27 research outputs found

    Religion of the Evenki: History and Modern Times

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    The article attempts to reveal the transformation of the role of religion in preserving the traditional way of life of the Evenki ethnos from 1930s to 2000s in the northern regions of the Krasnoyarsk Krai, as well as its reflection in the education system and in traditional culture (folklore, visual arts, decorative and applied art). The article notes that the analysis of domestic and foreign studies of the culture and religion of the Evenki confirms the validity of appealing to an interdisciplinary type of research. The subject of the research is the traditional and non-traditional religious movements embodied in the culture and life of the Evenki ethnos. Observation, analytical-descriptive method, including the analysis of individual elements of the development of the Evenk traditional culture, followed by generalization of the data, as well as comparative historical and dialectical methods are used to solve the research problems. Moreover, among the main research methods, philosophical and art history analysis of art works of the Evenki is actively used. The conclusion indicates general outputs and tendencies characterizing the current state of the embodiment of religious trends in culture, education and everyday life of the Evenki ethno

    Taymyr Reindeer Herding as a Branch of the Economy and a Fundamental Social Identification Practice for Indigenous Peoples of the Siberian Arctic

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    There are two factors affecting the way that Nenets and Dolgan people of Taymyr define their regional identity: 1) their traditional trade (reindeer herding); 2) ethnic art-making where the reindeer acts as an image and a symbol of ethnic traditions, touchstones, and values found among the indigenous peoples of Taymyr. Field research was conducted in Taymyr settlements (such as Nosok, Karaul, and Khatanga) from 2010 to 2014. The researchers interviewed Nenets and Dolgan people who belong to non-governmental organizations representing Taymyr indigenous peoples, run businesses or work in government agencies, schools, and other organizations implementing cultural policies. Indigenous peoples have very low economic and social activity. The Dolgans also have a very poor standard of living due to lack of reindeer. The Post-Soviet era has seen an income gap growing between the Dolgans and the Nenets and unequal economic groups being formed. Reviving reindeer herding is essential. Nenets and Dolgan reindeer herding is an economically inefficient subsidized branch of agriculture, but its role is symbolic rather than economic. Nenets and Dolgan reindeer herding is an ethnicity-forming and ethnicity-sustaining factor. Today’s reindustrialization of Taymyr may end up exterminating its indigenous peoples’ unique economic, environmental, and cultural practices. Taymyr’s political establishment must pay due attention to the threat of ruining these unique practices. DOI: 10.5901/mjss.2015.v6n3s5p22

    К вопросу ΠΎ мСтодологичСских ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ½Ρ†ΠΈΠΏΠ°Ρ… ΠΊΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ‚ΡƒΡ€Π½ΠΎ-сСмиотичСского ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄Π° Π² ΠΈΠ·ΡƒΡ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ искусства ΠΈΠ½Π΄ΠΈΠ³Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… Π½Π°Ρ€ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ² Π‘Π΅Π²Π΅Ρ€Π°, Π‘ΠΈΠ±ΠΈΡ€ΠΈ ΠΈ Π”Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½Π΅Π³ΠΎ Востока

