Quantitative Approach to Condensate from Residential Air Conditioners with Different Capacity as Drinking Water

During operation, the evaporator of split-type air conditioner (A/C) produces condensate water due to lower evaporator temperature, as compared to dew point temperature of the indoor air. So far, the condensate is considered unimportant and therefore being wasted. The split-type A/C is widely used in high-rise buildings, hotels, shopping areas, and even residential. The study aims to investigate the potential feasibility of the condensate to be used as for drinking water. Of course, treatment of the condensate is required before it can be used as a drinking water. The experiments were carried out in two cities, namely Bandung and Cirebon. Bandung represents a city with a cool climate, while Cirebon represents a city with a hot climate. The capacities of the A/C utilized in Bandung and Cirebon are 0.5 HP and 1 HP, respectively. The quantities of the condensate from the A/C were collected for 24 for hours. The quality of the condensate was benchmarked with guidelines/standard from PERMENKES NO 492/MENKES/PER/IV/2010. The benchmarking process involved testing and evaluation of 22 significant parameters related to water quality for drinking purpose. By utilizing waste condensate water, it is predicted that it can be a vital alternative of potable water in the futur

Effect of compressor-discharge-cooler heat-exchanger length using condensate water on the performance of a split-type air conditioner using R32 as working fluid

The utilization of condensate water as a compressor-discharge cooler results in subcooling on the condenser outlet. On the other hand, a split-type air conditioner (A/C) with R32 as working fluid can provide higher compressor-discharge temperatures than other refrigerants used in the same A/C. Therefore, A/C working with R32, equipped with a heat exchanger by utilizing waste-condensate water as the compressor-discharge cooler, has promising potential to produce the largest subcooling effect in air-conditioning systems. The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of condensate water as the compressor-discharge cooler on the performance of an A/C using R32 as the working fluid with different sizes of heat exchanger. The experimental study was carried out on the A/C with a compressor capacity of 1.1 kW, using three different heat-exchanger lengths, i.e., 18, 20 and 22 cm. The results indicated that longer heat exchangers produced higher degrees of sub-cooling; the heat exchangers with lengths of 18, 20 and 22 cm produced average degrees of subcooling of 0.9, 1.5 and 4.5 K, respectively. Therefore, increments in the degree of subcooling generate improvements in cooling capacity, lowering the compressor-input power, and enhance the COP of the A/C. The average COP improvement of the A/C with heat-exchanger lengths of 18, 20 and 22 cm were 9.1, 14.4 and 27.3%, respectively

Experimental investigation on the performance of residential air conditioning system using water condensate for subcooling

The experimental investigation of subcooling effects on system COP was carried out on a residential air conditioning using R410A as working fluid, with a compressor capacity of about 0.75 kW. In the experiment, the indoor and outdoor temperatures were controlled at 24°C and 32°C. The results showed that the use of condensate water lowers the refrigerant temperature in the condenser outlet by 2.7°C. By lowering the refrigerant temperature, the cooling capacity of the air conditioning can be enhanced. The decrease in of refrigerant temperature results in COP improvement 16.4%. Besides increasing the COP, the condensate water also decreases the discharge compressor temperature by 7.6°C. The decrease in of the discharge compressor temperature resulted in the decrease in power consumption of the air conditioning system by 5.9%

Experimental investigation on the performance of residential air conditioning system using water condensate for subcooling

The experimental investigation of subcooling effects on system COP was carried out on a residential air conditioning using R410A as working fluid, with a compressor capacity of about 0.75 kW. In the experiment, the indoor and outdoor temperatures were controlled at 24°C and 32°C. The results showed that the use of condensate water lowers the refrigerant temperature in the condenser outlet by 2.7°C. By lowering the refrigerant temperature, the cooling capacity of the air conditioning can be enhanced. The decrease in of refrigerant temperature results in COP improvement 16.4%. Besides increasing the COP, the condensate water also decreases the discharge compressor temperature by 7.6°C. The decrease in of the discharge compressor temperature resulted in the decrease in power consumption of the air conditioning system by 5.9%

