ANALISIS PERPINDAHAN PANAS PADA PROSES PENGUKUSAN ADONAN KERUPUK RAMBAK MENGGUNAKAN MESIN PENGUKUS BERBAHAN BAKAR GAS

Rambak cracker is one of the favorite snack food of Indonesian people because it has good taste and crunch texture. The process of making the rinds are still largely conventional, as well as the process of steaming. Steaming process is done with equipment that does not meet the standards that allow contamination of the dough being steamed. Based on this research it was made in the form design tool of steamer with LPG-Gas fired during of the crackers dough processing which can mechanically increase the capacity for steaming process so as to reduce the human workload, conserve the energy and increase the income. The purpose of the design tool steamer during to cracker dough processing is to analyze the heat transfer process and the energy consumed during the steaming process using liquefied petroleum gas-fueled appliance steamer. Testing tool of steamer with crackers dough processing was made with 3 variations of capacity, small of 20 Kg, middle of 40 Kg , and large of 80 Kg. The data that was taken was include the changes in room temperature, materials, and water, the amount of gas consumed, as well as the volume of water that evaporated during the steaming process. The process of the crackers dough steaming was analyzed with Lumped capacitance method to obtain heat transfers rate. The model was then used to analyze the value of k and h. The results showed that the efficiency obtained by the Law of Energy Balance for each of a capacity of 80 kg, 40 kg, and 20 kg is 51.07 %, 51.18%, and 51.85%. The most efficient value of efficiency is the capacity of 80 kg because it can cook the dough crackers with the highest capacity. The h value for a capacity of 20 kg and 40 kg and 80 kg is 68.02 W/m2oC, W/m2oC 52.15, and 42.28 W/m2oC. The h value for each of a capacity has no significant difference in each rack. On the top shelf and middle value of h at a capacity of 20 kg was significantly different with a capacity of 80 kg, but on the bottom shelf there is no real difference to the value of h in each capacity. Key word : rambak crackers, steaming rate, heat trnasfer, energy consumption, lumped capacitance