42 research outputs found

    Improved survival of autologous stem cell transplantation in primary refractory and relapsed Hodgkin lymphoma in the brentuximab vedotin era - real-world data from Hungary

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    Autologous stem cell transplantation (ASCT) is the standard treatment of primary refractory or relapsed Hodgkin-lymphoma, which can provide a cure rate of about 50%. The aim of our study was to analyze the data of 126 HL patients undergoing AHSCT in Hungary between 01/01/2016 and 31/12/2020. We assessed the progression-free and overall survival, the prognostic role of PET/CT performed before transplantation and effect of brentuximab vedotin (BV) treatment on survival outcomes. The median follow-up time from AHSCT was 39 (1-76) months. The 5-year OS comparing PET- and PET + patients was 90% v. 74% (p = 0.039), and 5-year PFS was 74% v. 40% (p = 0.001). There was no difference in either OS or PFS compared to those who did not receive BV before AHSCT. We compared BV treatments based on their indication (BV only after AHSCT as maintenance therapy, BV before and after AHSCT as maintenance treatment, BV only before AHSCT, no BV treatment). There was statistically significant difference in the 5-year PFS based on the inication of BV therapy. Recovery rates of our R/R HL patient population, who underwent AHSCT, improved significantly. Our positive results can be attributed to the PET/CT directed, response-adapted treatment approach, and the widespread use of BV

    Relabáló/refrakter Hodgkin-lymphoma brentuximab vedotin kezelése. Hazai tapasztalatok

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    Introduction: The treatment of relapsed or refractory Hodgkin lymphoma is still a major therapeutic challenge. The use of brentuximab vedotin, an anti-CD30 antibody-drug conjugate, represents a promising approach for these patients, however clinical outcomes have not yet been evaluated in Hungary. Aim: Our aim was to assess the efficacy, safety and outcome of brentuximab vedotin treatment in Hungarian Hodgkin lymphoma patients. Method: In this retrospective case note review we enrolled patients at 6 clinical sites countrywide who were diagnosed with Hodgkin lymphoma and received brentuximab vedotin between 1 January 2013 and 31 December 2016. Results: A total of 86 patients were treated with brentuximab vedotin during the examined period. Before therapy initiation 66% of our patients had advanced-stage disease. Overall response rate to brentuximab vedotin, administered before autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (n = 54) was 66.6%, complete remission rate was 42.6%. Thirty patients received brentuximab vedotin after AHSCT, 46.67% responded to treatment, 30% achieved complete remission. Thirty-six patients received the drug as a single-agent therapy, 50 patients were given brentuximab vedotin in combination, 39 of them with bendamustin. Toxicity was observed only in 13.95% of our patients, most common symptom was skin rash. Based on our analysis the estimated 5-year overall survival rate was 78.7%, the estimated progression free survival rate was 23.59 months (95% CI: 19.50-27.68). Conclusion: Brentuximab vedotin carries a substantial improvement in the treatment of relapsed or refractory Hodgkin lymphoma. Our results underline prior observations published in the literature. The use of brentuximab vedotin in combination can be beneficial, however further investigation is needed on the subject

    Relabáló/refrakter Hodgkin-lymphoma brentuximab vedotin kezelése. Hazai tapasztalatok | Brentuximab vedotin treatment in patients with relapsed or refractory Hodgkin lymphoma. A Hungarian retrospective study

