Sadržaj esencijalnih i teških metala u divljim i kultiviranim vrstama metvice iz Bosne i Hercegovine

Both essential and heavy metals play important roles in human health and diseases. The aim of the present study was to determinate concentrations of essential and heavy metals, such as Na, K, Ca, Mg, Cu, Cr, Mn, Ni, Fe, Pb, Zn, and Cd, in the leaves of Mentha longifolia L. and Mentha × piperita L. The plant material samples were collected from six different locations in Bosnia and Herzegovina (B&H), at selected distances from heavy metal pollution sources. Wet digestion was applied for the dissolution of samples and essential and heavy metals concentrations were analysed by flame atomic absorption spectrometry and (FAAS). Results of the analysis (expressed as mg g–1) were obtained as follows: Na 2.08–4.12; K 14.85–22.54; Ca 9.06–15.53; Mg 1.93–3.12; Cu 0.01–0.05; Cr 0.70–0.90; Mn 0.02–0.09; Ni 1.10–7.00; Fe 0.06–1.11; Pb 0.10–0.90; Zn 0.01–0.04. The cadmium concentration in all samples was below the detection limit by FAAS. Strong correlation between Ni and Pb, as well as Ni and Fe, confirmed mostly environmental and processing influence/impact. In conclusion, Mentha longifolia L. and Mentha × piperita L. can be used in daily consumption considering the high content of essential metals Fe, Cu, Mg, and Zn, and their beneficial effects on normal body function. In addition, there is no risk of heavy metals to human health after consuming these samples due to lower concentrations.Esencijalni i teški metali imaju ključnu ulogu na ljudsko zdravlje i bolesti. Cilj ove studije bio je odrediti koncentracije esencijalnih i teških metala kao što su Na, K, Ca, Mg, Cu, Cr, Mn, Ni, Fe, Pb, Zn i Cd u lišću Mentha longifolia L. i Mentha × piperita L. Uzorci biljnog materijala prikupljeni su sa šest različitih lokacija Bosne i Hercegovine (BiH), na odabranim udaljenostima od izvora onečišćenja teškim metalima. Za otapanje uzoraka primijenjena je mokra digestija, a koncentracije esencijalnih i teških metala analizirane su plamenom atomskom apsorpcijskom spektrometrijom (PAAS). Rezultati analize (izraženi u mg g–1) dobiveni su kako slijedi: Na 2,08 – 4,12; K 14,85 – 22,54; Ca 9,06 – 15,53; Mg 1,93 – 3,12; Cu 0,01 – 0,05; Cr 0,70 – 0,90; Mn 0,02 – 0,09; Ni 1.10 – 7,00; Fe 0,06 – 1,11; Pb 0,10 – 0,90; Zn 0,01 – 0,04. Koncentracija kadmija od 0,002 mg l−1 bila je ispod granice detekcije PAAS-a. Snažna povezanost između Ni i Pb, kao i Ni i Fe, uglavnom je potvrdila utjecaj okoline i procesa prerade. Zaključno, Mentha longifolia L. i Mentha × piperita L. mogu se svakodnevno konzumirati s obzirom na visok sadržaj Fe, Cu, Mg i Zn i njihove blagotvorne učinke na normalno funkcioniranje organizma. Dodatno, nakon konzumiranja tih uzoraka ne postoji rizik od teških metala za ljudsko zdravlje zbog niskih koncentracija

POLYMERIC MATERIALS IN GLUING TECHNIQUES

Polymeric materials have an important role in gluing technology due to their broad application in the wood industry, metal industry, glass, and ceramics industry as well as medicine. This article discusses the basic physicochemical aspects of bonding with adhesives and also, the mechanisms of action of the adhesive materials during bonding based on polymerization processes and different types of polymerization. It was emphasized that depending on the material used in gluing, various adhesives with different physicochemical characteristics facilitate and contribute to the quality of the bonded joints. In this way, it is an insured procedure that is suitable for materials that are sensitive to the effects of heat, because welding and soldering would deform the base material and often the total degradation of its mechanical properties

Spektrofotometrijsko određivanje sadržaja magnezijeva oksida u pripravcima s magnezijem

