ANALISA METALOGRAFI PENGARUH FILLER ZINC PADA PENGELASAN TITIK BEDA MATERIAL ALUMINIUM DAN STAINLESS STEEL

Spot welding is a widely used in automotive manufacturing. A dissimilar spot welding is one of welding technology developments which can reduce the weight of vehicles. To join between aluminum and stainless steel, there is still difficult since they have different melting point . This research has been conducted by joining between aluminum with thickness 1,2 mm and stainless steel with thickness 1 mm, and puts 0,2 mm filler zinc in the middle of those parts. This study aims to describe the functions of a filler zinc in dissimilar spot welding. Firstly, chemical composition has been tested by using ASTM A751-0 to know type of the materials, macro and micro structure with ASTM E407-07 to know the physique. Then the parameters of welding are variety such current (6000, 7000, 8000 A) and weld time (0,2, 0,3, 0,4 s). Based on the chemical composition test, the type aluminum speciment is 6019 series, stainless steel is martensite ferrite 430 series, and zinc is ZA-12 series. In the macro structure test, it shows that the increasing of diameter nuggets are related of amount current and weld timing. Beside that, welding using filler zinc have nugget more larger than non-filler, and also its aluminum looks bigger to stainless steel because different conductivity. In the micro structure test, HAZ area shows grain on alumunum becomes smaller, but on the stainless steel the grain become bigger. It happens because a cooling process on alumunum is faster than stainless steel. Meanwhile in the nugget, the grain of a filler zinc can be mixed only with alumunum grain. However, the grain of stainless steel cannot be mixed with alumunum and filler zinc grai

Pengaruh Polaritas Arus Listrik Terhadap Sifat Mekanik Sambungan Las Aluminium AA1100 Pada Pengelasan GTAW (Gas Tungsten Arc Welding)

GTAW welding (Gas Tungsten Arc Welding) is one type of electric arc welding with gas shield. This study aims to find out the mechanical properties of Aluminum AA1100 after undergoing the GTAW welding process using current variations of 130 A, 150 A, and 170 A at ac and DCEN polarity. This welding uses AWS A5 tungsten electrodes. 12-98 and welding wire or filler ER4043. The type of splicing used is a butt joint with the type of campuh is single v groove with an angle of 30o. The standard used for the manufacture of tensile test specimens and their testing is ASME IX, for chemical composition testing using the ASTM A751-01 standard. For hardness tests using ASTM E92 standard. The tensile test results in the highest average voltage value found in the ac polarity with a current of 130 A of 107.457 Mpa, and the highest stretch average value is also found in the current AC polarity of 170 A of 7.084%. For the hardness test the weld metal area produces the highest average hardness value found in the DCEN polarity with a current of 170 A of 66.1 VHn, while in the HAZ area the highest hardness value is found in the DCEN polarity with a current of 130 A of 32.5 VHn. And viewed from the micro photo shows a noticeable change in grains, along with the increase in current affects the large change of grains. If the greater the current given, it appears that the area affected by the heat of the FeAl3 grain becomes larger, while in the weld area it will be more dominant FeAlC

Pengaruh Penambahan Gas Argon Pada Pengelasan Titik Alumunium Terhadap Sifat Mekanis Dan Struktur Metalografi

The purpose of this study is to determine the effect of the addition of argon gas to the point shearing of the shear strength and metallographic structure. The material used is aluminum SERI 1000 with a thickness of 1 mm. In this study grouped into two environments, namely argon gas and without argon gas. The welding current variations used are 3.6 kA, 4.4 kA and 5 kA, while the welding time variations are 2.5 seconds, 3.5 seconds, 4.5 seconds. Standard testing for shear strength of welded joints using ASME IX and for macro and micro test photos using ASTM standards E3 and E7. The results showed that with the addition of argon gas the diameter of the nugget obtained (1.6mm-2.7mm) compared without argon gas (1.4mm-2.6mm) in addition to the addition of argon gas reduces the porosity of the weld metal

Analisa Pengaruh Filler Serbuk Zinc Terhadap Sifat Mekanik Sambungan Las Titik Beda Material Antara Aluminium dan Stainless Steel

In designing a vehicle to be considered many things, one of which is a material that used. The type of material used will influence the weight of the vehicles that have an impact on the efficiency of fuel consumption. Stainless steel and aluminum is a material which could not be separated in the automotive industry. Spot welding is one of the electrical resistance welding methods that are often used in the automotive industry. This research aims to know the strength spot welded joint between aluminium and austenitic stainless steel. Then the process will be investigated in several variant of current is 6000 A, 7000 A, 8000 A and weld time is 0.2 seconds, 0.3 seconds, 0.4 seconds. There are two test which be carried out, shear tension test based on ASME QW-462.9 and microhardness test based on AWS D8.9-97. The results showed that the addition of zinc powder filler as interlayer had an effect on the strength of welded joint. The most optimal welded joint strength occurs in specimens as zinc powder filler at a current variation of 8000 A and a time of 0.4 seconds, its value is 1150 N. While for the highest hardness is found in the area of weld metal (nugget) on specimens based on zinc powder filler as a current of 8000 A and time of 0.4 seconds