ANALISIS PENGARUH PENGGUNAAN REFRIGERAN SEKUNDER DAN RETROFITTING TERHADAP KINERJA MINI FREEZER

Small refrigeration unit systems, with a capacity compressor of under a half HP, commonly are used in small shops, ice cream shop or storage of products / frozen foods. Such systems generally use a direct expansion refrigeration systems without secondary refrigerant in which direct contact occurs between the evaporator and the product. The weakness of this system is the cabin temperature easily to change as effect of the cooling load from the outside or the environment. On the other hand there is a refrigeration system equipped with secondary refrigerants, propylene glycol mixed with water, which could minimize the effect of load from outside. Refrigeration system using secondary refrigerant commonly used in large units, such as to produce ice cube. The use of secondary refrigerant are aimed to maintain the temperature of the cabin for longer than a system using direct expansion. The ability to maintain temperature of the cabin longer results in smaller electrical energy consumption. The purpose of this research is to study the performance and electrical energy consumption as effect of variying primary refrigerant, expansion valve, and secondary refrigerant used in the system. The experiment was conducted on a mini freezer with dimension of 66 x 54.5 x 46.5 (cm) which is provided with two expansion devices, thermostatic expansion valve and cappilary tube, and some spaces that can be filled with secondary refrigerant. The results show that the consumption of electrical energy were decrease, in a system without a secondary refrigerant thes average of electrical energy consumption for a period of one hour were around 0.274 kWh while the system equipped with secondary refrigerant was 0.254 kWh. Performance of arefrigeration system with higher concentration of secondary refrigerant show better results with the average efficiency of about 78.6%. The results showed the influence of refrigerant retrofitting the electrical energy consumption savings were of about 11.3%. While the performance of refrigeration systems that used expansion device of thermostatic expansion valve type showed relatively similar results with a refrigeration system that used a capillary tube. The results show that the refrigeration system equipped with secondary refrigerant could be used as a substitute for direct expansion refrigeration system for a small capacity

Experimental Evaluation On A Centralized Air Conditioning System Embedded With A Split-Type Air Conditioner As A Dedicated Subcooler

Dedicated subcooling (DS) is one of the alternative methods to gain significant performance improvement in the air conditioning (A/C) system. However, DS increases the investment cost and the performance improvement depends on the capacity ratio between the subcooler and the main A/C system (RSM). As compared to previous studies, the present study investigates experimentally the performance of the A/C system equipped with DS at smaller RSM, and justify the economic advantage of the proposed system. The experimental study was conducted at constant outdoor, evaporation, and condensation temperatures of 30, 5, and 40◦C, respectively. The experimental facility consists of a main A/C system with a compressor capacity of 11.25 kW and R22 as a working fluid. The sub-system is a split-type A/C system with compressor capacity of 0.75 kW and R290 as a working fluid. Four parameters; the degree of subcooling, cooling capacity, input power, and coefficient of performance (COP) were investigated. The results showed that the DS decreased the condenser outlet temperature, thus led to an average increase in degree of subcooling by 3.4◦C. Consequently, cooling capacity of the main system increased by 1.4 kW, and the input power of the entire system (power consumed by the main and subcooler systems) decreased by 0.4 kW. As a result, the COP raised by 7.8%, as compared to system without DS. In the economic point of view, the analysis showed that the system with DS is economically viable and has a huge potential due to short payback period of just 11.81 months

KAJI EKSPERIMENTAL RETROFIT R404A DENGAN REFRIGERAN RAMAH LINGKUNGAN R290 PADA FREEZER

R404A refrigerant is still widely used as the working fluid in freezers with temperatures below -30°C. However, because of R404A’s high global warming potential (GWP) value, its use as a working fluid should be stopped immediately. One alternative is an environmentally friendly refrigerant, that is R290. In this study, the R404A refrigerant was replaced by R290 in a freezer that can reach -40°C. In the case of replacing a refrigerant with a different type, the reference used is the same charging volume in the system. The filling mass of R290 is the ratio of the density of R404A to R290 at its evaporation temperature, which is -40°C. The amount of R404A’s mass filling is 170 g, while the amount of R290’s mass filling is 62.9 g. Based on a 120-minutes testing, replacing R404A with R290 has resulted in the reduction of power input by 6.0%, as well as in the slight increase of its cooling capacity, which is 2.42%. As a result of the input power decrease and the cooling capacity increase, the COP in the freezer also increased, namely by 8.05%. More importantly, if a leak occurs in the refrigerant, the replacement of R404A with R290 can help reduce gas emissions that contribute to global warming. It is because the GWP value of R404A refrigerant, which is 3922, is replaced by the GWP value of R290 refrigerant, which is only 3

Effect of Compressor-Discharge-Cooler Heat-Exchanger Length Using Condensate Water on the Performance of a Split-Type Air Conditioner Using R32 as Working Fluid

The utilization of condensate water as a compressor-discharge cooler results in subcooling on the condenser outlet. On the other hand, a split-type air conditioner (A/C) with R32 as working fluid can provide higher compressor-discharge temperatures than other refrigerants used in the same A/C. Therefore, A/C working with R32, equipped with a heat exchanger by utilizing waste-condensate water as the compressor-discharge cooler, has promising potential to produce the largest subcooling effect in air-conditioning systems. The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of condensate water as the compressor-discharge cooler on the performance of an A/C using R32 as the working fluid with different sizes of heat exchanger. The experimental study was carried out on the A/C with a compressor capacity of 1.1 kW, using three different heat-exchanger lengths, i.e., 18, 20 and 22 cm. The results indicated that longer heat exchangers produced higher degrees of subcooling; the heat exchangers with lengths of 18, 20 and 22 cm produced average degrees of subcooling of 0.9, 1.5 and 4.5 K, respectively. Therefore, increments in the degree of subcooling generate improvements in cooling capacity, lowering the compressor-input power, and enhance the COP of the A/C. The average COP improvement of the A/C with heat-exchanger lengths of 18, 20 and 22 cm were 9.1, 14.4 and 27.3%, respectively