446 research outputs found
Islam & International Criminal Law: A Brief (In) Compatibility Study
This paper explores why that incompatibility between Islam and international criminal law persists and considers recommendations for mitigating that dynamic. Why is this important? Primarily because the Western-influenced international criminal law apparatus and the Muslim world are likely to collide more often in the future. If a war crimes tribunal is established in Afghanistan, or if the trial of Syrian agents for the assassination of Lebanonâs former prime minister goes forward, it is imperative that Islamic societies touched by those processes feel a sense of âbuy-inâ or participation that is meaningful for them. Otherwise, it becomes the same old story of Western domination over conflicting Muslim interests, and that story only breeds more resentment and even hatred
Learning from those "imitative" Japanese : Edward S. Morse and the civilization of the Mikado's empire
Already in the twelfth century, men canvassed different views on
the ways in which they thought lordship ought to be exercised. They
used their picture of how an idealised "Good Lord" -- a familiar label
in later times -- comported himself to assess the treatment they
actually received from their lords. This Good Lordship had both
Positive and Negative aspects: the "good lord" maintained his vassals
in their honours and renounced his right to revoke grants afterwards.
One excellent way to study the pursuit of this double ideal is through
the language of charters, more particularly through the warranty
clauses by which Good Lordship was often implemented. The
transformation of warranty into its familiar Common-Law shape reflects
corresponding and complex changes in both lord-vassal relations and the
role of the King and his justice.
Warranty actually began as a security device, designed to keep men
to their word, and is found used in this sense over wide areas of sub-
Carolingian Europe. It was probably imported to England by the French,
and can be seen in twelfth-century charters progressively superseding
other forms of words to become the classic "guarantee" of Good
Lordship. In this manner it came by 1200 to be virtually equated with
the lordship it had originally been used to enforce. Warranty was
lordship seen from the vassal's point of view, that is, tenant-right.
Despite this origin in very personal relations, warranty probably
always created between the parties' heirs some kind of obligation,
which sharpened and was made infinitely more clear-cut with the
emergence of full legal inheritance rights. Warranty swelled to full
tenant-right, a full guarantee of the Right to Good Lordship.
As the heir's claim grew into an enforceable right of inheritance
through increasing access to remedies by royal justice, and because
such justice tended to strict construction, warranty became a
contractual addition to which claimants had to prove their entitlement.
The narrative of legal change from 1150 argues for gradual evolution
but also suggests 1153-4 as the decisive turning-point in this
development.
Detailed (sometimes technical) examination of evidence for some
relevant cases, royal writs concerning warranty and the turning-point
of 1153-4 is reserved for three appendixes
1996 Program
1996 Women\u27s Basketball Program, George Fox Universit
This House which I have built: The Foundation of the Brattle Street Church in Boston and Transformations in Colonial Congregationalism
On December 24, 1699, a small gathering of men and women met for public Worship in [their] pleasant new-built house, a simple wooden structure in Brattle Close, a section of Boston near the town dock. The newly appointed Reverend Benjamin Colman preached from Chronicles 2, chapter vi, verse 18, But will God in very deed dwell with men on the earth? Behold, heaven, and the heaven of heavens, cannot contain thee; how much less this house which I have built. This first public meeting of the Brattle Street Church occurred amidst a heated theological debate among New England Congregational clergymen, which began a year earlier when the foundation of the church had first been conceived. Brattle Streetâs foundation was in reaction to theological, political, and cultural transformations that affected the whole of New England in the latter half of the seventeenth century, all of which converged in the 1690s. While the foundation of Brattle Street Church did not make any radical departures from contemporary theological consensus, its foundation did represent the first concrete fragmentation of a theretofore unified New England Congregational community. In this sense, the foundation of the Brattle Street Church is representative of a radical development in the evolution of colonial Congregationalism
Child loss and fertility behaviour in Ghana
Evidence shows a strong relationship between child mortality and fertility at the aggregate level but the relationship at the individual level is less clear. Data from the 1993 Ghana DHS are used to examine the impact of infant death on a woman's subsequent fertility behaviour. Birth interval analysis, parity progression ratios, and multilevel discrete-time hazard models are used. Child replacement after infant death is found to be taking place in Ghana. On average, birth intervals are shortened by about 15 months if a child dies in the neonatal stage, and by about 11 months for postneonatal death. Progression to the next parity is higher if an infant dies than if it survives; the probability of progression is about 32% higher if a male child dies than if a female dies. A sustained decline in child mortality in Ghana is likely to result in further reduction in fertility
Veterans Residing in Adams County, Pennsylvania, 1840-1930
The federal decennial census provides a wide-ranging set of data for analysis. The census forms for each ten-year cycle from 1790 until 1930 have been released to the public for access. The tabulations of 1840, 1910, and 1930 contain data relating to the military service of those interviewed by the census enumerator. Compiled here is a list of veterans, listed by Adams County township, who served in the American Revolution, War of 1812, Civil War, Spanish-American War, World War I, or other military actions from 1840 through 1930
Childhood mortality in sub-Saharan Africa : cross-sectional insight into small-scale geographical inequalities from Census data
Objectives To estimate and quantify childhood mortality, its spatial correlates and the impact of potential correlates using recent census data from three sub-Saharan African countries (Rwanda, Senegal and Uganda), where evidence is lacking.
Design Cross-sectional.
Setting Nation-wide census samples from three African countries participating in the 2010 African Census round. All three countries have conducted recent censuses and have information on mortality of children under 5â
years.
Participants 111â
288 children under the age of 5â
years in three countries.
Primary and secondary outcome measures Under-five mortality was assessed alongside potential correlates including geographical location (where children live), and environmental, bio-demographic and socioeconomic variables.
Results Multivariate analysis indicates that in all three countries the overall risk of child death in the first 5â
years of life has decreased in recent years (Rwanda: HR=0.04, 95% CI 0.02 to 0.09; Senegal: HR=0.02 (95% CI 0.02 to 0.05); Uganda: HR=0.011 (95% CI 0.006 to 0.018). In Rwanda, lower deaths were associated with living in urban areas (0.79, 0.73, 0.83), children with living mother (HR=0.16, 95% CI 0.15 to 0.17) or living father (HR=0.38, 95% CI 0.36 to 0.39). Higher death was associated with male children (HR=1.06, 95% CI 1.02 to 1.08) and Christian children (HR=1.14, 95% CI 1.05 to 1.27). Children less than 1â
year were associated with higher risk of death compared to older children in the three countries. Also, there were significant spatial variations showing inequalities in children mortality by geographic location. In Uganda, for example, areas of high risk are in the south-west and north-west and Kampala district showed a significantly reduced risk.
Conclusions We provide clear evidence of considerable geographical variation of under-five mortality which is unexplained by factors considered in the data. The resulting under-five mortality maps can be used as a practical tool for monitoring progress within countries for the Millennium Development Goal 4 to reduce under-five mortality in half by 2015
1988 Media Guide
1988 Men\u27s Basketball Media Guide, George Fox College
1982 Media Guide
1982 Men\u27s Basketball Media Guide, George Fox College
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