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    This article is devoted to the analysis of cultural-semiotic approach that is considered as one of the key principles in studying the art of indigenous peoples of the North, Siberia and the Far East. The author proposes systematization of the methodological principles of cultural- semiotic approach (understanding of culture as a structure consisting of series of symbolic systems and cultural texts; symbol creation principle actualized in fictional dialogism; culture representativeness and symbolic interpretation of signs of culture and the concept of β€œvalue” as a key concept in semantic philosophy of art). On the basis of correlation of cultural-semiotic approach methodological principles and constructivism ideas, the definition of β€œart” is specified. Art is understood as a cultural-semiotic construct that generates social meanings in the individual’s and collective’s consciousness and allows a human being to verify ideas about the world around us and, on a subconscious level, design his/her picture of the worldΠ‘Ρ‚Π°Ρ‚ΡŒΡ посвящСна Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·Ρƒ ΠΊΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ‚ΡƒΡ€Π½ΠΎ-сСмиотичСского ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄Π°, рассматриваСмого Π² качСствС ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΈΠ· основных Π² ΠΈΠ·ΡƒΡ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ искусства ΠΈΠ½Π΄ΠΈΠ³Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… Π½Π°Ρ€ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ² Π‘Π΅Π²Π΅Ρ€Π°, Π‘ΠΈΠ±ΠΈΡ€ΠΈ ΠΈ Π”Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½Π΅Π³ΠΎ Востока. ΠŸΡ€Π΅Π΄Π»ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½Π° авторская систСматизация мСтодологичСских ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ½Ρ†ΠΈΠΏΠΎΠ² ΠΊΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ‚ΡƒΡ€Π½ΠΎ-сСмиотичСского ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄Π° (ΠΏΠΎΠ½ΠΈΠΌΠ°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΊΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ‚ΡƒΡ€Ρ‹ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ структуры, состоящСй ΠΈΠ· ряда символичСских систСм ΠΈ ΠΊΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ‚ΡƒΡ€Π½Ρ‹Ρ… тСкстов; ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ½Ρ†ΠΈΠΏ символотворчСства, Π°ΠΊΡ‚ΡƒΠ°Π»ΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡ€ΡƒΠ΅ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π² худоТСствСнном Π΄ΠΈΠ°Π»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅; Ρ€Π΅ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π·Π΅Π½Ρ‚Π°Ρ‚ΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΊΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ‚ΡƒΡ€Ρ‹ ΠΈ символичСская интСрпрСтация Π·Π½Π°ΠΊΠΎΠ² ΠΊΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ‚ΡƒΡ€Ρ‹; понятиС Β«Ρ†Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒΒ» ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎ ΠΈΠ· ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π΅Π²Ρ‹Ρ… Π² ΠΊΠΎΠ½Ρ†Π΅ΠΏΡ†ΠΈΠΈ сСмантичСской философии искусства). На основС коррСляции мСтодологичСских ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ½Ρ†ΠΈΠΏΠΎΠ² ΠΊΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ‚ΡƒΡ€Π½ΠΎ-сСмиотичСского ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄Π° ΠΈ ΠΈΠ΄Π΅ΠΉ конструктивизма уточняСтся ΠΎΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ понятия «искусство». Π˜ΡΠΊΡƒΡΡΡ‚Π²ΠΎ понимаСтся ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΠΊΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ‚ΡƒΡ€Π½ΠΎ-сСмиотичСский конструкт, ΠΏΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠΆΠ΄Π°ΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠΉ ΡΠΎΡ†ΠΈΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Π΅ смыслы Π² ΠΈΠ½Π΄ΠΈΠ²ΠΈΠ΄ΡƒΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΠ»Π»Π΅ΠΊΡ‚ΠΈΠ²Π½Ρ‹Ρ… сознаниях ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ»ΡΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠΉ ΠΎΡΡƒΡ‰Π΅ΡΡ‚Π²Π»ΡΡ‚ΡŒ Π²Π΅Ρ€ΠΈΡ„ΠΈΠΊΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΡŽ Ρ‡Π΅Π»ΠΎΠ²Π΅ΠΊΠΎΠΌ прСдставлСний ΠΎΠ± ΠΎΠΊΡ€ΡƒΠΆΠ°ΡŽΡ‰Π΅ΠΌ ΠΌΠΈΡ€Π΅ ΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΡ‚Ρ€ΡƒΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ Π½Π° ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΡΠΎΠ·Π½Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠΌ ΡƒΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π½Π΅ свою ΠΊΠ°Ρ€Ρ‚ΠΈΠ½Ρƒ ΠΌΠΈΡ€

    ЭвСнкийская дСтская Π»ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Ρ€Π°Ρ‚ΡƒΡ€Π°: история ΠΈ спСцифика

