Correlation between p53 expression and clinical-pathological characteristics of gastric cancer

Backgraund/Aim. Gene p53, or “cell genome keeper”, has a preventive effect on the occurrence of genetic aberrations and prevents abnormal expansion of (tumor) cells. In gastric cancer cells in most cases we register high expression of mutated p53 gene, which correlates with prognosis and specific clinicalpathological characteristics of gastric cancer. Methods. Using the imunohistochemical method we determined the level of expression of p53 protein in 62 gastric cancers and 30 precancerous conditions (intestinal metaplasia of the stomach). We analyzed the relationship of the level of p53 expression and clinical pathological characteristics of gastric cancer. Results. Expression of p53 was positive in 42 (67.7%) tumor cases and in 7 (14.3%) cases of intestinal metaplasia. Expression of P53 and stomach cancer were in direct correlation (p = 0.000). Sensitivity for p53 in stomach cancer cases was 67.7% (42/62), and specifility was 76.7% (23/30). Expression of mutated p53 protein was in direct correlation with the invasion of lymph nodes (p = 0.034) and with invasion of blood vessels by carcinoma cells (p = 0.042). Conclusion. There is a direct correlation between p53 expression and gastric cancer and it indicates the ability of carcinoma cells to invade blood vessels

Ophthalmologic Examination of the Child

The ophthalmologic examination of the child consists of an assessment of the physiological function, anatomic eye, and visual system status. A comprehensive eye examination of the child should include history of presenting problem, patient’s and family’s medical histories, estimation of fixation and measurement of visual acuity, assessment of binocular vision, Bruckner test, assessment of ocular motility, Hirschberg’s test, cover/uncover test, and assessment of anterior and posterior segments. The order of examination may vary depending on the child’s cooperation. The record of the child’s level of cooperation during the examination is of great benefit in the interpretation of the results

Intraocular Lens (IOL) Materials

In 1949, first intraocular lens (IOL) insertion after cataract surgery was performed by Sir Harold Ridley, in London. Only in the 1970s, the IOL insertion after cataract surgery began to be a standard procedure. The material the first IOL-s were composed of was polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA). The PMMA is a rigid material and the corneal incision had to be at least as big as the IOLs optic and it became its biggest disadvantage in the cataract surgery. The main goal of modern cataract surgery is as smallest incision possible, so the IOL-s had to be flexible and therefore foldable. This goal was achieved by improvements in the IOL design and materials that made them foldable. First foldable IOL-s were made of hydrogel but they were unstable and the development of the first silicone IOL-s overcame that problem. Foldable silicone IOL-s were first implanted in 1978 by Kai-yi Zhou. Foldable IOL’s benefits are its compatibility with a small incision surgery that is self-sealing procedure and the possibility of insertion by a single-use applicators that made the surgery safer. In the future, we can expect some new, different and innovative approaches in the IOL design and materials

Combined lymphangioma and hemangioma of the spleen in a patient with Klippel–Trénaunay syndrome

Introduction. Klippel–Trénaunay syndrome (KTS) is a very rare congenital anomaly of blood vessels, characterized by the following clinical triad: varicose superficial veins, port-wine stain and usually bony and soft tissue hypertophy of extremities, most often located in the lower extremities. It is often accompanied by visceral manifestations, and rarely combined with splenomegaly. Case Outline. A 30-year-old female patient came to the Surgery Clinic because of occasional left hypochondrial pain. After she was diagnosed with KTS combined with splenomegaly, splenectomy was performed. Macroscopic and microscopic spleen examination indicated the presence of tumor of vascular origin, presenting a combination of lymphangioma and hemangioma. Conclusion. Diagnosed KTS demands a thorough clinical examination of the patient because of the potential presence of visceral manifestations. When splenomegaly is present, even though being often benign, splenectomy is usually performed to alleviate accompanying symptoms which occur as a result of organ enlargement and compression, to prevent rupture and consequential bleeding when the vascular spleen tumor is large, and finally to avoid a possibility of malignant transformation