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    Absztrakt: Bevezetés: A relabáló és refrakter Hodgkin-lymphoma kezelése továbbra is nagy kihívást jelent. Hatalmas előrelépést jelentett a brentuximab vedotin alkalmazása, amellyel jelenleg már jelentős hazai tapasztalatok is vannak. Célkitűzés: A brentuximab vedotinnal kezelt magyar Hodgkin-lymphomás betegek adatainak, a kezelés hatékonyságának elemzése. Módszer: Hat hazai hematológiai osztályon 2013. január 1. és 2016. december 31. között brentuximab vedotinnal kezelt Hodgkin-lymphomás betegek adatainak retrospektív elemzése. Eredmények: Összesen 86 beteg részesült brentuximab vedotin kezelésben. A kezelés előtt a betegek egyharmada korai, kétharmada előrehaladott stádiumban volt. Autológ őssejt-transzplantáció előtt alkalmazva 54 betegnél a teljes válaszarány 66,6%, ebből komplett remissziót a betegek 42,6%-a ért el. Autológ őssejt-transzplantációt követően 30 beteg kapta, a teljes válaszarány 46,67%, a komplett remisszió 30% volt. Harminchat beteg csak monoterápiában kapta a készítményt, míg 50 beteg kombinációban, ebből 39 esetben bendamustinnal kombináltan. A betegek mindössze 13,95%-ánál észleltünk mellékhatást, leggyakrabban bőrkiütést. A betegek várható ötéves teljes túlélése 78,7%, az átlagos progressziómentes túlélési idő 23,59 hónap (95% CI: 19,50–27,68). Következtetés: A relabáló vagy refrakter Hodgkin-lymphomás betegek kezelésében jelentős előrelépést jelent a brentuximab vedotin kezelés alkalmazása, eredményeink a nemzetközi adatokhoz hasonlóak. A kombinációban történő korai alkalmazása előrelépést jelenthet, ennek további vizsgálata szükséges. Orv Hetil. 2017; 158(41): 1630–1634. | Abstract: Introduction: The treatment of relapsed or refractory Hodgkin lymphoma is still a major therapeutic challenge. The use of brentuximab vedotin, an anti-CD30 antibody-drug conjugate, represents a promising approach for these patients, however clinical outcomes have not yet been evaluated in Hungary. Aim: Our aim was to assess the efficacy, safety and outcome of brentuximab vedotin treatment in Hungarian Hodgkin lymphoma patients. Method: In this retrospective case note review we enrolled patients at 6 clinical sites countrywide who were diagnosed with Hodgkin lymphoma and received brentuximab vedotin between 1 January 2013 and 31 December 2016. Results: A total of 86 patients were treated with brentuximab vedotin during the examined period. Before therapy initiation 66% of our patients had advanced-stage disease. Overall response rate to brentuximab vedotin, administered before autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (n = 54) was 66.6%, complete remission rate was 42.6%. Thirty patients received brentuximab vedotin after AHSCT, 46.67% responded to treatment, 30% achieved complete remission. Thirty-six patients received the drug as a single-agent therapy, 50 patients were given brentuximab vedotin in combination, 39 of them with bendamustin. Toxicity was observed only in 13.95% of our patients, most common symptom was skin rash. Based on our analysis the estimated 5-year overall survival rate was 78.7%, the estimated progression free survival rate was 23.59 months (95% CI: 19.50–27.68). Conclusion: Brentuximab vedotin carries a substantial improvement in the treatment of relapsed or refractory Hodgkin lymphoma. Our results underline prior observations published in the literature. The use of brentuximab vedotin in combination can be beneficial, however further investigation is needed on the subject. Orv Hetil. 2017; 158(41): 1630–1634

    A másodlagos hypogammaglobulinaemia, a fertőzések és a halálozás összefüggései és a preventív immunglobulin-pótlás szükségessége krónikus lymphoid leukaemiás betegekben = Correlations between secondary hypogammaglobulinaemia, infections and mortality and the need for preventive immunoglobulin replacement in patients with chronic lymphoid leukaemia