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    The article provides an overview of the historical development of the Evenki children’s literature in the context of the Evenki national literary school’s total flow. The corpus of Evenki fairytales about animals is analyzed from the perspective of embodiment the peculiarities of ethnic worldview and ethnic world outlook in the artistic signs. The coexistence of a clear and simple stylistic well-formedness of the Evenki fairytales with a profound meaningful point relating the explanation of a number of natural phenomena surrounding man has been revealed. It converts seemingly children’s literature to adult perception. In addition, a tendency of modeling the situation of men and nature proximity by the tools of artistic and literary images is detected. Ethnic component of the Evenki children’s fairytales can be traced in the characters’ description, their occupation, place of residence and food. As a rule, this is a generalized image of an Evenki or Russian as a whole. The Evenki is the one who lives in the cold, but rich in food taiga, in chum and engaged in traditional occupations: reindeer herding and fishing. The Russian is an ethnos, different from the Evenki ethnic group, engaged in animal husbandry and, at the same time, adjacent to the Evenki ethnocultural groupΠ‘Ρ‚Π°Ρ‚ΡŒΡ посвящСна ΠΎΠ±Π·ΠΎΡ€Ρƒ историчСского развития эвСнкийской дСтской Π»ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Ρ€Π°Ρ‚ΡƒΡ€Ρ‹ Π² контСкстС ΠΎΠ±Ρ‰Π΅Π³ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠΊΠ° развития Π½Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Π»ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Ρ€Π°Ρ‚ΡƒΡ€Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΡˆΠΊΠΎΠ»Ρ‹ эвСнков. АнализируСтся корпус эвСнкийских дСтских сказок ΠΎ ΠΆΠΈΠ²ΠΎΡ‚Π½Ρ‹Ρ… с ΠΏΠΎΠ·ΠΈΡ†ΠΈΠΈ воплощСния Π² худоТСствСнных Π·Π½Π°ΠΊΠ°Ρ… особСнностСй этничСской ΠΊΠ°Ρ€Ρ‚ΠΈΠ½Ρ‹ ΠΌΠΈΡ€Π°, этничСского мировоззрСния. ВыявлСно сосущСствованиС ясной ΠΈ простой стилистичСской оформлСнности эвСнкийских сказок с Π³Π»ΡƒΠ±ΠΎΠΊΠΈΠΌ ΡΠΎΠ΄Π΅Ρ€ΠΆΠ°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹ΠΌ ΠΌΠΎΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ‚ΠΎΠΌ, ΠΊΠ°ΡΠ°ΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠΌΡΡ объяснСния ряда ΠΎΠΊΡ€ΡƒΠΆΠ°ΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΡ… Ρ‡Π΅Π»ΠΎΠ²Π΅ΠΊΠ° ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ΄Π½Ρ‹Ρ… явлСний. Π­Ρ‚ΠΎ ΠΏΡ€Π΅ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Π·ΡƒΠ΅Ρ‚, казалось Π±Ρ‹, Π΄Π΅Ρ‚ΡΠΊΡƒΡŽ Π»ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Ρ€Π°Ρ‚ΡƒΡ€Ρƒ Π΄ΠΎ взрослого мировосприятия. ΠšΡ€ΠΎΠΌΠ΅ Ρ‚ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ, выявлСна тСндСнция модСлирования срСдствами худоТСствСнно-Π»ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Ρ€Π°Ρ‚ΡƒΡ€Π½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Π·ΠΎΠ² ситуации близости Ρ‡Π΅Π»ΠΎΠ²Π΅ΠΊΠ° ΠΈ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ΄Ρ‹. ЭтничСская ΡΠΎΡΡ‚Π°Π²Π»ΡΡŽΡ‰Π°Ρ эвСнкийских дСтских сказок прослСТиваСтся Π² характСристикС пСрсонаТСй, ΠΈΡ… Ρ€ΠΎΠ΄Π° Π΄Π΅ΡΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΠΈ, мСстС ΠΆΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΡΡ‚Π²Π°, ΠΏΠΈΡ‰Π΅. Как ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²ΠΈΠ»ΠΎ, это ΡΠΎΠ±ΠΈΡ€Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹ΠΉ ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Π· эвСнка Π»ΠΈΠ±ΠΎ русского Π² Ρ†Π΅Π»ΠΎΠΌ. Π­Π²Π΅Π½ΠΊ – это Ρ‚ΠΎΡ‚, ΠΊΡ‚ΠΎ ΠΆΠΈΠ²Π΅Ρ‚ Π² Ρ…ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠΉ, Π½ΠΎ Π±ΠΎΠ³Π°Ρ‚ΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠΏΠΈΡ‚Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ Ρ‚Π°ΠΉΠ³Π΅, Π² Ρ‡ΡƒΠΌΠ΅, занимаСтся Ρ‚Ρ€Π°Π΄ΠΈΡ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½Ρ‹ΠΌΠΈ Π²ΠΈΠ΄Π°ΠΌΠΈ Π΄Π΅ΡΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΠΈ: олСнСводством, рыболовством. Русский – это ΠΎΡ‚Π»ΠΈΡ‡Π½Ρ‹ΠΉ ΠΎΡ‚ эвСнкийской этногруппы этнос, Π·Π°Π½ΠΈΠΌΠ°ΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠΉΡΡ скотоводством ΠΈ Π² Ρ‚ΠΎ ΠΆΠ΅ врСмя ΡΠΎΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡ‚Π²ΡƒΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠΉ с эвСнкийской ΡΡ‚Π½ΠΎΠΊΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ‚ΡƒΡ€Π½ΠΎΠΉ Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠΏΠΏΠΎ

    ЭвСнкийская дСтская Π»ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Ρ€Π°Ρ‚ΡƒΡ€Π°: история ΠΈ спСцифика