Capsular Tension Ring in Damaged Zonules

Capsular tension ring (CTR) is endocapsular support device important during cataract surgery in eyes with weak zonular apparatus. It was presented our experience, advantages and limitations of CTR in phacoemulsifi cation cataract surgery with damaged zonules. Phacoemulsifi cation surgery was performed by clear corneal technique using topical anesthesia. Capsular ring was implanted to stabilize the capsular bag before implantation of intraocular lens. CTR has become increasingly important in the management of zonular weakness during cataract extraction. It lowers the incidence of capsule contraction, stabilizes the capsular bag and enhances IOL centration

Surgical approach to perforated eye injuries with traumatic cataract in children-a case report

Cilj rada bio je pokazati naša iskustva u zbrinjavanju perforativnih povrjeda oka kod djece. Radilo se o povrjedi oka staroj 24 sata, s traumatskom kataraktom. Neposredno poslije prijma pristupa se operativnom zahvatu u opcoj anesteziji metodom fakoemulzifikacije s ugradnjom intraokularne lece (IOL) u stražnju sobicu. Postoperativni tijek protjece uredno. Vidna oštrina prvi postoperativni dan bila je 0,4 uz normalan intraokularni tlak i bez patoloških promjena na stražnjem segmentu oka. Nakon 2 mjeseca oštrina vida je 0,8, ali uz prisutnost iridolentalnih sinehija (iris-IOL) i nepravilnost zjenice. Ponovno se odlucimo na operativni zahvat u smislu korekcije pupile i prevencije razvoja sekundarnoga glaukoma. Operativno nakon kornealne paracenteze uradi se sinehioliza zjenice iris manipulatorom i zjenica formira u centralnoj projekciji. Postoperativni tijek protjece uredno, s vidnom oštrinom od 0,8 u prvom postoperativnom tjednu i 0,9-1,0 tri mjeseca poslije operacije. Prognoza za vidnu oštrinu kod pacijenta je dobra, uz redovite kontrole zbog mogucnosti opacifikacije stražnje kapsule lece i eventualnoga sekundarnog glaukoma. Ozljede oka spadaju u teške povrjede zbog nepredvidivosti posljedica traume. Osobit problem cine djecje ozljede oka, kod kojih je bitan i socioekonomski aspekt koji determinira i njihovu buducnost. Kirurški pristup u zbrinjavanju povrjeda kod djece cesto je individualan i ovisan o iskustvu i kirurškoj vještini samog operatora.The aim of this work is to show our experiences in eye injury care in children. The case involved a 24- hour-old eye injury with traumatic cataract. Immediately after having been admitted in hospital, surgery was performed, under complete anaesthesia, using the phacoemulsification method by implanting an IOL in the posterior chamber. The postoperative development was regular. The sight definition, after the first day of surgery, was 0.4 accompanied by normal intraocular pressure without pathological changes in the posterior eye segment. Two months later, the sight definition was 0.8, with the presence of iridolental synechia (iris-IOL) and pupil irregularity. We decided to perform surgery once more to correct the pupil and prevent secondary glaucoma development. After corneal paracentesis, pupil synechiosis was performed with an iris manipulator and the pupil in central projection. The postoperative period was regular with 0.8 sight definition in the first post-operative week, and 0.9 and 1.0 three months following surgery. The patient\u27s sight definition prognosis was good and control tests were regular, due to the possibility of posterior lens capsule opacification and eventual secondary glaucoma. Eye injuries relate to serious injuries, due to the unpredictability of trauma consequences. Child eye injuries are a particular problem, considering the socioeconomic aspect that determines their future importance. The surgical approach in child injury care is frequently individual, and it depends on the experience and skill of the surgeon himself

Antimicrobial, antioxidant and DNA-binding studies of palladium(II) complexes with different chelate ligands containing nitrogen donor atoms

