清代水利灌溉亩数的失实问题——兼评地方志所载数字的真伪

本文以清代陕西汉中地区为例 ,结合水环境的变动情况 ,重新审视志书中所载灌溉亩数的失实问题 ,指出在运用相关地方志书中数字记载时必须具体问题具体分析 ,辨别真伪

清末云南商埠的气候环境、疾病与医疗卫生——基于《海关医报》的分析

《海关医报》(MEdICAl rEPOrTS)是19世纪70年代至20世纪初任职中国海关的海关医员编撰的一份有关沿海、沿江以及沿边各通商口岸的医疗卫生报告。无论是从年降雨量,还是年温度变化,《海关医报》为我们提供了腾越、思茅、蒙自商埠清末珍贵的现代气候参数。尽管这些数据不够系统,但是从这些数据仍可以看出清末这些商埠的若干气候变化特征。从所载疾病案例分析,虽然各埠记载的患病类型和人数详略不一,但这些商埠仍表现出一些类似的疾病流行特点。从医疗卫生分析,这些商埠虽然开埠较晚,但是从这些报告中仍可以体会到西方“现代“医疗卫生观念和行为对于这些商埠的可塑性非常大,某些医疗观念和行为转变十分显著。国家社会科学基金项目《近代中国通商口岸的环境与疾病传播研究》(批准号:10CZS041); 福建省高校杰出青年科研人才培育计划项

Regional Analysis & Port Trade:The Case of Tianjin, 1867～1931

本文选取天津贸易为个案，希冀打破过去研究的时空界限，避免范式建构的误导，着眼于未曾表达的实践逻辑，通过考察开埠前后贸易发展的内在连贯性和区域社会在塑造口岸贸易演变中的重要性，反思诸如“冲击—回应”、“帝国主义”、“传统与现代”、“中国中心观”等分析范式在外来影响与中国经济发展这一问题上的基本观点。除了第一章导论和第七章结语之外，主要有五部分构成：第一部分主要考察开埠之前腹地商业的发展情况。文章认为，从某种意义上讲，华北各地商品经济的产生及其发展，在很大程度上，源自于资源环境的驱动，其发展繁荣更多表现的并不是由于社会分工和专业化的结果，而是资源压力之下自身生产力不足所致，维持生计的意义又十分明显...By focusing on the case of Tianjin, this essay traces the inherent coherence in the development of the trade before and after the opening of its commercial port, and thereby identifies the role of religional society in molding a port, in which I hope to seek the underlying practical logics rather than to be misleaded by conceptualized paradigms, and I attempt to reflect on “Impact-Response”, “Imp...学位：历史学博士院系专业：人文学院历史学系_专门史学号：B20040200

The Study on the Relationship Between the Climate and the Environment in Southern Shaanxi in Qing Dynasty

本文主要是针对目前学者在分析清代陕南生态环境变迁时忽视自然因素的缺憾,通过对灾害史料的参数化分析,指出气候变化与环境变迁之间的复杂关系。我们认为,清代陕南地区生态环境的恶化是人为环境和自然环境恶性循环的结果。In current studies, most scholars neglected the natural elements when they studied the ecological environment evolution in Shaanxi in Qing Dynasty. The paper intends to improve the situation and points out the complex relationship between climate change and environmental change by parametric analysis. The author believes that it is the result of the malignant recycle between human environment and the nature that leads to the worsening of ecological environment in southern Shaanxi in Qing Dynasty

Changes of Water-resources Environment and Social Control in Hanzhong County in Qing Dynasty

清代汉中府水资源环境的不断变迁,引发了诸如水利设施兴废、水利冲突等问题。在解决这些问题的过程中,乡村社会控制权日益显现出下移趋势。但自乾嘉以降,在水资源环境严重恶化的情况下,官府力量似乎又显得重要起来。这说明国家与社会之间呈现的是一种错综复杂的社会关系,不能用简单的二元对立模式给予教条性概括,必须考察具体的社会生态环境。Changes took place continuously in Hanzhong County irrigational society, such as the rising and falling of irrigation construction, the strengthening and weakening of water conflicts, as well as the interaction between society and government. In the condition of the changes in natural and social environments, the power of social control tended to trickle down to the rural society. However, it is not a historical fact to say that irrigation affairs of Hanzhong County were out of the hand of official agencies. It even got to be more important for the government to take part in the irrigation administration since Qianlong and Jiaqing periods. This seeming paradox shows that there is a complex relation between government and society, which could not be analyzed in the simple dualist framework..NULL

追寻中国社会经济史研究的治史路径——陈支平教授访谈

○陈老师,您是1976年进校的大学生,应该说那是一个非常特殊的年代。我非常感兴趣您的大学生活,您能否首先谈一下自己的求学经历？为什么会选择历史研究作为自己的职业呢

Lin Zexu and Water Conservancy of Huang-yun region in Henan and Shandong Provinces:Discussion on the Role of Dynasty,Government and People

本文以林则徐任职河东河道总督期间的水利实践为中心,考察林则徐与豫、鲁黄运地区水利工程的修建、维护和运作情况,进而讨论在影响国家利益的水利工程运作中,王朝、官府与民众之间的关系。文章认为,豫、鲁黄运地区的水利工程,因为直接关系到漕运的利弊得失。因此,无论是水利工程的修建,还是水利工程的日常管理,这一地区的水利工程都表现出较强的官方意识行为。林则徐任职河道总督期间,由于林则徐的身体力行,致使这一情况被进一步贯彻执行。文章认为学术界在考察水利社会中的国家、官府与民众之间的关系时需要注意复杂性、多元性和特殊性。This thesis examines Lin Zexu and water conservancy of Huang-Yun region in Henan and Shandong Provinces,discussing the role of dynasty,government and people.Because it is directly related to"Caoyun",the article believes that the area of water projects has shown strong official acts of consciousness.As the governor,the situation Lin Zexu faced was more obvious.When investigating the relations among dynasty,government and people,the author thinks that the academy needs to pay much more attention to the complexity,diversity and particularity at this point.2010年国家社会科学基金项目(批准号:10CZS041); 2011年中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金项目(项目编号:2011221002); 2012年福建省高校杰出青年科研人才培育计划项目资

A Review of the Studies on the Historical Changes of Environment in Recent Ten Years

近十余年来 ,环境变迁史研究取得丰硕成果。人们从不同学科、不同视角展开广泛探讨 ,涉及到区域经济发展与环境变迁之关系、古代都城与生态环境之关系、动植物变迁与区域沙漠化、灾害与疾疫问题、气候变迁等方面 ,有力地推动了与环境变迁密切相关的中国生态环境史学研究在中国的形成和发展。The studies on the historical changes of environment have achieved great academic achievements in recent ten years.These achievements involved the development of regional economies and their relations to the changes of environment,ancient capitals and their relations to ecological environment,the changes of animal-plants and regional desertization,disasters,disease and pestilence,the changes of climate,etc.which promoted the establishment and development of Chinese environmental history studies