    No full text
    The article provides an overview of the historical development of the Evenki children’s literature in the context of the Evenki national literary school’s total flow. The corpus of Evenki fairytales about animals is analyzed from the perspective of embodiment the peculiarities of ethnic worldview and ethnic world outlook in the artistic signs. The coexistence of a clear and simple stylistic well-formedness of the Evenki fairytales with a profound meaningful point relating the explanation of a number of natural phenomena surrounding man has been revealed. It converts seemingly children’s literature to adult perception. In addition, a tendency of modeling the situation of men and nature proximity by the tools of artistic and literary images is detected. Ethnic component of the Evenki children’s fairytales can be traced in the characters’ description, their occupation, place of residence and food. As a rule, this is a generalized image of an Evenki or Russian as a whole. The Evenki is the one who lives in the cold, but rich in food taiga, in chum and engaged in traditional occupations: reindeer herding and fishing. The Russian is an ethnos, different from the Evenki ethnic group, engaged in animal husbandry and, at the same time, adjacent to the Evenki ethnocultural groupΠ‘Ρ‚Π°Ρ‚ΡŒΡ посвящСна ΠΎΠ±Π·ΠΎΡ€Ρƒ историчСского развития эвСнкийской дСтской Π»ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Ρ€Π°Ρ‚ΡƒΡ€Ρ‹ Π² контСкстС ΠΎΠ±Ρ‰Π΅Π³ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠΊΠ° развития Π½Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Π»ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Ρ€Π°Ρ‚ΡƒΡ€Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΡˆΠΊΠΎΠ»Ρ‹ эвСнков. АнализируСтся корпус эвСнкийских дСтских сказок ΠΎ ΠΆΠΈΠ²ΠΎΡ‚Π½Ρ‹Ρ… с ΠΏΠΎΠ·ΠΈΡ†ΠΈΠΈ воплощСния Π² худоТСствСнных Π·Π½Π°ΠΊΠ°Ρ… особСнностСй этничСской ΠΊΠ°Ρ€Ρ‚ΠΈΠ½Ρ‹ ΠΌΠΈΡ€Π°, этничСского мировоззрСния. ВыявлСно сосущСствованиС ясной ΠΈ простой стилистичСской оформлСнности эвСнкийских сказок с Π³Π»ΡƒΠ±ΠΎΠΊΠΈΠΌ ΡΠΎΠ΄Π΅Ρ€ΠΆΠ°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹ΠΌ ΠΌΠΎΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ‚ΠΎΠΌ, ΠΊΠ°ΡΠ°ΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠΌΡΡ объяснСния ряда ΠΎΠΊΡ€ΡƒΠΆΠ°ΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΡ… Ρ‡Π΅Π»ΠΎΠ²Π΅ΠΊΠ° ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ΄Π½Ρ‹Ρ… явлСний. Π­Ρ‚ΠΎ ΠΏΡ€Π΅ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Π·ΡƒΠ΅Ρ‚, казалось Π±Ρ‹, Π΄Π΅Ρ‚ΡΠΊΡƒΡŽ Π»ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Ρ€Π°Ρ‚ΡƒΡ€Ρƒ Π΄ΠΎ взрослого мировосприятия. ΠšΡ€ΠΎΠΌΠ΅ Ρ‚ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ, выявлСна тСндСнция модСлирования срСдствами худоТСствСнно-Π»ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Ρ€Π°Ρ‚ΡƒΡ€Π½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Π·ΠΎΠ² ситуации близости Ρ‡Π΅Π»ΠΎΠ²Π΅ΠΊΠ° ΠΈ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ΄Ρ‹. ЭтничСская ΡΠΎΡΡ‚Π°Π²Π»ΡΡŽΡ‰Π°Ρ эвСнкийских дСтских сказок прослСТиваСтся Π² характСристикС пСрсонаТСй, ΠΈΡ… Ρ€ΠΎΠ΄Π° Π΄Π΅ΡΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΠΈ, мСстС ΠΆΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΡΡ‚Π²Π°, ΠΏΠΈΡ‰Π΅. Как ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²ΠΈΠ»ΠΎ, это ΡΠΎΠ±ΠΈΡ€Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹ΠΉ ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Π· эвСнка Π»ΠΈΠ±ΠΎ русского Π² Ρ†Π΅Π»ΠΎΠΌ. Π­Π²Π΅Π½ΠΊ – это Ρ‚ΠΎΡ‚, ΠΊΡ‚ΠΎ ΠΆΠΈΠ²Π΅Ρ‚ Π² Ρ…ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠΉ, Π½ΠΎ Π±ΠΎΠ³Π°Ρ‚ΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠΏΠΈΡ‚Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ Ρ‚Π°ΠΉΠ³Π΅, Π² Ρ‡ΡƒΠΌΠ΅, занимаСтся Ρ‚Ρ€Π°Π΄ΠΈΡ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½Ρ‹ΠΌΠΈ Π²ΠΈΠ΄Π°ΠΌΠΈ Π΄Π΅ΡΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΠΈ: олСнСводством, рыболовством. Русский – это ΠΎΡ‚Π»ΠΈΡ‡Π½Ρ‹ΠΉ ΠΎΡ‚ эвСнкийской этногруппы этнос, Π·Π°Π½ΠΈΠΌΠ°ΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠΉΡΡ скотоводством ΠΈ Π² Ρ‚ΠΎ ΠΆΠ΅ врСмя ΡΠΎΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡ‚Π²ΡƒΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠΉ с эвСнкийской ΡΡ‚Π½ΠΎΠΊΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ‚ΡƒΡ€Π½ΠΎΠΉ Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠΏΠΏΠΎ

    К вопросу ΠΎ мСтодологичСских ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ½Ρ†ΠΈΠΏΠ°Ρ… ΠΊΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ‚ΡƒΡ€Π½ΠΎ-сСмиотичСского ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄Π° Π² ΠΈΠ·ΡƒΡ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ искусства ΠΈΠ½Π΄ΠΈΠ³Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… Π½Π°Ρ€ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ² Π‘Π΅Π²Π΅Ρ€Π°, Π‘ΠΈΠ±ΠΈΡ€ΠΈ ΠΈ Π”Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½Π΅Π³ΠΎ Востока

