PERCEPTION OF THE BEHAVIORS OF THE COACHES OF FOOTBALL, VOLLEYBALL AND BASKETBALL PLAYERS

The aim of this study is to investigate the perception of the amateur football, volleyball, and basketball players and their coaches’ behaviour towards them. 100 amateur football, 60 volleyball and 62 basketball players that filled recognition survey fully are included to the study. Turkish version of Coach Behavior Rating Scale was used. One Way ANOVA (Analysis of Variance) and LSD (Least Significant Difference) tests were used for statically processing. There is no significant difference found in evaluation of coach behavior of football, volleyball, and basketball players in terms of personal rapport from subscales (p>0.05). A significant difference has been revealed in the sum of scale in physical training and goal setting at p<0.05 level and technical skills, mental preparation, competition strategies, negative personal rapport, and scale total score behavior of coach at p<0.001 level. There were differences according to branches. Technical skills and competition strategies have been found in volleyball more high from amateur football and basketball players. Negative personal rapport has been found in amateur footballers lower from volleyball and basketball players. Differences have been found in detection levels of amateur footballers, volleyball, and basketball players for coaches’ behaviour against them. A very useful outcome would be for a coach to produce a “Personal Improvement Behaviors” and set goals for the next of behaviours. According to branches, the reasons of differences in detection levels of coaches’ behaviors should be determined and eliminated.  Article visualizations

INVESTIGATION ON THE EFFECT OF SPORT AND ART EDUCATION ON BODY IMAGE

The purpose of this study is determining body image in individuals with sports and fine arts education. 137 male and 120 female, total of 257, sports and fine arts students were participated in the study. Body-Cathexis Scale (BCS) were used. Independent Samples t- test was used for statically processing. Body Image score according to gender found at male 77.96 and female 80.12. Body Image score found at sports students 74.05 and fine arts students 84.03. There was a significant no difference in between sports students and fine arts students in Body Image Score (p>0.05) in gender. There was a significant difference in between sports faculty and fine arts faculty according male and female students in Body Image Score at p<0.001 level. Female students are according male students under greater risk regarding the body image. Body image points were more positively at student of sports than student of fine art. It is thought that sport education affects body image more positively than fine arts education. Getting with sports education could contribute to a positive body image levels

Effects of Multiple Sprint Test on Average Speed and Exercise Heart Rate in Amateur Soccer Players

The purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of multiple sprints on average speed and exercise heart rate of U18 female and U18 male amateur soccer players. In this study, totally 42 amateur soccer players including U18 (n= 21) and U18 (n=21) players performed 7 repetitive sprints of 34.2 meters with a 25 seconds jog of 50 meters distance. During exercise and recovery period, heart rate per minute was recorded by Polar Heart Rate Telemetry. In statistical analyzes, t-tests were used in two groups comparisons, while the effects of other variables on average speed and cardiovascular parameters were determined by two way analyzes of variance.Results of this study, U18 male players’ average speed of 5.14 m/ sec is higher than the U18 female players’ average speed of 4.62 m/sec. The physical characteristics of U18 male and U18 female amateur soccer players were different in favors of the U18 male players, and that gender was significantly effective on the average speed rather than the number of sprints.  Heart rate per minute has continually increased in different characteristics at the start, finish and recovery periods of the sprints until the finish of the seventh sprint in both amateur U18 male and U18 female. It found increase in the Sprint time were as follows; U18 female 0.40 sec and U18 male 0.20 second. Decrease in the average speed was U18 female 0.28 sec., and U18 male 0.15 second.Conclusion, in multiple speed tests, maximum and average speed of the U18 amateur female and male soccer players, the decrease rate in their speed and their cardiovascular responses show differences. In U18 Amateur, males seem to be faster and have the ability of keeping speed at a high level, and the ability of intensity and recovery in maximal level in a short time than the females.  In the Bangsbo test, the recovery time in men should be less than 25 seconds

THE EFFECT OF SPORTS EDUCATION ON BODY IMAGE OF UNIVERSITY STUDENT ATHLETES

In this study, it was aimed to determine whether the body image of the university student athletes changes according to gender, sports branch and sports education status. Body Perception Scale filled by a total of 540 people, 227 males and 313 females. T-test, one-way analysis of variance and LSD tests were used in statistical processes. A statistically significant difference was found between body Image scores of men and women according to gender (p < 0.05). A statistically significant difference was found between total body image scores according to Body Mass Index (p < 0.05). The scores of the groups with low and high body mass index were found to be higher than the groups with Body Mass Index between 20-25 kg/m2. Body image scores of university student athletes who did not receive sports training were found to be statistically higher than individual athletes and team athletes who received sports education (p < 0.001). In conclusion, in university student athletes, women are worse than men, and those whose body mass index is below normal and higher than normal are less satisfied with their bodies than normal ones. In addition, university students who take sports education have better body image scores. It can be said that sports education has a positive effect on body image score. It is recommended that university student athletes who do not have sports education should be given courses and seminars for sports education. Article visualizations

The Effects of Pilates and Aerobic Exercise on Blood Pressure, Heart Rates, and Blood Serum Lipids in Sedentary Females

The aim of this study was to determinate the effects of 12 weeks pilates and aerobic exercise on blood pressure, heart rates, and blood serum lipids in sedentary females. 18 sedentary women with an average age of 45.52 years, height of 161.14 cm and weight of 72.5 kg have been selected and put through a plates and aerobic exercise programmer one hour a day for three days a week. Exercises in each training session were arranged in such a way as to make each woman’s heart rate to reach a level of 130-140 a minute. The waist and hip circumferences were measured using a measuring tape. BMI and waist hip ratio were calculated by standard formulas. Triglyceride (TG), Total Cholesterol (TC), High density lipoprotein (HDL-C) and Low density lipoprotein (LDL-C) levels were determined by Hitachi 717 auto analyzer. Analysis was performed on SPSS 21 version. Paired-t tests were done statistical analysis. Body Weight found before 12 weeks plates and aerobic exercise 72.5 kg and after 63.8 kg. At the end of the 12 weeks exercise program, a decrease of %12.00 in body weight, %14.03 in systolic, %3.96 in diastolic, %13.85 in cholesterol, %25.30 in Triglyceride, and %22.33 in LDL-C have been registered. However, there were increases of %16.34 in HDL-C. The effects of aerobic exercise is on Triglyceride, HDL-C, LDL-C and total cholesterol since (p<0.01). At the end of the 12 weeks exercise program, a decrease %13.34 hip circumference and %4.19 waist circumference. Waist to hip ratio found before 12 weeks plates and aerobic exercise 0.87 cm and after 0.78 cm. The effects of aerobic exercise is on Body weight, Systolic blood pressure, Heart rate, hip and waist circumference since (p<0.05; p<0.01). In this study, together Pilates and aerobic exercise was effective in sedentary women with initially high total cholesterol, triglyceride, and Low density lipoprotein levels. At end of the cycles of 12 weeks Pilates and aerobic exercises, has a positive effect of waist to hip ratio, blood pressure, and heart beats in sedentary females. Risk of heart and vascular disease is reduced. Pilates and aerobic exercises are recommended for decrease risk

Can risk groups accurately predict non-sentinel lymph node metastasis in sentinel lymph node-positive endometrial cancer patients? A Turkish Gynecologic Oncology Group Study (TRSGO-SLN-004)

Background and Objectives The purpose of this study was to find out the risk factors associated with non-sentinel lymph node metastasis and determine the incidence of non-sentinel lymph node metastasis according to risk groups in sentinel lymph node (SLN)-positive endometrial cancer patients