食管癌患者血清可溶性肿瘤坏死因子受体水平测定

背景:目前尚无敏感性和特异性较高的血清肿瘤标志物用于临床诊断食管癌。目的:通过测定食管癌患者血清可溶性肿瘤坏死因子受体(sTNFR)水平的变化,探讨其在食管癌诊断和监控中的临床意义。方法:应用双抗体夹心酶联免疫吸附测定(ABC鄄ELISA)检测56例食管癌患者和10名健康成人的血清sTNFR鄄Ⅰ、sTNFR鄄Ⅱ水平,并与血清癌胚抗原(CEA)水平进行比较。结果:食管癌患者的血清sTNFR鄄Ⅰ和CEA水平显著高于健康对照组(P<0.001),而sTNFR鄄Ⅱ水平则显著低于健康对照组(P<0.001);sTNFR鄄Ⅰ与CEA的阳性率无显著差异,但均显著低于sTNFR鄄Ⅱ(P<0.001)。食管癌切除术后,患者的血清sTNFR鄄Ⅰ、sTNFR鄄Ⅱ水平均呈升高趋势,而CEA水平则无明显变化。结论:同时检测血清sTNFR鄄Ⅰ、sTNFR鄄Ⅱ水平有助于诊断食管癌和评估机体的免疫状态

一种基于模型驱动的笔式界面开发框架研究

本文针对笔式用户界面开发的需求个性化、平台多样化和开发难度大的问题,提出了一种基于模型驱动的笔式界面开发框架.首先,提出了一种笔式用户界面开发架构,对笔式用户界面的特点进行抽象与描述;然后基于模型驱动开发方法提出了笔式界面的平台无关模型PIPIM以及笔式界面的平台相关模型PIPSM,并建立了PIPIM与PIPSM之间的转换方法;最后,给出了一个基于模型驱动的笔式界面开发工具Iris,并使用Iris开发了一个笔式个人信息管理系统.应用实例表明:该基于模型驱动的笔式界面开发框架能够有效支持笔式界面开发、降低开发复杂性.In order to make the pen-based user interface easy to develop with personalized requirements and diverse devices, we propose a model driven development framework. For a pen-based user interface, firstly we present a general development framework, then build a platform independent model and a platform specific model based on the model driven architecture. Furthermore, we introduce the transformation way from the former model to the latter one. At last, a toolkit named &quot;Iris&quot; is provided to support the development. The example application built by &quot;Iris&quot; shows that the model driven development framework can benefit the development of a pen-based interface and reduce the complexity of the development efficiently

post-wimp user interface model for personal information management

提出了一种面向个人信息管理(personal information management,简称PIM)的Post-WIMP界面模型 (Post-WIMP PIM interface model,简称PWPIM).首先给出了PWPIM的形式化描述,从5个方面对个人信息管理进行建模,分别描述了用户特征、领域对象和交互过程等;在此 基础上给出了PWPIM的建模方法;最后,将PWPIM应用于一个基于实物界面的PIM系统.应用实例表明,PWPIM能够有效地描述PIM的Post- WIMP界面,能够满足PIM面向大众用户、多样信息及自然交互的需求,能够为PIM的Post-WIMP界面设计、开发与评估提供理论支持.国家自然科学基金; 国家重点基础研究发展计划973; 国家高技术研究发展计划863This paper proposes a Post-WIMP interface model for personal information management(PWPIM),presents five facets to elaborate user character,domain objects,and interaction tasks,and gives the modeling method.Finally,this paper applies PWPIM to a physical interface based PIM(personal information management)system.The application example of PWPIM shows that,PWPIM can effectively describe the Post-WIMP interface for personal information management.Results also show that PWIM is fit for the feature of PIM system and is capable of guiding the PIM interface in design,development,and evaluation

AFLP Analysis on Populations of Hybrid and Pure Crosses of Haliotis diversicolor and H. discus discus