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    This article is devoted to the analysis of cultural-semiotic approach that is considered as one of the key principles in studying the art of indigenous peoples of the North, Siberia and the Far East. The author proposes systematization of the methodological principles of cultural- semiotic approach (understanding of culture as a structure consisting of series of symbolic systems and cultural texts; symbol creation principle actualized in fictional dialogism; culture representativeness and symbolic interpretation of signs of culture and the concept of β€œvalue” as a key concept in semantic philosophy of art). On the basis of correlation of cultural-semiotic approach methodological principles and constructivism ideas, the definition of β€œart” is specified. Art is understood as a cultural-semiotic construct that generates social meanings in the individual’s and collective’s consciousness and allows a human being to verify ideas about the world around us and, on a subconscious level, design his/her picture of the worldΠ‘Ρ‚Π°Ρ‚ΡŒΡ посвящСна Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·Ρƒ ΠΊΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ‚ΡƒΡ€Π½ΠΎ-сСмиотичСского ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄Π°, рассматриваСмого Π² качСствС ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΈΠ· основных Π² ΠΈΠ·ΡƒΡ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ искусства ΠΈΠ½Π΄ΠΈΠ³Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… Π½Π°Ρ€ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ² Π‘Π΅Π²Π΅Ρ€Π°, Π‘ΠΈΠ±ΠΈΡ€ΠΈ ΠΈ Π”Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½Π΅Π³ΠΎ Востока. ΠŸΡ€Π΅Π΄Π»ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½Π° авторская систСматизация мСтодологичСских ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ½Ρ†ΠΈΠΏΠΎΠ² ΠΊΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ‚ΡƒΡ€Π½ΠΎ-сСмиотичСского ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄Π° (ΠΏΠΎΠ½ΠΈΠΌΠ°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΊΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ‚ΡƒΡ€Ρ‹ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ структуры, состоящСй ΠΈΠ· ряда символичСских систСм ΠΈ ΠΊΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ‚ΡƒΡ€Π½Ρ‹Ρ… тСкстов; ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ½Ρ†ΠΈΠΏ символотворчСства, Π°ΠΊΡ‚ΡƒΠ°Π»ΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡ€ΡƒΠ΅ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π² худоТСствСнном Π΄ΠΈΠ°Π»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅; Ρ€Π΅ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π·Π΅Π½Ρ‚Π°Ρ‚ΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΊΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ‚ΡƒΡ€Ρ‹ ΠΈ символичСская интСрпрСтация Π·Π½Π°ΠΊΠΎΠ² ΠΊΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ‚ΡƒΡ€Ρ‹; понятиС Β«Ρ†Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒΒ» ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎ ΠΈΠ· ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π΅Π²Ρ‹Ρ… Π² ΠΊΠΎΠ½Ρ†Π΅ΠΏΡ†ΠΈΠΈ сСмантичСской философии искусства). На основС коррСляции мСтодологичСских ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ½Ρ†ΠΈΠΏΠΎΠ² ΠΊΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ‚ΡƒΡ€Π½ΠΎ-сСмиотичСского ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄Π° ΠΈ ΠΈΠ΄Π΅ΠΉ конструктивизма уточняСтся ΠΎΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ понятия «искусство». Π˜ΡΠΊΡƒΡΡΡ‚Π²ΠΎ понимаСтся ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΠΊΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ‚ΡƒΡ€Π½ΠΎ-сСмиотичСский конструкт, ΠΏΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠΆΠ΄Π°ΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠΉ ΡΠΎΡ†ΠΈΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Π΅ смыслы Π² ΠΈΠ½Π΄ΠΈΠ²ΠΈΠ΄ΡƒΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΠ»Π»Π΅ΠΊΡ‚ΠΈΠ²Π½Ρ‹Ρ… сознаниях ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ»ΡΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠΉ ΠΎΡΡƒΡ‰Π΅ΡΡ‚Π²Π»ΡΡ‚ΡŒ Π²Π΅Ρ€ΠΈΡ„ΠΈΠΊΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΡŽ Ρ‡Π΅Π»ΠΎΠ²Π΅ΠΊΠΎΠΌ прСдставлСний ΠΎΠ± ΠΎΠΊΡ€ΡƒΠΆΠ°ΡŽΡ‰Π΅ΠΌ ΠΌΠΈΡ€Π΅ ΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΡ‚Ρ€ΡƒΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ Π½Π° ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΡΠΎΠ·Π½Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠΌ ΡƒΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π½Π΅ свою ΠΊΠ°Ρ€Ρ‚ΠΈΠ½Ρƒ ΠΌΠΈΡ€

    Fine Arts in the Artistic Culture of the Indigenous Peoples of the North, Siberia and the Far East of the Russian Federation