Analisa Karakteristik Mekanis Dan Fisis Komposit Serat Batang Pisang Polyester Yang Disusun Simetri [-45/45/45/-45] Akibat Variasi Temperatur

Penelitian komposit serat batang pisang ini bertujuan untuk mendiskripsikan sifat fisis dan mekanis komposit serat batang pisang akibat perubahan temperatur dan mendiskripsikan foto makro komposit serat batang pisang setelah dilakukan pengujian tarik dan pengujian bending akibat perubahan temberatur. Proses awal pengelupasan dan pemotongan kulit batang pohon pisang dilanjutkan proses pengepresan dan perendaman pelepah batang pisang selama 1 bulan. Selanjutnya proses pemilahan serat helai demi helai menggunakan bantuan air bersih. Penjemuran dibawah sinar matahari sampai kering selanjutnya proses perendaman KMnO4 5% per 1 liter aquades selama 2 jam. Penjemuran dibawah sinar matahari sampai kering dilanjutkan proses oven hingga kadar air 10%. Pembuatan komposit dilakukan dengan metode Hand Lay-up, perbandingan serat 30%, orientasi serat [-45/ 45/ 45/ -45]. menggunakan resin polyester seri BQTN 157. Adapun proses pengujian yaitu pengujian tarik menggunakan standart ASTM D3039-07 dan pengujian bending menggunakan standart ASTM D7264-07 dengan variasi temperatur ruang dan temperatur ruang uji 35 C, 45 C, 55 C, serta mendriskripsikan kekuatan tarik dan foto makro komposit polyester serat batang pohon pisang akibat perubahan temperatur.Hasil pengujian tarik disimpulkan bahwa temperatur semakin tinggi kekuatan tarik akan turun, ini terbukti kekuatan tarik mengalami penurunan dari 23,608 N/mm2 menjadi 10,617 N/mm2. Dan hasil pengujian bending disimpulkan bahwa temperatur semakin tinggi kekuatan tarik akan semakin besar didapat kenaikan tegangan dari 0,192 N/mm2 menjadi 9,917 N/mm2 pada suhu 55 C. Pada hasil foto makro terlihat struktur patahan pada setiap spesimen komposit tidak beraturan dan bergelombang, hali ini disebabkan karena komposit mempunyai sifat liat. Jika temperatur uji semakin tinggi, void akan mengembang dan pull-out fiber sangat mendominasi maka kekuatan tarik akan menurun

Analisa Metalografi Pengaruh Filler Serbuk Zinc Pada Sambungan Las Titik Beda Material Antara Aluminium Dan Stainless Steel

The purpose of this research is to describe the effect of zinc powder filler on the spot welding to the macro and micro welding of the weld metal, HAZ, and the parent metal. Zinc powder is placed between two parent metals with assisted locator in the form of a hole in aluminum. Metallographic testing performed is a macro and micro photo test based on ASTM E407-07 standard. The materials used are 1mm thick stainless steel, 1.2mm thick aluminum and zinc powder filler. The varied weld parameters are electric current (6000, 7000, 8000 A) and (0.2, 0.3, 0.4 sec). By macro photo test results that the greater the current and welding time, the greater the diameter of nuggets. Welding using zinc filler, diameter nugget is bigger than without filler. Furthermore, through the microscope test showed that zinc powder fused and mixed with aluminum, while the welding without filler did not occur melting. In addition it is seen that the aluminum metal welding area is larger than stainless steel, then the grain in the HAZ stainless steel area change large, while the aluminum turns into small

Analisis Pengaruh Holding Time dan Arus Pengelasan Terhadap Sifat Mekanik Sambungan Las Titik Pada Stainless Steel

Spot Welding is one of the resistance welding method most widely used in the automotive and manufacturing world. Spot Welding has several advantages among fast process, neat and simple. Current and holding time is an important parameter for determining the quality of the spot weld. This study aims to determine the effect of holding time parameter and variations in electrical current in the welding results point to the shear strength and hardness distribution. In this study, using a material austenitic stainless steel with a constant thickness of 0.8 mm. With the variation of holding time 1 s ; 3 s and 5 s. While the variation of the current parameter 5000 A, 6000 A and 7000 A. The experiment is testing the shear strength or Tensile Shear Load Bearing Capacity and micro vickers hardness test with testing standards AWS D8.9-97. The results showed that the variation of holding time has an increase in the strength of welded average 3.73% and current variation had an average increase of 13.44%. While the variation current and holding time on hardness testing has the same hardness distribution, weld nugget area has the highest hardness then HAZ and base metal. Where the highest hardness is 285.6 HVN0,2 in weld nugget with 7000 ampere welding current and a holding time of 5 seconds