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    Absztrakt: Krónikus lymphoid leukaemiában szenvedő 186 betegnél vizsgáltuk az immunstatust 2012. január és 2015. március között. Elemeztük az infekciók előfordulását, a mortalitást azoknál, akik nem részesültek profilaktikus immunglobulin-kezelésben. Az immunglobulin-G (IgG)-szint a betegek 62,37%-ában normális (7–17,8 g/l), 35,48%-ában csökkent volt, néhány esetben mértünk magas immunglobulinszintet (2,15%). Az előrehaladottabb betegségstádiumokban (Rai-stádium) egyre alacsonyabbak az immunglobulinszintek. Ezzel fordított arányban növekedtek a fertőzések. A hypogammaglobulinaemia jelenléte fontosabb volt a fertőzés kialakulásának szempontjából, mint a betegség progressziója. A leggyakoribb infekció a felső légúti fertőzés (33,07%) és a szepszis (18,90%) volt. A kemoterápia után két hónappal a kezdetben normális immunglobulinszint átlagosan 21%-kal csökkent, ugyanakkor emelkedett az infekciók kialakulása. A leggyakoribb halálok a szepszis volt: 30% alacsony immunglobulinszint mellett, illetve 20% normális immunglobulinszintnél. A krónikus lymphoid leukaemiás és immunhiányos betegeknél mind a morbiditás, mind a mortalitás csökkentésére az irodalom szerint indokolt a profilaktikus immunglobulin-kezelés. Az irodalmi ajánlások szerint a súlyos vagy közepesen súlyos, visszatérő bakteriális infekció esetén a hypogammaglobulinaemiát korrigálni kell. Az immunglobulin-profilaxis lehet kis dózisú (10 g), fix adagú (18 g) vagy betegre szabottan nagyobb dózisú (300–400 mg/ttkg). Az intravénás kezelés 3 hetente minimum 6 hónapig ajánlott, az immunglobulinszint folyamatos ellenőrzése mellett. Az ajánlás szerint a nagyobb dózisú, 6 alkalommal 3 hetente adott profilaktikus, személyre szabott immunglobulin-infúzió effektívebb és költséghatékony. Ezzel a dózissal az ismétlődő infekcióban szenvedő betegek 50%-át fertőzésmentesen lehet tartani. Orv Hetil. 2019; 160(38): 1487–1494. | Abstract: Immune status was investigated in 186 patients with chronic lymphoid leukaemia between January 2012 and March 2015. Incidences of infections and mortality were analysed in patients who did not receive prophylactic immunoglobulin therapy. Immunoglobulin G (IgG) levels were normal (7–17.8 g/L) or decreased in 62.37% and 35.48% of patients, respectively. We measured high immunoglobulin levels only in a few cases (2.15%). Immunoglobulin levels became increasingly lower in more advanced disease stages (Rai stages). The number of infections was inversely proportional to that. Hypogammaglobulinaemia proved to be more important than disease progression in terms of the development of infections. The most common infections were upper respiratory tract (33.07%) and sepsis (18.90%). Two months after chemotherapy, initially normal immunoglobulin levels decreased by an average of 21%, and at the same time the incidence of infections increased. The most common cause of death was sepsis: 30% occurred at low immunoglobulin levels, while 20% at normal immunoglobulin levels. According to literature, prophylactic immunoglobulin treatment is indicated in patients with chronic lymphoid leukaemia and immunodeficiency for decreasing both morbidity and mortality. According to recommendations in literature, replacement treatment must be administered in severe or moderately severe recurrent bacterial infections. Immunoglobulin prophylaxis may be provided as low dose (10 g), fix dose (18 g) or individually customized higher dose (300–400 mg/kg body weight) treatment. According to recommendations, higher dose immunoglobulin prophylaxis, administered every three weeks on six occasions, is more efficient when customized. With this dose, infection-free condition may be achieved in 50% of patients. Orv Hetil. 2019; 160(38): 1487–1494

    Carfilzomib and dexamethasone versus bortezomib and dexamethasone for patients with relapsed or refractory multiple myeloma (ENDEAVOR): a randomised, phase 3, open-label, multicentre study

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    Background Bortezomib with dexamethasone is a standard treatment option for relapsed or refractory multiple myeloma. Carfilzomib with dexamethasone has shown promising activity in patients in this disease setting. The aim of this study was to compare the combination of carfilzomib and dexamethasone with bortezomib and dexamethasone in patients with relapsed or refractory multiple myeloma. Methods In this randomised, phase 3, open-label, multicentre study, patients with relapsed or refractory multiple myeloma who had one to three previous treatments were randomly assigned (1: 1) using a blocked randomisation scheme (block size of four) to receive carfilzomib with dexamethasone (carfilzomib group) or bortezomib with dexamethasone (bortezomib group). Randomisation was stratified by previous proteasome inhibitor therapy, previous lines of treatment, International Staging System stage, and planned route of bortezomib administration if randomly assigned to bortezomib with dexamethasone. Patients received treatment until progression with carfilzomib (20 mg/m(2) on days 1 and 2 of cycle 1; 56 mg/m(2) thereafter; 30 min intravenous infusion) and dexamethasone (20 mg oral or intravenous infusion) or bortezomib (1.3 mg/m(2); intravenous bolus or subcutaneous injection) and dexamethasone (20 mg oral or intravenous infusion). The primary endpoint was progression-free survival in the intention-to-treat population. All participants who received at least one dose of study drug were included in the safety analyses. The study is ongoing but not enrolling participants; results for the interim analysis of the primary endpoint are presented. Findings Between June 20, 2012, and June 30, 2014, 929 patients were randomly assigned (464 to the carfilzomib group; 465 to the bortezomib group). Median follow-up was 11.9 months (IQR 9.3-16.1) in the carfilzomib group and 11.1 months (8.2-14.3) in the bortezomib group. Median progression-free survival was 18.7 months (95% CI 15.6-not estimable) in the carfilzomib group versus 9.4 months (8.4-10.4) in the bortezomib group at a preplanned interim analysis (hazard ratio [HR] 0.53 [95% CI 0.44-0.65]; p<0.0001). On-study death due to adverse events occurred in 18 (4%) of 464 patients in the carfilzomib group and in 16 (3%) of 465 patients in the bortezomib group. Serious adverse events were reported in 224 (48%) of 463 patients in the carfilzomib group and in 162 (36%) of 456 patients in the bortezomib group. The most frequent grade 3 or higher adverse events were anaemia (67 [14%] of 463 patients in the carfilzomib group vs 45 [10%] of 456 patients in the bortezomib group), hypertension (41 [9%] vs 12 [3%]), thrombocytopenia (39 [8%] vs 43 [9%]), and pneumonia (32 [7%] vs 36 [8%]). Interpretation For patients with relapsed or refractory multiple myeloma, carfilzomib with dexamethasone could be considered in cases in which bortezomib with dexamethasone is a potential treatment option