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    Π˜Π·ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Π·ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠ΅ искусство ΠΊΠΎΡ€Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… малочислСнных Π½Π°Ρ€ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ² Π‘Π΅Π²Π΅Ρ€Π°, Π‘ΠΈΠ±ΠΈΡ€ΠΈ ΠΈ Π”Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½Π΅Π³ΠΎ Востока Российской Π€Π΅Π΄Π΅Ρ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ прСдставляСт собой особоС Π½Π°ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π² истории развития Π½Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠΉ худоТСствСнной ΠΊΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ‚ΡƒΡ€Ρ‹. Π’ ΡΡ‚Π°Ρ‚ΡŒΠ΅ анализируСтся мСсто ΠΈ Ρ€ΠΎΠ»ΡŒ ΠΈΠ·ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Π·ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ искусства Π² ΠΎΠ±Ρ‰Π΅ΠΉ систСмС худоТСствСнной ΠΊΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ‚ΡƒΡ€Ρ‹ ΠΊΠΎΡ€Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… малочислСнных Π½Π°Ρ€ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ² Π‘Π΅Π²Π΅Ρ€Π° Π Π€. На основС Π΄ΠΎΠΊΡƒΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ‚Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… источников Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡ€ΡƒΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ прСдпосылки развития Π½Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΈΠ·ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Π·ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ искусства Π² области Π³Ρ€Π°Ρ„ΠΈΠΊΠΈ, Тивописи ΠΈ рисунка Π² совСтский ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€ΠΈΠΎΠ΄. Π‘ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΡˆΠΎΠ΅ Π²Π½ΠΈΠΌΠ°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡƒΠ΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΎ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·Ρƒ творчСства ΠΎΡ‚Π΄Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… Ρ…ΡƒΠ΄ΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ² ΠΈΠ· числа ΠΊΠΎΡ€Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… малочислСнных Π½Π°Ρ€ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ² Π‘Π΅Π²Π΅Ρ€Π° Π Π€. ΠžΡ‚Π΄Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎ рассмотрСно Π½Π΅Π½Π΅Ρ†ΠΊΠΎΠ΅, долганскоС, нганасанскоС ΠΈ эвСнкийскоС ΠΈΠ·ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Π·ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠ΅ искусство. Π”Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹ΠΉ систСмный ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄ ΠΏΠΎΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠ» Π²Ρ‹ΡΠ²ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΠΎΠ±Ρ‰ΠΈΠ΅, Ρ‚Π°ΠΊ ΠΈ ΡƒΠ½ΠΈΠΊΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Π΅ Ρ‚Π΅Π½Π΄Π΅Π½Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ Π² Π²ΠΈΠ·ΡƒΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Π·Π°Ρ… Ρ…ΡƒΠ΄ΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ² ΠΈΠ· числа сСвСрных Π½Π°Ρ€ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ²The fine arts of the indigenous peoples of the North, Siberia and the Far East of the Russian Federation represent a special direction in the history of the development of national artistic culture. The article analyzes the place and role of fine arts in the general system of artistic culture of the indigenous peoples of the North of the Russian Federation. The preconditions for the development of the national fine arts in the field of graphics, painting and drawing in the Soviet period are analyzed on the basis of documentary sources. Much attention is paid to the analysis of the work of individual artists from among the indigenous peoples of the North of the Russian Federation. Nenets, Dolgan, Nganasan and Evenk fine arts are considered separately. This systematic approach made it possible to identify both common and unique trends in the visual images of artists from among the northern people

    Π˜ΡΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΡ изучСния измСнСния ΠΊΠ»ΠΈΠΌΠ°Ρ‚Π° Π² ΠšΡ€Π°ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡ€ΡΠΊΠΎΠΌ ΠΊΡ€Π°Π΅