Analisa Pengaruh Filler Metal Zinc Terhadap Sifat Mekanik Sambungan Beda Material Pada Las Titik Antara Baja Tahan Karat Dan Aluminium

Availability of fossil fuels dwindling human demands for innovation in energy savings. An engine with high fuel efficiency is one solution to the energy savings that can be obtained by reducing vehicle weight. The type of material used will affect the weight of the vehicle. Stainless steel and aluminum is a material that can not be separated in the automotive industry. However, in the manufacturing process, the connection between stainless steel by welding is difficult because its melting point is much different. This study tried to determine the strength of welded joints different points using a filler material with or without filler. Research uses ferrite type stainless steel 1 mm thick 430 series and 6019 series aluminum 1.2 mm thick zinc with 0.2 mm thick as filler. Welding process using spot welding machine brands Dayok 0K-25 models. Specimens were divided into 2 groups: without filler and without filler with variations in current 6000 A, 7000 A and 8000 A. The time variation is 0.2 s; 0.3 s; and 0.4 s. Tests were conducted to determine the mechanical properties of welded joints that point shear testing (Shear Load Bearing Capacity) and microhardness Vickers hardness testing. Shear testing using standard testing ASME IX. While the Vickers hardness testing using standard testing microhardness AWS D8.9-97. Result showed that the addition of zinc filler metal with a variety of current and time weld significantly influence the strength of the weld joint. Similarly, the results of hardness test specimen in which an escalation of violence that was significant at the weld joint areas compared with the parent metal. For optimum welding joint force occurred on the specimen using a zinc filler metal at 8000 A current variation and a time of 0.4 seconds with a value of 1235.165 N. The highest hardness values are also present in the area of the weld metal (nugget) specimens using a filler with a current of 8000 A and a time of 0.4 seconds

Studi Metalografi Pengaruh Filler Serbuk Zinc Pada Pengelasan Titik Beda Material Antara Aluminium Dan Stainless Steel

Spot welding is a widely used in automotive manufacturing. A dissimilar spot welding is one of welding technology developments which can reduce the weight of vehicles. To join between aluminum and stainless steel, there is still difficult since they have different melting point . This research has been conducted by joining between aluminum with thickness 1,2 mm and stainless steel with thickness 1 mm, and puts 0,05 grm filler zinc in the middle of those parts. This study aims to describe the functions of a filler zinc in dissimilar spot welding. Firstly, chemical composition has been tested by using ASTM A751-0 to know type of the materials, macro and micro structure with ASTM E407-07 to know the physique. Then the parameters of welding are variety such current (6000, 7000, 8000 A) and weld time (0,2, 0,3, 0,4 s). Based on the chemical composition test, the type aluminum speciment is 6019 series, stainless steel is martensite ferrite 430 series, and zinc is ZA-12 series. In the macro structure test, it shows that the increasing of diameter nuggets are related of amount current and weld timing. Beside that, welding using filler zinc have nugget more larger than non-filler, and also its aluminum looks bigger to stainless steel because different conductivity. In the micro structure test, HAZ area shows grain on alumunum becomes smaller, but on the stainless steel the grain become bigger. It happens because a cooling process on alumunum is faster than stainless steel. Meanwhile in the nugget, the grain of a filler zinc can be mixed only with alumunum grain. However, the grain of stainless steel cannot be mixed with alumunum and filler zinc grain

Pengaruh Desain Sambungan Las Spot Welding Terhadap Kekuatan Sambungan Pada Material Mild Steel

Spot Welding or a welding method that uses electric resistance (Resistance Welding) in which two plate surfaces to be joined is pressed together by the two electrodes. Mild steel / carbon steel is one of the metals that are often used for connecting different types of materials in the industrial world. This is because these metals are used in almost all industrial sectors. Low carbon steel is a type of steel having a carbon content (C) of less than 0.30%. The advantages of this metal, among others, has good weldability characteristics, easily forged, machined, and has a relatively cheap price. This study uses material mild steel with a thickness of 1 mm. Variations of the parameters used in this study is the welding current of 4000 A, 5000 A and a welding time of 0.4 seconds, 0.5 seconds. Chemical composition testing using ASTM standard 1251, shear strength test specimens using standard ASME IX. The results showed that the study material is mild steel Iron (Fe) = 98.61%, carbon (C) = 0.272%, Silisum (Si) = 0337%, Magnesium (Mg) = 0402, and other elements below 0.1% , Variations of the design parameters, current and time affect the strength of the weld joint results. The greater current and time, will increase the yield strength of welded joints. variations in the design of an increase in power load bearing shear strength when design 2 stronger than design 3, resulting in the design of the welding point 2 rests up and down while the design of a 3 resting spot welding right and left. Thus variations in design will affect the strength of load bearing sliding on the connection. 2 design so that the weld point rests top and bottom will be better and more effective when compared with 3 design that relies spot welding right and left