Balkabaklı dondurmada farklı stabiliörlerin etkilerinin incelenmesi

06.03.2018 tarihli ve 30352 sayılı Resmi Gazetede yayımlanan “Yükseköğretim Kanunu İle Bazı Kanun Ve Kanun Hükmünde Kararnamelerde Değişiklik Yapılması Hakkında Kanun” ile 18.06.2018 tarihli “Lisansüstü Tezlerin Elektronik Ortamda Toplanması, Düzenlenmesi ve Erişime Açılmasına İlişkin Yönerge” gereğince tam metin erişime açılmıştır.Anahtar kelimeler: Dondurma, karragenan, keçiboynuzu gamı, pektin, tekstür Bu çalışmada, yüksek lif ve karotenoid içeriği bakımından zengin ve sağlığa olan faydaları yapılan çalışmalarla da ispatlanan balkabağının dondurmaya işlenebilirliğinin araştırılmasına katkı sağlamak ve aynı zamanda dondurma formülasyonuna eklenen farklı çeşit ve oranlardaki stabilizörlerin balkabaklı dondurma yapısına katkılarını ortaya koymak amaçlanmıştır. Bu amaçla balkabakları soyulup küp şeklinde doğrandıktan sonra 1 saat boyunca suda haşlanmış (balkabağı: su 1: 1/2 w/v) ve karışım mikserden geçirilerek püre haline getirilmiştir. Püre haline dönüştürülen balkabağı liyofilizasyon (dondurarak kurutma) tekniği ile (-45 °C'de 0,045 mbar'da ) kurutulmuştur. Kurutulan ürünler daha sonra toz haline getirilerek balkabağı tozu elde edilmiştir. Stabilizör olarak karragenan, keçiboynuzu, pektin ve bu üç stabilizörün farklı oranlardaki (%0,0-0,1-0,2) kombinasyonları kullanılmıştır. Balkabaklı dondurma üretiminde farklı çeşit ve oranlarda kullanılan stabilizörlerin dondurmaların fiziksel, kimyasal ve duyusal özellikleri üzerine etkisi araştırılmıştır. Araştırmada stabilizör çeşit ve katım oranının dondurmaların pH, titrasyon asitliği, kuru madde, viskozite, hacim artışı, sertlik, ilk damlama ve tamamen erime süreleri, renk değerleri (L, a ve b) ve duyusal özellikleri üzerine etkisi önemli (P<0,05) bulunmuştur. Yapılan duyusal analizlere göre %0,1 karragenan, %0,2 keçiboynuzu ve %0,2 pektin içeren dordurma örneği en çok beğenilen dondurma olmuştur. Ayrıca besleyici değeri yüksek bir gıda maddesi olan balkabağının dondurmada kullanılabileceği ve duyusal olarak herhangi bir olumsuz etkisinin bulunmadığı belirlenmiştir.Keywords: Ice cream, carrageenan, locust bean gum, pectin, texture The aim of this study is to contribute to the investigation of the machinability of pumpkin to ice cream, which is rich in high fiber and carotenoids content, and with health benefits. It is also to reveal the contribution of the stabilizers of different varieties and proportions added to the ice cream formulation to the pumpkin ice cream structure. For this purpose, the pumpkins were cut into cubes and boiled in water for 1 hour (pumpkin: water 1: 1/2 w/v) and the mixture was made into a mash by mixing. The mashed pumpkin was dried with lyophilization (freeze-drying) (at 0,045 mbar at -45 °C). The dried products were then pulverized to obtain pumpkin powder. As stabilizers, combinations of carrageenan, locust bean gum, pectin and these three stabilizers in different ratios (0,0-0,1-0,2%) were used. The effect of stabilizers used in different varieties and proportions on the physical, chemical and sensory properties of ice-cream was investigated. In the research, the effect of the stabilizer type and the contribution ratio on pH, titration acidity, dry matter, viscosity, volume increase, hardness, first drip and total melting times, color values (L, a and b) and sensory properties of ice cream were significant (P<0,05). According to the sensory analysis, the most popular ice cream sample was 0,1% carrageenan, 0,2% locust bean gum and 0,2% pectin. In addition, it was determined that pumpkin, which is a high nutritional value, can be used in ice cream and has no sensory negative effects

Congenital Cervical Dermal Sinuses

Congenital dermal sinuses are epithelium-lined tracts that extend from an opening in the skin through deeper tissues. These sinuses consist of incompletely separated cutaneous ectoderm from the neuroectoderm due to embryological maldevelopment. We present two cases of cervical dermal sinus that presented to our outpatient clinic with diminished hand muscle strength. These two cervical dermal sinus cases were followed-up with the diagnosis of polyneuropathy and motor neuron disease based on atrophy and weakness of the intrinsic hand muscles. The pathophysiology of the cases is discusse