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    The article is devoted to the analysis of the climate change studies’ history in the Krasnoyarsk Territory (Krai). The authors identified four stages; each has some characteristic historical events, the results of scientific research, which influenced the development of regional climatology and increased knowledge about the Krasnoyarsk Territory’s climate. The dynamics of the scientific knowledge development concerning climate was possible to study on the basis of the content analysis of both the works of the first Siberian climate researchers (A.I. Voeikov, A.F. Middendorf, A.P. Stepanov, etc.), and modern scientific works (D.F. Zhirnova, V.S. Myglan, B.T. Kochkin, etc.). The study’s result was an orderly knowledge system about the history of studying climate change in the Krasnoyarsk Territory. A tendency has been found to study the regional climate not only from the point of its change towards an increase in the average air temperature, but also from the point of the influence of anthropogenic factors on the increase in climatic indicators and climate change – on the life quality for the population of the Krasnoyarsk TerritoryΠ‘Ρ‚Π°Ρ‚ΡŒΡ посвящСна Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·Ρƒ истории изучСния измСнСния ΠΊΠ»ΠΈΠΌΠ°Ρ‚Π° Π² ΠšΡ€Π°ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡ€ΡΠΊΠΎΠΌ ΠΊΡ€Π°Π΅. Π’Ρ‹Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½Ρ‹ Ρ‡Π΅Ρ‚Ρ‹Ρ€Π΅ этапа, Π½Π° ΠΊΠ°ΠΆΠ΄ΠΎΠΌ ΠΈΠ· ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Ρ… приводится описаниС основных историчСских событий, Ρ€Π΅Π·ΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ‚Π°Ρ‚ΠΎΠ² Π½Π°ΡƒΡ‡Π½Ρ‹Ρ… исслСдований, ΠΏΠΎΠ²Π»ΠΈΡΠ²ΡˆΠΈΡ… Π½Π° Ρ€Π°Π·Π²ΠΈΡ‚ΠΈΠ΅ Ρ€Π΅Π³ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΊΠ»ΠΈΠΌΠ°Ρ‚ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠΈ, Ρ€Π°ΡΡˆΠΈΡ€Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π·Π½Π°Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΎ ΠΊΠ»ΠΈΠΌΠ°Ρ‚Π΅ ΠšΡ€Π°ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡ€ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ края. Π”ΠΈΠ½Π°ΠΌΠΈΠΊΡƒ развития Π½Π°ΡƒΡ‡Π½Ρ‹Ρ… Π·Π½Π°Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΎ ΠΊΠ»ΠΈΠΌΠ°Ρ‚Π΅ стало Π²ΠΎΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½Ρ‹ΠΌ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ Π½Π° основС Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π° содСрТания ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ Ρ‚Ρ€ΡƒΠ΄ΠΎΠ² ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π²Ρ‹Ρ… исслСдоватСлСй ΠΊΠ»ΠΈΠΌΠ°Ρ‚Π° Π‘ΠΈΠ±ΠΈΡ€ΠΈ – А.И. Π’ΠΎΠ΅ΠΉΠΊΠΎΠ²Π°, А.Π€. ΠœΠΈΠ΄Π΄Π΅Π½Π΄ΠΎΡ€Ρ„Π°, А.П. Π‘Ρ‚Π΅ΠΏΠ°Π½ΠΎΠ²Π° ΠΈ Π΄Ρ€., Ρ‚Π°ΠΊ ΠΈ соврСмСнных Π½Π°ΡƒΡ‡Π½Ρ‹Ρ… исслСдований, Π² частности Π”.Π€. Π–ΠΈΡ€Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ, Π’.Π‘. ΠœΡ‹Π³Π»Π°Π½, Π‘.Π’. ΠšΠΎΡ‡ΠΊΠΈΠ½Π° ΠΈ Π΄Ρ€. Π Π΅Π·ΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ‚Π°Ρ‚ΠΎΠΌ исслСдования стала упорядочСнная систСма Π·Π½Π°Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΎΠ± истории изучСния измСнСния ΠΊΠ»ΠΈΠΌΠ°Ρ‚Π° Π² ΠšΡ€Π°ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡ€ΡΠΊΠΎΠΌ ΠΊΡ€Π°Π΅. ΠžΠ±Π½Π°Ρ€ΡƒΠΆΠ΅Π½Π° тСндСнция изучСния Ρ€Π΅Π³ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΊΠ»ΠΈΠΌΠ°Ρ‚Π° Π½Π΅ Ρ‚ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠΊΠΎ с ΠΏΠΎΠ·ΠΈΡ†ΠΈΠΈ Π΅Π³ΠΎ измСнСния Π² сторону ΠΏΠΎΠ²Ρ‹ΡˆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ срСднСй Ρ‚Π΅ΠΌΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π°Ρ‚ΡƒΡ€Ρ‹ Π²ΠΎΠ·- Π΄ΡƒΡ…Π°, Π½ΠΎ ΠΈ Π²ΠΎ взаимовлиянии ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ Π°Π½Ρ‚Ρ€ΠΎΠΏΠΎΠ³Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… Ρ„Π°ΠΊΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠ² Π½Π° ΠΏΠΎΠ²Ρ‹ΡˆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ климатичСских ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»Π΅ΠΉ, Ρ‚Π°ΠΊ ΠΈ ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΊΠ»ΠΈΠΌΠ°Ρ‚Π° Π½Π° качСство ΠΆΠΈΠ·Π½ΠΈ насСлСния ΠšΡ€Π°ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡ€ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΊΡ€Π°

