Non-standardized form of CAPM and stock returns

Emerging markets like Pakistan confront with the problem to validate the CAPM in its original form. Since standard form of this model has unrealistic assumptions, different non-standardized forms have been introduced by different researchers. This paper also introduces a non-standardized form of CAPM to validate whether it is applicable in Pakistan. The data of 20 companies of different sectors, covering the period of 2007 to 2008 were collected. One year KIBOR is taken in replacement of T-bill rates. Beta 3 is calculated using an equation to show the negative relationship between interest rate and market returns. The results of regression analysis reveal mixed results. For instance, mean return of companies in cement and chemical sector is linearly related to its beta risk while other sectors have volatile results

Non-standardized form of CAPM and stock returns

Emerging markets like Pakistan confront with the problem to validate the CAPM in its original form. Since standard form of this model has unrealistic assumptions, different non-standardized forms have been introduced by different researchers. This paper also introduces a non-standardized form of CAPM to validate whether it is applicable in Pakistan. The data of 20 companies of different sectors, covering the period of 2007 to 2008 were collected. One year KIBOR is taken in replacement of T-bill rates. Beta 3 is calculated using an equation to show the negative relationship between interest rate and market returns. The results of regression analysis reveal mixed results. For instance, mean return of companies in cement and chemical sector is linearly related to its beta risk while other sectors have volatile results.CAPM, Corporate Finance, Market Return

SOLUSI DESAIN APLIKASI BELAJAR MEMBACA ANAK USIA DINI TERHADAP KESESUAIAN KEBUTUHAN PENGGUNA MENGGUNAKAN UX JOURNEY

Problems: This research aims to overcome the problem of formal and monotonous early childhood reading in their learning media by providing interesting and enjoyable learning experience through the use of gadgets, integrating modern technology with traditional learning. Method: The research method used is the UX Journey, which combines needs exploration and understanding of user experience to produce effective design solutions, with a focus on overcoming challenges in meeting user needs and providing appropriate solutions. Results: The results after testing showed that the ReadFun application design solution successfully met user needs and received positive responses. Conclusion: This research resulted in an application design solution called ReadFun that meets the needs of parents. The app includes features such as syllable memorization, picture guessing, and story reading with text, pictures, and sounds. The research involved validation and verification using Acceptance Criteria and Requirement Metric to ensure that the app meets quality standards and user needs. Thus, the UX Journey method helps in meeting user expectations and needs

Price Earning Ratio and Market to Book Ratio

This paper studies the effects of P/E ratio and M/B ratio on stock return of listed firms with Karachi Stock Exchange in the Textile sector of Pakistan. A total of 30 major firms out of 162 in the textile sector listed with the Karachi Stock Exchange for the period of 2001-2006 were selected on the basis of their size in terms of total assets. Firms which have larger size in terms of total assets among 162 firms were selected in this paper. The study reveals that the firms in an exclusive sector exhibit unique attributes that are sector specific and cannot be applied to or judged by combined analysis of the industry. The result shows that coefficients of independent variables are statistically insignificant. This means that stock return is not depending on any of the two independent variables. Besides insignificant coefficients, coefficients of determination are also very low in each case. This means that a very low percentage of change in stock return is explained by these two variables. The data was analyzed by running linear regression. Two independent variables i.e. P/E ratio and M/B ratio were selected to see their effects on stock return. Multiple regression models along with a measure of correlation were used to study the effect of the independent variables on the dependent variable. The results for the study revealed that stock return is independent of the two independent variables studied in this paper.P/E Ratio, M/B Ratio, Stock Return, Fundamental Analysis

Detection of Heart Valve Function Disorders with Artificial Neural Network (ANN) Algorithm

Heart disease insidents has generated mortalities at a young age, hindering the occurrence of the 2045 golden generation as one of the determining factors for the occurrence of advanced Indonesia. The occurrence of heart disease is due to abnormalities in the function of the heart valves. To determine the presence of abnormalities in the function of the heart valves, it is thus necessary to recognize the pattern of heart sounds. This study aims to detect abnormalities in the heart valves, by distinguishing normal heart sounds from abnormal heart sounds by employing a neural network. Neural network serves as one method with the ability to study patterns from a data. The system built in this research utilizes the Artificial Neural Network (ANN) algorithm