Magnesium is an essential element and the intracellular divalent cation involved in many biochemical functions. People with magnesium deficiency must increase their intake of magnesium, usually in the form of various supplements. A common form of magnesium supplement widely available in pharmacies is magnesium oxide (MgO). In this work, the content of MgO was determined in pharmaceutical supplementations using spectrophotometry, based on the reaction between magnesium ions and eriochrome black T at a wavelength of 535 nm. The analysed content of MgO ranged from 360.5 to 386.5 mg MgO, which corresponds to the daily Mg recommended values (300 to 400 mg). This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.Magnezij je esencijalni element i intrastanični dvovalentni kation uključen u više biokemijskih funkcija. Osobe s manjkom magnezija moraju ga dodatno unositi i to često u obliku različitih pripravaka. Magnezijev oksid (MgO) najčešći je oblik pripravka s magnezijem koji je široko dostupan u ljekarnama. U ovom radu spektrofotometrijom je određen sadržaj MgO u farmaceutskim dodatcima temeljen na reakciji između magnezijevih iona i eriokrom crnog T na valnoj duljini od 535 nm. Analizirani sadržaj MgO kretao se u rasponu od 360,5 do 386,5 mg MgO, što odgovara dnevnim preporučenim vrijednostima unosa Mg (300 do 400 mg). Ovo djelo je dano na korištenje pod licencom Creative Commons Imenovanje 4.0 međunarodna

Physical and Chemical Properties of Selected Sample of Castor Oil, Ricinus communis L.

The seeds of the castor oil plant (Ricinus communis L.) are commonly used for obtaining castor oil that has various use in several industries, such as chemical, pharmaceutical, agricultural, and other industrial sectors. It is utilised for the production of care products, such as soaps and shampoo, lubricants, plastics, etc. Previous research has shown the benefits of using castor oil as a biodiesel and a renewable energy source. The aim of this work was to determine the physical and chemical properties of castor oil. Physical and chemical properties of selected sample of castor oil were analysed according to standard analytical methods for fats and oils. The results of analysis showed that castor oil, due to its physical and chemical properties, has a potential and relevance in cosmetic and pharmaceutical application. It can be used as raw material in different formulations, as well as for production of valuable co-products, such as glycerol

Fizička i kemijska svojstva odabranog uzorka ulja ricinusa, Ricinus communis L.

The seeds of the castor oil plant (Ricinus communis L.) are commonly used for obtaining castor oil that has various use in several industries, such as chemical, pharmaceutical, agricultural, and other industrial sectors. It is utilised for the production of care products, such as soaps and shampoo, lubricants, plastics, etc. Previous research has shown the benefits of using castor oil as a biodiesel and a renewable energy source. The aim of this work was to determine the physical and chemical properties of castor oil. Physical and chemical properties of selected sample of castor oil were analysed according to standard analytical methods for fats and oils. The results of analysis showed that castor oil, due to its physical and chemical properties, has a potential and relevance in cosmetic and pharmaceutical application. It can be used as raw material in different formulations, as well as for production of valuable co-products, such as glycerol.Sjemenke biljke ricinusa (Ricinus communis L.) obično se upotrebljavaju za dobivanje ricinusova ulja, koje ima različitu primjenu u nekoliko industrija, kao što su kemijska, farmaceutska, poljoprivredna i druge industrijske grane. Upotrebljava se za proizvodnju sredstava za njegu, kao što su sapuni i šamponi, lubrikanti, plastika itd. Prethodna istraživanja pokazala su prednosti uporabe ricinusova ulja kao biodizela i obnovljivog izvora energije. Cilj ovog rada bio je odrediti fizička i kemijska svojstva ricinusova ulja. Fizička i kemijska svojstva odabranog uzorka ricinusova ulja analizirana su prema standardnim analitičkim metodama za masti i ulja. Rezultati analize pokazali su da ricinusovo ulje zbog svojih fizičkih i kemijskih svojstava ima potencijal i značaj u kozmetičkoj i farmaceutskoj primjeni. Može se upotrebljavati kao sirovina u različitim formulacijama, kao i za proizvodnju vrijednih nusproizvoda, poput glicerola

Age and gender related differences in free fatty acid levels in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus

Introduction: Several decades of basic science and animal research provided considerable support for significant role of plasma free fatty acids (FFAs) in etiology of Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Contradicting data related to signifi cance of elevated FFAs in plasma of patients with Type 2 diabetes prompted us to study concentrations of palmitic acid, stearic acid, and linoleic acid, in patients and healthy controls in an attempt to possibly use them as potential biomarkers in progression of the disease. Since aging is associated withincreased plasma glucose and insulin levels that are consistent with an insulin resistant state, in this study,age differences in the concentration of the above mentioned acids were tested.Methods: Progressive changes in their concentrations were followed through a period 6 months. All subjects included in the study were free of evidence of hepatitis B or C viral infection or active liver and kidney damage. Analysis of glucose and glycated hemoglobin levels were performed on BT PLUS 2000 analyzer using standard IFCC protocols, while concentrations of FFAs were analyzed by gas chromatography.Results: Our data demonstrated signifi cantly higher FFA values in plasma of diabetic patients as compared to healthy controls. There was a trend of correlation of FFAs levels with the blood glucose levels in diabetic patients, which was more prominent in diabetic men than in women.Conclusion: With aging, levels of free fatty acids signifi cantly increased in plasma of diabetic patients, and this effect was also more profound in male than in female diabetics