    Π˜ΡΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΡ изучСния измСнСния ΠΊΠ»ΠΈΠΌΠ°Ρ‚Π° Π² ΠšΡ€Π°ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡ€ΡΠΊΠΎΠΌ ΠΊΡ€Π°Π΅

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    The article is devoted to the analysis of the climate change studies’ history in the Krasnoyarsk Territory (Krai). The authors identified four stages; each has some characteristic historical events, the results of scientific research, which influenced the development of regional climatology and increased knowledge about the Krasnoyarsk Territory’s climate. The dynamics of the scientific knowledge development concerning climate was possible to study on the basis of the content analysis of both the works of the first Siberian climate researchers (A.I. Voeikov, A.F. Middendorf, A.P. Stepanov, etc.), and modern scientific works (D.F. Zhirnova, V.S. Myglan, B.T. Kochkin, etc.). The study’s result was an orderly knowledge system about the history of studying climate change in the Krasnoyarsk Territory. A tendency has been found to study the regional climate not only from the point of its change towards an increase in the average air temperature, but also from the point of the influence of anthropogenic factors on the increase in climatic indicators and climate change – on the life quality for the population of the Krasnoyarsk TerritoryΠ‘Ρ‚Π°Ρ‚ΡŒΡ посвящСна Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·Ρƒ истории изучСния измСнСния ΠΊΠ»ΠΈΠΌΠ°Ρ‚Π° Π² ΠšΡ€Π°ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡ€ΡΠΊΠΎΠΌ ΠΊΡ€Π°Π΅. Π’Ρ‹Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½Ρ‹ Ρ‡Π΅Ρ‚Ρ‹Ρ€Π΅ этапа, Π½Π° ΠΊΠ°ΠΆΠ΄ΠΎΠΌ ΠΈΠ· ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Ρ… приводится описаниС основных историчСских событий, Ρ€Π΅Π·ΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ‚Π°Ρ‚ΠΎΠ² Π½Π°ΡƒΡ‡Π½Ρ‹Ρ… исслСдований, ΠΏΠΎΠ²Π»ΠΈΡΠ²ΡˆΠΈΡ… Π½Π° Ρ€Π°Π·Π²ΠΈΡ‚ΠΈΠ΅ Ρ€Π΅Π³ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΊΠ»ΠΈΠΌΠ°Ρ‚ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠΈ, Ρ€Π°ΡΡˆΠΈΡ€Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π·Π½Π°Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΎ ΠΊΠ»ΠΈΠΌΠ°Ρ‚Π΅ ΠšΡ€Π°ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡ€ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ края. Π”ΠΈΠ½Π°ΠΌΠΈΠΊΡƒ развития Π½Π°ΡƒΡ‡Π½Ρ‹Ρ… Π·Π½Π°Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΎ ΠΊΠ»ΠΈΠΌΠ°Ρ‚Π΅ стало Π²ΠΎΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½Ρ‹ΠΌ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ Π½Π° основС Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π° содСрТания ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ Ρ‚Ρ€ΡƒΠ΄ΠΎΠ² ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π²Ρ‹Ρ… исслСдоватСлСй ΠΊΠ»ΠΈΠΌΠ°Ρ‚Π° Π‘ΠΈΠ±ΠΈΡ€ΠΈ – А.И. Π’ΠΎΠ΅ΠΉΠΊΠΎΠ²Π°, А.Π€. ΠœΠΈΠ΄Π΄Π΅Π½Π΄ΠΎΡ€Ρ„Π°, А.П. Π‘Ρ‚Π΅ΠΏΠ°Π½ΠΎΠ²Π° ΠΈ Π΄Ρ€., Ρ‚Π°ΠΊ ΠΈ соврСмСнных Π½Π°ΡƒΡ‡Π½Ρ‹Ρ… исслСдований, Π² частности Π”.Π€. Π–ΠΈΡ€Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ, Π’.Π‘. ΠœΡ‹Π³Π»Π°Π½, Π‘.Π’. ΠšΠΎΡ‡ΠΊΠΈΠ½Π° ΠΈ Π΄Ρ€. Π Π΅Π·ΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ‚Π°Ρ‚ΠΎΠΌ исслСдования стала упорядочСнная систСма Π·Π½Π°Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΎΠ± истории изучСния измСнСния ΠΊΠ»ΠΈΠΌΠ°Ρ‚Π° Π² ΠšΡ€Π°ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡ€ΡΠΊΠΎΠΌ ΠΊΡ€Π°Π΅. ΠžΠ±Π½Π°Ρ€ΡƒΠΆΠ΅Π½Π° тСндСнция изучСния Ρ€Π΅Π³ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΊΠ»ΠΈΠΌΠ°Ρ‚Π° Π½Π΅ Ρ‚ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠΊΠΎ с ΠΏΠΎΠ·ΠΈΡ†ΠΈΠΈ Π΅Π³ΠΎ измСнСния Π² сторону ΠΏΠΎΠ²Ρ‹ΡˆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ срСднСй Ρ‚Π΅ΠΌΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π°Ρ‚ΡƒΡ€Ρ‹ Π²ΠΎΠ·- Π΄ΡƒΡ…Π°, Π½ΠΎ ΠΈ Π²ΠΎ взаимовлиянии ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ Π°Π½Ρ‚Ρ€ΠΎΠΏΠΎΠ³Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… Ρ„Π°ΠΊΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠ² Π½Π° ΠΏΠΎΠ²Ρ‹ΡˆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ климатичСских ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»Π΅ΠΉ, Ρ‚Π°ΠΊ ΠΈ ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΊΠ»ΠΈΠΌΠ°Ρ‚Π° Π½Π° качСство ΠΆΠΈΠ·Π½ΠΈ насСлСния ΠšΡ€Π°ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡ€ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΊΡ€Π°

    THE IMAGE OF GYPSIES IN THE CONTEMPORARY RUSSIAN SOCIETY

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    of Gypsies (including their individual representatives) cause such violent surges of discontent that can be settled only by law enforcement authorities. For example, in August 2016 in Ukrainian village of Loschinovka there were pogroms of houses inhabited by Gypsy families, in response to the murder of a local girl by a Gypsy; in March 2016, in Tula village of Plekhanovo enforcement authorities were engaged in connection with the illegal tapping into the gas pipeline by the local Gypsies, etc. This paper studies public perception of Gypsies, forcing violent and abrupt reactions of other people to actions of Gypsies; it also investigates the causes of such perception, ways of their formation and possibilities of their change. The study is based on the discussion in the β€œLive journal” in August 2016, initiated by a Gypsy, in which young parents took part. The research method is narrative analysis. The contributing opinions to the discussion (more than 400), have been analyzed from the perspective of the image, the Russians have of Gypsies, and the features that are considered most typical. The following components of the image of Gypsies were analyzed in the study: appearance, places of settlement, types of employment, victims of Gypsies, techniques for resisting Gypsies, attitude to Gypsies, attitude of Gypsies towards Gypsies and non- Gypsies, ways to change the attitude towards Gypsies. The Gypsies are identified by the representatives of other ethnic groups primarily by their appearance, occupation and places of settlement. The victims of illegal actions of Gypsies are mainly women. The techniques to resist Gypsies are ignoring them, using their own methods, search for protection. Gypsies clearly identify people as their own kind and others, which they appear to do on the basis of blood relations. They actively and even aggressively protect people of their own kind; the attitude to others is bad. Gypsies believe constructivism is the means to change the attitude of other people towards them. Representatives of other ethnic groups believe that constructivism can be applied only on the basis of Gypsies’ modifying their own behaviour
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