Violent behaviour among Turkish high school students and correlates of physical fighting

Background: The purpose of this study was to provide data about the prevalence of violent behaviour among high school students living in Istanbul and to determine the correlates of physical fighting. Method: This study involved the completion of a modified version of 'Health Behaviour in School Age Children (HBSC) 1997/1998' survey questionnaire by 4153 grade 9-11 students. Chi square tests and forward stepwise multiple logistic regression models were used for statistical analyses. Results: During the last 12 months preceding the survey 42% of students (n=1720) reported that they had been in a physical fight; 7% (n=274) reported that they were involved in a fight which required medical treatment. During the last school term 19% (n=768) bullied others at school; 30% (n=1255) reported having been bullied at school; 7% (n=309) reported that they had been bullied with a weapon on school grounds; 8% (n=346) reported that they carried a weapon on school grounds. In logistic regression analyses being male, poor mental health score, being sexually active, current cigarette use, illicit drug use, not using seat belts, bullying, being bullied with a weapon, carrying a weapon, spending more time with friends, poor school image and physical abuse were found to be associated with fighting. Conclusion: Violent behaviour is common in high school students. There is a strong need for violence prevention programmes in schools

Sexual abuse among female high school students in Istanbul, Turkey

Objective: The objective of the study was to determine the prevalence of sexual abuse in female adolescents in Istanbul, Turkey from data collected as part of a school-based population study on health and health behaviors

Alcohol drinking behaviors among Turkish high school students

The aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence, behavioral patterns and correlates of regular alcohol drinking in high school students

Perceived health status in a Turkish adolescent sample: risk and protective factors

The objective of this study was to investigate health status of Turkish adolescents and to determine the factors affecting their self perceptions of health. The subjects of the study were 4,153 grade 9-11 students from 26 randomly selected high schools in Istanbul. In total, 78% (n=3231) and 62% (n=2537) of the students reported that they were feeling healthy and happy, respectively. Prevalence of headache, abdominal pain and backache; feeling low, irritable, nervous and dizzy; medication use for headache, abdominal pain and nervousness were higher in females than in males (P<0.05 for each comparison). Prevalence of difficulty in getting to sleep and medication use for it were quite similar in both genders. Perceived higher socio-economic status, feeling happy and exercising longer than 2-3 h a week were found as protective factors related to feeling healthy for both genders. In females, ease of talking to mother and perceived adequate parental support on school matters and in males, ease of talking to father and satisfaction with body size were protective factors related to feeling healthy, respectively. Cigarette smoking and having headaches put feeling healthy at risk in both genders. In females, feeling left out of things, having backache and dizziness and medication use for nervousness and in males, feeling pressured by school work, abdominal pain and difficulty in getting to sleep were risk factors related to feeling healthy, respectively. Conclusion: the findings of this study suggest that a significant number of Turkish adolescents perceive themselves as not very healthy and experience psychosomatic symptoms. Perception of health differed to some extent according to gender. Programmes promoting health-related activities and coping strategies with parental participation need to be developed for improving health in high school students

Diagnostic Clues in Multiple System Atrophy: A Case Report and Literature Review

Multiple system atrophy (MSA) is an adult-onset, sporadic, progressive neurodegenerative disease. According to the consensus criteria, patients with MSA are clinically classified into cerebellar (MSA-C) and parkinsonian (MSA-P) subtype. Besides the poor response to levodopa, and the additional presence of pyramidal or cerebellar signs (ataxia) or autonomic failure as major diagnostic criteria, certain other clinical features known as ‘‘red flags’’ or warning signs may raise the clinical suspicion of MSA. Case report: A 67-year-old woman was admitted to our hospital due to inability to walk. Neurological examination revealed severe Parkinsonism with poor response to levodopa therapy, ataxia. Brain MR imaging showed severe atrophy of the cerebellum, pons, minimal cerebrum, and revealed cross section at the pons in the axial section. Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) was normal, Median SEP within normal limits but left Tibial SEP was longer than right side (right: 41, left: 44.2). Although sympathetic skin response of upper extremities was normal, the sympathetic skin responses of lower extremities were absent. RR interval study and a graded head-up tilt test were consistent with autonomic dysfunction. We report a patient with MSA because in clinical practice a case who fullfits all criteria is really rare