Evaluation of skin irritation in rats using simultaneous laser Doppler flowmetry and oxygenation monitoring

© 2016, Springer Science+Business Media New York.The possibility of assessment of skin irritation in rats with the use of simultaneous laser Doppler flowmetry (LDF) and oxygenation monitoring was investigated. The study was designed according to ISO 10993-10 using formaldehyde as a model irritant. 4-Hour application of 1 % formaldehyde induced significant local increase in skin microcirculation for the first 2 days by a factor of up to 2.4, whereas tissue oxygenation increased in much lower extent. The microcirculation was significantly inhibited by 10 % formaldehyde following treatment and then it gradually increased for 24 and 48 h of recovery period. The results correlated with visual evaluation of skin edema and erythema in treated zones. LDF/oxygenation signals provide early information on skin irritation and damage in rat model. The technique is valuable for preclinical/toxicological studies of chemical substances and medical materials

Application of Interdisciplinary Research Method in Studying Cultural Heroes in Legends During Van Lang-Au Lac Period

The natural properties are one typical feature of folklore. In order to deal with these natural phenomena, it is essential that an appropriate method, especially the interdisciplinary research method be applied. Indeed, the use of this method to identify some cultural heroes during Van Lang-Au Lac period has gained a profound and comprehensive insight. The nature of folklore phenomena is normally the combination of a variety of symbols and values. It is this method that helps the researcher have a thorough analysis of those characters under which varied meanings, cultural values, religious and mythical factors are weaved together with a view to shaping a typical cultural hero during Van Lang-Au Lac period such as Lac Long Quan, Au Cơ, Son Tinh, An Duong Vuong

Electronic Commerce and Danang Consumer's Attitude

The consumer's attitude is one of the psychological factors that strongly affect their behaviors and purchasing decision. The attitude of consumers about an object is the basis that helps businesses to be aware of their reactions through the stimuli from the environment. But the exact measurement of consumer's attitude is a matter of concern.This article is made for the purpose of measuring Danang consumer\'s attitude in terms of Electronic Commerce (EC). Within the scope of this article, the author has applied the multi-attribute model of Fishbein in association with the information data collected and actual assessment of consumers to measure their attitude towards the form of Electronic Commerce (EC)

Hợp Tác Giữa Các Doanh Nghiệp Logistics Trong Vùng Kinh Tế Trọng Điểm Miền Trung

This article analyzes major factors that influence cooperation among logistics firms in the key economic zone of Central Vietnam, thereby proposing suggestions to effectively promote their cooperation. By means of qualitative research with in-depth interviews, this article has identified the factors affecting the cooperation, the status quo of the cooperation and ways for the logistics firms in the above zone to successfully cooperate with each other. Research results show that the cooperation among these firms is chiefly based on personal relationships, and only promoted when there is a clear demand for specific objectives. Besides, the study points out four determinants of the cooperation including benefits, trust, commitment and connection among the firms. In addition, the cooperation success depends on four phases of the cooperation process namely strategic positioning, design, implementation and control

Enhancing the Quality of Multiple-choice Tests Using Clustering Algorithm to Mine Test Results

Currently, working out exam papers depend almost entirely on the subjective opinions of individual faculty members or the exam boards. Multiple test software has given test questions mainly taken randomly from the question groups. However, in some situations, test results from test takers might not reflect the teacher's opinions correctly. This research aims to use rating from teachers and mining from test results in the past to generate new tests with equal level of difficulty. Clustering algorithm combined with proposed test question distribution is used in this study to mine data of test results. The experiment implemented in Ho Chi Minh University of Economics has reflected the result of the research

A Study of the Factors That Affect Consumes'r Perception Value of Supermarkets in Da Nang

This article aims to identify factors that influence consumers' perception value of supermarkets in Da Nang. Data is collected from 150 consumers who are frequent customers of supermarkets via questionnaires which are then analyzed by means of SPSS software.The results point out five factors that are considered to affect consumers' perception value of the supermarket including: “Prices”, “Staff's attitude”, “Supermarket space”, “Facilities, “Trust”.Particularly, \"Facilities\" has the strongest influence on consumers' perception value and the least strong is “Supermarket space”. Based on the research findings, the article also provides several suggestions to increase customers' perception value of supermarkets in Da Nang city

Improving Labour Quality In Non-state Enterprises In Kon Tum Province In The 2016 - 2020 Period

In line with the general trend of the country, non-state enterprises in Kon Tum province constitute a dynamic economic sector. They play an increasingly important role in economic and social development, making a positive contribution to the process of industrialization-modernization and International integration. The rapid rise of non-state enterprises in Kon Tum province has led to urgent demands for development in both scale and quality of its labour resources. Meanwhile, according to  analyses done by the authors of this article of the status quo of  labour in non-state enterprises in Kon Tum since 2010, its workforce still shows a low level of professional ability, skills and professional competence. Based on the results from data analyses and researches on human resource development policies of Kon Tum, the article makes some recommendations to improve the labour quality in non-state enterprises in Kon Tum in the 2016 - 2020 period

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165 tr. ; 19 cm