    Nasalis típusú extranodalis natural killer T-sejtes lymphoma hazai előfordulása és kezelésével szerzett tapasztalatok | Incidence and treatment of extranodal natural killer/T-cell lymphoma, nasal type. Hungarian experiences

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    Absztrakt: Bevezetés: Az extranodalis nasalis típusú natural killer/T (NK/T) sejtes lymphoma (ENKTL) a T-sejtes lymphomák egyik ritka agresszív megjelenésű formája, amely elsősorban sinonasalis és nasopharynx kiindulású. Bár előfordulása ritka a fejlett nyugati országokban, kezelése a hagyományos, agresszív lymphomákban alkalmazott antraciklintartalmú kemoterápiával csekély hatékonyságú. Célkitűzés: ENKTL-esetek előfordulása hazai hematológiai centrumok által gondozott non-Hodgkin-lymphomás betegek között. Módszer: A szerzők négy magyarországi hematológiai centrumban 2003–2015 között kezelt 20 ENKTL-beteg klinikai adatait elemezték. A betegek között 12 férfi és 8 nő volt, medián életkor 49,5 év (22–84 év). Eredmények: Tíz esetben a betegség lokalizált (I–II. stádiumban) volt a diagnózis idején. Kemoterápiás kezelésben részesült 17 beteg (11 CHOP, CHOP-szerű, kettő hyper-CVAD, egy ProMACECytaBom, egy SMILE, kettő egyéb), amelyet hat esetben érintett mezős besugárzással (IFRT) egészítettek ki (40–46 Gy). Az első vonalbeli kezelésre kilenc beteg komplett (CR), három parciális remisszióba (PR) került, három progrediált, két esetben stabil volt a betegség. A medián követési idő 32 (3–113) hónap volt. Öt beteg progresszió, recidíva miatt második vonalban újabb kezelésben részesült (kettő DHAP, egy VIM, egy hyper-CVAD, egy ProMACECytaBom). Második vonalbeli kezelésre CR nem jött létre egy betegben sem. Két esetben első CR-ben autológ őssejt-transzplantáció történt. Következtetés: Az ENKTL kezelésében hatékonyabbak a nem antraciklintartalmú kemoterápiás kezelések. Elsősorban L-aszparagináz-alapú kombinált kemoterápia és egyidejű vagy szekvenciális kemo-radioterápia alkalmazásával a túlélés és CR aránya javítható. Orv Hetil. 2017; 158(41): 1635–1641. | Abstract: Introduction: Extranodal natural killer/T (NK/T) cell lymphoma, nasal type (ENKTL) represents a rare subtype of T-cell lymphomas with aggressive clinical behavior according to WHO 2016 classification. Aim: ENKTL has distinctive geographic distribution with higher incidence in Asia and Latin America (10% of all non-Hodgkin lymphoma cases), than in Europe and North America (<1%). ENKTL tipically origins from nasopharynx and upper aerodigestive tract. Anthracycline-based chemotherapy regimens are largely ineffective in the treatment of ENKTL. Method: Our aims were to evaluate the incidence and treatment strategies of ENKTL patients in Hungarian Haematological Centres between 2003 and 2015. Altogether 20 patients with ENKTL were treated in the 4 haematological hospitals (male:female ratio 12:8, with median 49.5 years of age). Results: Ten patients had localized (stage I–II) disease at the time of the diagnosis. Seventeen patients were treated with chemotherapy (11/CHOP, CHOP-like, 2/HyperCVAD, 1/ProMACECytaBom, 1/SMILE, 2/others), which was completed with involved-field radiation therapy (IFRT) (40–46 Gy) in 6 cases were used. After first-line therapy 9 patients achieved complete remission (CR), 3 patients had partial remission (PR), 3 patients had progressive disease (PD), and 2 patients had stable disease (SD). Median follow-up was 32 (3–113) months. Five patients received second-line therapy for progressive or recurrent disease [2/DHAP, 1/VIM, 1/HyperCVAD, 1/ProMACECytaBom]. None of the patients achieved CR after second-line therapy. Two patients have undergone autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) after the first CR. Conclusion: ENKTL treatment is more effective with nonanthracycline-containing regimens. L-asparaginase containing chemotherapy and concurrent or sequential chemo-radiotherapy improves survival and CR rates. Orv Hetil. 2017; 158(41): 1635–1641

