Masticatory Muscle Activity in Subjects Having Different Vertical Facial Patterns: An Electromyographic Study

Aim:To investigate bilateral masseter and anterior temporalis muscle activities during swallowing, chewing and maximum intercuspitation (MI) in skeletal open and deep-bite groups using electromyography (EMG) method.Subjects and Methods:Surface EMG recordings of the masseter and anterior temporalis muscles were obtained from subjects having skeletal open-bites (8 male, 8 female, mean age 12.6±2.5 years) and skeletal deep-bites (10 male, 5 female, mean age 11.6±2.1 years) during swallowing, chewing and maximum intercuspitation by using surface disc electrodes. Peak-to-peak amplitude values were measured in microvolts (uV). The mean value of the three recordings was calculated for each function. Statistical analysis of the data obtained was conducted using repeated measurement analysis of variance and Duncan's tests.Result:The masseter and anterior temporalis muscle activities were found distinct in all functions (P<0.01). This difference can be generalized as masseter muscle activity was higher than the anterior temporalis muscle. During swallowing, masticatory muscle activities were found similar in open/deep-bite groups. During chewing, masseter and anterior temporalis muscle activities were found statistically different in open/deep-bite groups (P<0.05). In MI, the interaction between muscle type (masseter and anterior temporalis) and groups (open and deep-bite) were distinct (P<0.01).Conclusion:EMG activities of the masseter and anterior temporalis muscles are distinct during different functions and in subjects with different vertical facial patterns

Pulmonary rehabilitation principles in SARS-COV-2 infection (COVID-19): A guideline for the acute and subacute rehabilitation

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a contagious infection disease, which may cause respiratory, physical, psychological, and generalized systemic dysfunction. The severity of disease ranges from an asymptomatic infection or mild illness to mild or severe pneumonia with respiratory failure and/or death. COVID-19 dramatically affects the pulmonary system. There is a lack of knowledge about the long-term outcomes of the disease and the possible sequelae and rehabilitation. This clinical practice guideline includes pulmonary rehabilitation (PR) recommendations for adult COVID-19 patients and has been developed in the light of the guidelines on the diagnosis and treatment of COVID-19 provided by the World Health Organization and Republic of Turkey, Ministry of Health, recently published scientific literature, and PR recommendations for COVID-19 regarding basic principles of PR. In this guideline, the contagiousness of COVID-19, recommendations on limited contact of patient with healthcare providers, and the evidence about possible benefits of PR were taken into consideration

Assessment of the Relationship Between Vitamin D Level and Non-specific Musculoskeletal System Pain: A Multicenter Retrospective Study (Stroke Study Group)

Objective: In this study, it was aimed to evaluate the relationship between vitamin D level and pain severity, localization and duration in patients with non-specific musculoskeletal pain. Materials and Methods: Patients who applied to physical medicine and rehabilitation outpatient clinics due to non-specific muscle pain in 19 centers in Turkey were retrospectively screened. Three thousand four hundred fourpatients were included in the study, whose pain level was determined by visual analog scale (VAS) and the painful region, duration of pain and vitamin D level were reached. D group was found to be D deficient (group 1) when 25 (OH)D level was 20 ng/mL or less and group D 2 (vitamin D deficiency) was higher than 30 ng/mL (group 3). The groups were compared in terms of pain duration, localization and severity. In addition, the correlations of pain localization, severity and duration with vitamin D levels were examined. Results: D vitamin deficiency was detected in 2202 (70.9%) of 3 thousand four hundred and four registered patients, and it was found that vitamin D deficiency in 516 (16.6%) and normal vitamin D in 386 (12.4%). The groups were similar in terms of age, body mass index, income level, duration of complaint, education level, family type and working status (p>0.05). There was no statistically significant difference between groups in terms of VAS, pain localization and duration scores (p>0.05). Conclusion: Our study shows that vitamin D deficiency in patients with nonspecific musculoskeletal pain is not associated with the severity and duration of pain