Coronary vasoconstriction to angiotensin II (10⁻¹¹–10⁻⁷ M) in perfused hearts from control (L12) or overfed (L3) rats, with or without 30 min of ischemia and 15 min of reperfusion (I/R).

<p>*P<0.05 **P<0.01 L12 vs.L3 rats. ^#P<0.01 I/R vs. control. Values are represented as mean ±S.E.M., and the data was compared by three-way ANOVA and Bonferroni's test. n number of hearts.</p

Gene expression of angiotensinogen (A), angiotensin receptor type 1a (AgtR1a, (B)), angiotensin receptor type 2 (AgtR2, (C)) and pro-renin receptor (RR, (D)) in the myocardium of control (L12) or overfed (L3) rats subjected or not to 30 min of ischemia and 15 min of reperfusion (IR).

<p>Values are represented as mean ±S.E.M (n = 6/group), and the data was compared by two-way ANOVA.*P<0.05 vs L12; ^#P<0.05 vs L12-IR.</p

Body weight (g) and food intake from control (L12) and overfed (L3) rats.

<p>Data are represented as mean ±S.E.M (n = 18–20), and the data was compared by unpaired Student’s t test. *P<0.05 **P<0.01 **P<0.001 vs L12.</p

Hemodynamic values in perfused hearts from control (L12) or overfed (L3) rats before and after 30 min of ischemia and 15 min of reperfusion (I/R).

<p>Data are represented as means ±SEM. n = number of hearts.</p><p>The data was compared by two-way ANOVA and Bonferroni's test.</p>*<p>(P<0.01) I/R vs. control;</p>#<p>(P<0.05) L12 vs. L3.</p

Epidydimal Fat, subcutaneous fat, gastrocnemius, heart, kidneys and adrenal weights from control (L12) and overfed (L3) rats. Data are represented as mean <b>±</b> SEM.

<p>n = 18–20. Data were compared by unpaired Student’s t test.</p>*<p>P<0.05 vs L12;</p>***<p>P<0.001 vs L12.</p

Levels of B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2, (A)) and heat shock protein 70 (Hsp-70, B)) in the myocardium of control (L12) or overfed (L3) rats subjected or not to 30 min of ischemia and 15 min of reperfusion (IR).

<p>Values are represented as mean ±S.E.M (n = 4–6/group), and the data was compared by two-way ANOVA. ⁺P<0.05 vs L3.</p

Leptin and angiotensin II plasma levels in L12 (Controls) and L3 (Overfed) rats.

<p>Data are represented as mean ±S.E.M (n = 10), and the data was compared by unpaired Student’s t test. *P<0.05 **P<0.01 vs L12.</p

Coronary vasodilatation to bradykinin (10⁻⁹–10⁻⁶ M) after precontraction with U46619 in perfused hearts from control (L12) or overfed (L3) rats, with or without 30 min of ischemia and 15 min of reperfusion (IR).

<p>*P<0.01 I/R vs. control. Values are represented as mean ±S.E.M, and the data was compared by three-way ANOVA and Bonferroni's test. n number of hearts.</p

Hemodynamic values in perfused hearts from the three experimental groups.

<p>dP/dt (mmHg/s), expressing left ventricular contractility, before and after I/R. Before I/R IGF-1 deficient mice showed a reduction of dP/dt but did not reach statistical significance, whereas Hz+IGF-1 mice presented quite similar values to controls (Wt mice). After, I/R, hearts from controls showed a significant reduction in contractility (dP/dt) and similar results were observed in hearts from Hz+IGF-1 group. However, no response after I/R was found in untreated IGF-1 deficient mice (p = ns). ## p<0.01 controls after I/R vs before I/R; # p<0.05 Hz+IGF-1 after I/R vs the same group before I/R (n = 5 each group).</p

qPCR-RT measurement of RNA (cDNA) expression of genes encoding proteins closely related to IGF-1 function.

<p>*p<0.05, ** p 0.01 vs. controls (Wt group). <b>(A)</b> <i>Igf1;</i> <b>(B), (C), (D), (E), (F)</b> <i>Igfbp3</i>, <i>4</i>, <i>5</i>, and, 7, respectively; <b>(G)</b> <i>Ctgf/Igfbp8</i>. n = 10, each group.</p