应用AflP技术研究了杂色鲍(SS)、盘鲍(JJ)及其正反交群体(SJ和JS)的遗传关系,并比较了各群体内的遗传多样性.3对选择性引物共扩增出344个位点.双亲自繁群体SS和JJ的AflP图谱差异很大,平均遗传距离达1.425.因此,AflP图谱可以用于两物种及其杂交种的种质鉴别.正反交群体SJ与JS的AflP图谱很接近于母本自繁群体,平均遗传距离分别为0.111(SJ与SS之间)和0.134(JS与JJ之间),而与父本自繁群体则有较大区别,平均遗传距离分别达1.408(SJ与JJ之间)和1.394(JS与SS之间).将4个群体分为SS/SJ和JS/JJ两组,进行三水平的AMOVA分析,结果显示:84.74%遗传变异来源于母本不同的两组之间(SS/SJ组和JS/JJ组之间),12.66%变异存在于群体内个体之间,正反交群体与母本之间的变异仅有2.60%.另一方面,正反交f1群体的多态性位点比例、nEI′S遗传多样度、香农多样性指数均低于母本自繁群体.综合群体内多样性和群体间遗传关系分析结果,杂色鲍与盘鲍正反交f1的遗传物质组成有别于同时含有双亲基因组的实质性杂交,而与母本有着高度的遗传同质性,且遗传多样性水平略低于母本自繁群体.In this paper,genetic relationship iter-populations and genetic diversity intra-populations from reciprocal hybrid and pure crosses of Haliotis diversicolor(S) and H.discus discus(J) were investigated with AFLP.Totally,344 loci were detected with 3 pairs of selective primers.AFLP could be served as a tool to distinguish genetic materiel of Haliotis diversicolor,H.discus discus and their hybrid,since the AFLP band patterns of SS population and JJ population were quite different.The genetic distance between SS and JJ populations were calculated as 1.425.The AFLP band patterns of hybrid F1 were similar to those of the female parent but quite different from those of the male parent.The mean genetic distances between hybrid F1 and their female parent were 0.111(between SJ and SS) and 0.134(between JS and JJ),while those between hybrid F1 and their male parent were 1.408(between SJ and JJ) and 1.394(between JS and SS) respectively.The results of AMOVA analysis showed that 84.74% of variance was between two groups(with different female parent),12.66% of variance was among individuals in groups,and only 2.60% of variance was between hybrid population and female population.On the other hand,all examined diversity indexes of the hybrid populations,including of the proportion of polymorphic loci,Nei's genetic diversity and Shannon diversity index,were lower than those of the population from pure cross of female parent.Above all,the hybrid F1 were different from true hybrid composed of genome from both parent,but shared high genetic similarity with their female parent.国家863计划课题(2003AA603240;2006AA10A407)资

玉米秸秆与废弃白菜的混合青贮品质及产沼气能力分析

为实现干玉米秸秆（dried maize straw,DMS）的长时间保质贮存,利用青贮原理将DMS与废弃白菜（cabbage waste,CW）连续混贮90 d,设置DMS单贮组和6个不同质量比例（DMS：CW=29：19、27：21、25：23、23：25、21：27和19：29）混贮组,间隔30 d分析其贮存品质,筛选适宜贮存条件,并考察秸秆贮存前后的微观结构变化和产沼气潜力。结果表明,与单贮组相比,6个混贮组的p H值均显著下降（P〈0.05）,乳酸含量显著升高（P〈0.05）,混贮品质优于单贮。6个混贮组贮存30 d时的p H值均为最低,乳酸含量最高,感官评价均为优级,30 d后p H值有所上升,乳酸含量急剧下降,60d时的木质素含量显著降低（P〈0.05）,综纤维素含量显著升高（P〈0.05）。随着CW比例增加,混贮组p H值逐渐减小,乳酸含量逐渐增加,MEⅤ组（DMS：CW=21：27）p H值最低,乳酸含量最高,能使DMS连续贮存60 d不变质。扫描电镜结果显示,青贮发酵使干秸秆原先致密复杂的木质纤维结构开始瓦解,青贮秸秆表面有很多裂缝和孔洞,与微生物或酶的可接触面积增加。沼气发酵试验表明,MEⅤ组混贮秸秆的累积产气量略高于未贮存干秸秆,且累积甲烷产量提高了61.67%,是未贮存干秸秆的1.6倍。Modified Gompertz模型显示混贮秸秆的甲烷生成速率增加,产甲烷能力提高。总之,当DMS∶CW质量比为21∶27（含水率为73%）时DMS能连续保质贮存2月,且贮存后秸秆的甲烷产量明显提升

Mixed ensiling quality of maize straw with waste cabbage and biogas production potential analysis

Growing energy consumption and diminishing fossil fuel supplies have encouraged increased research on renewable energy sources and development of new energy production processes. Biogas production from agricultural biomass is of growing importance as it