    Autológ haemopoeticus őssejt-transzplantáció szerepe T-sejtes lymphomában Magyar adatok

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    T-cell lymphoma is a poor prognostic hematological malignancy. The generally used - not sufficiently effective - induction chemotherapy should be improved with consolidative autologous hemopoetic stem cell transplantation. The authors describe the role, place and effectiveness of transplantation in this disorder. One hundred thirty three autologous stem cell transplantations were performed in the last 22 years in Hungary. Detailed results are available from the last 6 years. In this period 43 transplantations were carried out in 4 Hungarian centers. Carmustine-etoposide-cytosine arabinoside-melphalan (BEAM) conditioning regimen was used in 95%. The transplantation was done mainly in complete remission (84%), 1 year after transplantation 65% of patients were still in complete remission. Eleven patients died, 82% of them have progressive disease. Brentuximab vedotin has already proved the effectiveness, several other chemoterapeutics, monoclonal antibodies, kinase inhibitors are under investigation. In certain cases allogeneic stem cell transplantation has real indication among therapeutic options. Orv Hetil. 2017; 158(41): 1615-1619

    Autológ haemopoeticus őssejt-transzplantáció szerepe T-sejtes lymphomában. Magyar adatok | The role of autologous hemopoietic stem cell transplantation in T-cell lymphoma. Hungarian data

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    Absztrakt: A T-sejtes lymphoma rossz prognózisú hematológiai malignitás. Az általánosságban alkalmazott – nem kellően hatékony – indukciós kemoterápiát javítani lehet konszolidatív autológ haemopoeticus őssejt-transzplantációval. A szerzők ismertetik az autológ átültetés szerepét, helyét, hatásosságát ebben a betegcsoportban. Az elmúlt 22 év alatt Magyarországon 133 autológ átültetést végeztek T-sejtes lymphomában. Részletesebb adatok hat év transzplantációs eredményeiről állnak rendelkezésre. Ebben a periódusban 43 átültetés történt a négy magyar centrumban közel azonos esetszámokkal. Kondicionáló kezelésként 95%-ban carmustin-etoposid-cytosin arabinosid-melphalan (BEAM) sémát használtak. Az esetek döntő többségében komplett remisszióban történt az átültetés (84%), a beavatkozás után egy évvel a betegek 65%-a volt komplett remisszióban. Tizenegy beteg halt meg a vizsgált periódusban, 82%-uk alapbetegség progressziójában. Az új szerek közül a brentuximab vedotin már bizonyította hatásosságát, számos egyéb kemoterapeutikummal, monoklonális antitesttel, kinázgátlóval folynak tanulmányok. Bizonyos esetekben az allogén transzplantációnak is helye van a T-sejtes lymphoma kezelési módozatai között. Orv Hetil. 2017; 158(41): 1615–1619. | Abstract: T-cell lymphoma is a poor prognostic hematological malignancy. The generally used – not sufficiently effective – induction chemotherapy should be improved with consolidative autologous hemopoetic stem cell transplantation. The authors describe the role, place and effectiveness of transplantation in this disorder. One hundred thirty three autologous stem cell transplantations were performed in the last 22 years in Hungary. Detailed results are available from the last 6 years. In this period 43 transplantations were carried out in 4 Hungarian centers. Carmustine-etoposide-cytosine arabinoside-melphalan (BEAM) conditioning regimen was used in 95%. The transplantation was done mainly in complete remission (84%), 1 year after transplantation 65% of patients were still in complete remission. Eleven patients died, 82% of them have progressive disease. Brentuximab vedotin has already proved the effectiveness, several other chemoterapeutics, monoclonal antibodies, kinase inhibitors are under investigation. In certain cases allogeneic stem cell transplantation has real indication among therapeutic options. Orv Hetil. 2017; 158(41): 1615–1619
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