初级产物 ,因而甲烷的直接氧化过程是CO生成的主要途径 ;而在稳态反应条件下 ,CO生成的途径可能主要来自CO2 和H2 O与催化剂表面积碳物种 (CHx)和 /或CH4的反应 .催化剂上生成的积碳可能是导致稳态条件下Ir/SiO2 上POM反应机理不同于H2 预还原的新鲜催化剂的主要原因。[英文文摘]In situ time-resolved FTIR and in situ microprobe Raman spectroscopies were used to follow the primary products as well as the surface and gas phase species formed during the reaction of partial oxidation of methane (POM) to synthesis gas over Ir/SiO 2 catalyst. The results suggested that direct oxidation of CH 4 to CO is the dominant pathway of POM reaction over the freshly reduced Ir/SiO 2 catalyst, while the dominant schemes of CO formation over the catalyst under the steady state reaction condition are probably via the reactions of CO2 and H2O with the deposited carbon species (CHx) and/ or CH4 . The mechanistic difference between the POMto synthesis gas over freshly reduced Ir/ SiO2 catalyst and the catalyst under the steady state reaction may have resulted from the formation of significant amount of deposited carbon species in the latter system.国家重点基础研究发展规划 (No.G1999022408); 国家自然科学基金(No.20021002)资助项目

The Research Survey of the Degrading-bacteria and Degrading-enzyme of Synthetic Pyrethroid Insecticides

通讯作者：Tel: 0592-2186195; : [email protected][中文文摘]拟除虫菊酯类农药目前已成为我国出口的蔬菜、水果中主要的3类农药残留之一,引起急慢性中毒事件也越来越多,对人类、水生生物和自然环境造成很大危险。而农药生物降解作为去除农药污染的有效手段,逐渐成为环境科学研究的热点。重点综述了拟除虫菊酯类农药降解菌的分离、降解酶的提取、纯化、降解机理、固定化研究,并对以后要解决的问题进行了展望。[英文文摘]Synthetic pyrethroid insecticides have become one of the three major kinds of pesticide residues in the exported vegetabes and fruits in China nowadays. They also caused more and more acute or chronic poisoning affair and do great damage to human beings, aquatic biology and natural environment. As an efficient way to remove pesticides pollution, the biodegradation of pesticides has gradually become the hot issue in the field of environmental sciences. The study on the separation of degrading-bacteria and the extraction, purification, mechanism and immobilization of the degrading-enzyme of pyrethroids is reviewed in this paper. And the problems under resolved in the future work are also prospected.福建省青年科技人才创新项目(No.2007F3094);厦门大学引进人才科研启动费项目(No.0000-X071C3);厦门大学近海海洋环境科学国家重点实验室开放基金(No.MEL0603);国家海洋局近岸海域生态环境重点实验室开放基金(No.200702);国家海洋局第三海洋研究所海洋生物遗传资源重点实验室开放研究基金(No.HY200601

Advance in new determination methods for pesticide residues

第一作者简介：王兆守（1972—），男，博士，讲师。研究方向为有机 污染物的生物降解。电话 0592–2186195；E–mail [email protected]。 联系人：王兆守。[中文文摘]介绍了农药残留检测的步骤与方法。农药残留检测主要分为4个步骤:样品的提取、净化、浓缩和检测。提取方法主要有震荡法、索式提取法、固相微萃取法、超临界流体萃取法、快速溶剂萃取法等。净化方法主要有:液-液分配净化法、柱层析法、磺化法等。浓缩方法主要有:蒸发浓缩、反渗透浓缩、K-D浓缩仪浓缩等。检测方法主要有:气相色谱-质谱联用法、荧光分析法、酶抑制法、免疫分析法、生物传感器检测法、红外光谱法、拉曼光谱法等。评述了这些方法的优点与缺陷,提出了今后的发展方向。[英文文摘]The determination of residual pesticides is mainly divided into four processes:extraction,cleanup,concentration and detection. The methods for extracting samples include shaking extraction,soxhlet’s extraction,solid phase micro-extraction,supercritical fluid extraction，accelerated solvent extraction and so on. The cleanup methods include liquid-liquid partition process,column chromatography,sulfonation and so on. The concentration methods include evaporation and concentration,reverse-osmosis，Kuderna Danish (K-D) concentrator and so on. The detection methods include gas chromatography-mass ectrometry,fluorometry,enzyme inhibition,immunoassay, biosensor and infrared spectrometry,Raman spectrometry,and so on. The advantages and disadvantages of these methods were reviewed and the development tendency in the future was pointed out.福建省青年科技人才创新项目(2007F3094);厦门大学引进人才科研启动费项目(0000-X071C3);近海海洋环境科学国家重点实验室(厦门大学)开放基金(MEL0603);国家海洋局第三海洋研究所海洋生物遗传资源重点实验室开放研究基金(HY200601);国家海洋局近岸海域生态环境重点实验室开放基金(200702

一种一锅法合成取代吲哚类化合物的方法

本发明涉及取代吲哚类化合物的合成方法，具体的说是一种一锅法合成取代吲哚类化合物的方法。以邻硝基甲苯衍生物与N，N-二甲基甲酰胺二甲缩醛或原甲酸三乙酯为原料，在碱性无氧条件下，在有机溶剂中进行反应，而后加入还原剂进行还原、环化反应，即得到吲哚类衍生物；其中，R为位于4、5、6、7位的单取代或多取代；R取代基为氢、烃基、取代烃基、烷氧基、氨基或卤原子。本发明是用“一锅法”反应直接由常规、易得的邻硝基甲苯类化合物为原料，无需分离、纯化出中间体，通过有效控制反应条件、加料顺序和比例，一锅法合成吲哚衍生物。该发明简化了工艺操作流程，缩短了反应时间，节约了成本并且提高了整体收率，具有更好的生产和实用价值