The antimicrobial and antioxidant activities, as well as the DNA-binding of four square-planar Pd(II) complexes, [Pd(terpy)Cl]+ (C1), [Pd(en)Cl2] (C2), [Pd(DMEAImiPr)Cl2] (C3) and [Pd(dach)Cl2] (C4) (terpy = 2,2′:6′,2′′- -terpyridine, en = ethylenediamine, dach = trans-1,2-diaminocyclohexane and DMEAImiPr = N2-((1,3-dihydro-1,3-diisopropyl-4,5-dimethyl)-2H-imidazol-2- ylidene)-N1,N1-dimethyl-1,2-ethanediamine are reported. The antimicrobial activities of the Pd(II) complexes with the appropriate ligands were tested using the microdilution method against 18 strains of microorganisms, whereby the minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) and the minimal microbicidal concentration (MMC) were determined. The antibiofilm activity of [Pd(terpy)Cl]+ and the corresponding ligand were determined on a formed biofilm. The intensity of antimicrobial activity varied depending on the type of microorganism and the tested compound. The C1 complex with the corresponding ligand demonstrated significantly greater overall antimicrobial activity than C2, C3 and C4. The antibacterial activity of the C1 complex was better than its antifungal activity that was overall greater than that of the positive control, fluconazole. The greatest sensitivity for C1 and L1 was with Penicillium italicum (MIC < 0.49 μg mL-1) among the fungi, and with Proteus mirabilis ATCC 12453 (MIC = 0.98 μg mL-1) among the tested bacteria. The tested compounds show low and moderate antibiofilm activity. The complexes showed weak antioxidant properties when tested using the DPPH (1,1-diphenyl-2- -picrylhydrazyl) method. The interaction of the metal complexes C1–C4 with calf thymus DNA (CT-DNA) was further examined by absorption (UV–Vis) and emission spectral studies (EthBr displacement studies). Overall, the investigated complexes exhibited good DNA interaction ability.Publishe

Combined Procedure of Phacoemulsififi cation and Implantation of Ex-PRESS Miniature Glaucoma Shunt

Glaucoma patients not responding to maximum medical therapy with coexistent cataract are candidates for combined cataract and glaucoma therapy. There are different therapy models. The choice of therapy depends on numerous patient and surgeon related factors. Ex-PRESS mini glaucoma shunt is a modifi ed trabeculectomy and can be combined with cataract surgery when indicated. In this paper we presented our experience with this combined procedure. Our results showed good intraocular pressure control and visual acuity improvement, comparable to other therapy choices

Ex-PRESS Miniature Glaucoma Shunt in Treatment of Refractory Glaucoma

Refractory glaucoma in a complicated type of glaucoma of different ethyologies with one same characteristic – intraocular pressure of great resistance to therapy. There are different methods of treatment in such glaucomas, primary surgical options. Ex-PRESS miniature glaucoma shunt implantation was our treatment of choice. In our group of patients we achieved stabile intraocular pressure values in 4 month period of time with no serious or unexpected complications

Influence of dialysis modality on the treatment of anemia in patients with end-stage kidney disease

© 2020, University of Kragujevac, Faculty of Science. All rights reserved. Anemia is a common complication among the patients with end-stage kidney disease. Management of anemia is influenced by several factors: iron deficiency, subtherapeutic dosage of erythropoietin, microinflammation, vitamin D de-ficiency, increased iPTH levels and inadequate hemodialysis. The aim of the study was to examine impact of dialysis mo-dality on blood hemoglobin level as well as status of iron, status of vitamin D, hemodialysis adequacy and erythropoietin dose. The study included 120 patients which were divided into two groups: the group of patients treated with hemodiafiltra-tion and the group of patients treated with standard hemo-dialysis. For statistical analysis Kolmogorov-Smirnov test, Student’s t-test and Mann-Whitney U-test were used. Blood hemoglobin level and parameters of hemodialysis adequacy (Kt/V index, spKt/V index, URR index), hemato-crit ad protein catabolic rate (nPCR) were statisticaly significant lower in patients treated with regular hemodialysis compared to patients treated with regular hemodiafiltra-tion. Serum ferritin level, C-reactive protein level and av-erage monthly dose of intravenous iron were higher in the patients treated with regular hemodialysis compared to patients treated with hemodiafiltration. Patients treated with hemodiafiltration have lower grade of microinflammation, better iron status and better control of anemia compared to the patients treated with regular hemodialysis. Dialysis modality is an important factor that influences management of anemia in the patients with end-stage kidney disease