The Status of Antioxidants and Oxidative Damage in Patients with COVID-19

Purpose: COVID-19 is a viral disease that has recently caused a pandemic and significantly affects human health. In this study, superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, glutathione, total thiol, natural thiol, disulfide, oxidative DNA damage and malondialdehyde levels in COVID-19 were investigated. Materials and Methods: Thirty-five patients and 35 healthy volunteers were included in this study. The diagnosis of COVID-19 was made by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction. Serum glutathione, glutathione peroxidase, superoxide dismutase, natural thiol, total thiol and disulphide levels by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and malondialdehyde and 8-hydroxy-2-deoxyguanosine/10⁶ deoxyguanosine levels by high-pressure liquid chromatography measured. Results: While serum superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, malondialdehyde, 8-hydroxy-2-deoxyguanosine/10⁶ deoxyguanosine, disulfide levels were higher in the COVID-19 patient group than in the healthy control group, glutathione, total thiol, natural thiol levels were lower. In addition, there was a negative correlation between 8-hydroxy-2-deoxyguanosine/10⁶ deoxyguanosine and glutathione, natural thiol and total thiol, and a positive correlation with disulfide. Conclusion: This study revealed that serum superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, malondialdehyde, 8-hydroxy-2-deoxyguanosine/10⁶ deoxyguanosine, and disulfide levels increased and glutathione, thiol and natural thiol levels decreased in COVID-19 patients. These results revealed that there was a decrease in antioxidant marker levels and an increase in oxidative stress markers in COVID-19 patients

Biochemical components, enzyme inhibitory, antioxidant and antimicrobial activities in endemic plant Scilla mesopotamica speta

In this study, in vitro antioxidant, antimicrobial, anticholinesterase and phenolic profile of different solvent extracts of Scilla mesopotamica speta were determined in detail. In vitro antioxidant activities and total phenolic and flavonoid contents of plant extracts obtained with different solvents were tested in terms of 2.2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free radical scavenging activities. The highest total phenolic and total flavonoid contents were determined in the ethyl acetate extract (62.24 mu g GAE/mg) and chloroform extract (87.72 mu g QE/mg) respectively. The highest DPPH radical scavenging activity was detected in ethyl acetate extracts. Antimicrobial and antifungal activities were investigated by MIC method. The inhibitory activities of the extracts on the acetyl cholinesterase enzyme were investigated. Liquid chromatography (LC) tandem mass spectrometry LC-MS/MS was used to determine the phenolic component content of extracts. Thirty-one different components were identified in the analyses and their amounts were measured. Practical applications Scilla mesopotamica speta is an endemic and medicinal plant. It was determined that the extracts of this plant had a very rich content in terms of phenolic compounds, especially caffeic and ferulic acids. However, this plant was remarkable for its antioxidant, anticholinesterase, and antimicrobial activities. Considering the strong antioxidant, antimicrobial, and enzyme inhibition activities of the Scilla mesopotamica speta it can be suggested as a source of anticancer, antimicrobial, and antiviral drugs