Antifungal Activity of Eucalyptus Urophylla Oil Against Aspergillus Niger and Fusarium Oxysporum

Essential oils obtained from Eucalyptus posses many bioactivities as fungicidal, antimicrobial, insecticidal and other activities. This study elucidated chemical compounds and antifungal activity of Eucalyptus urophylla leaves oil. Effectiveness of E. urophylla leaves oil were evaluated as antifungal against pathogenic fungi of A. Niger and F. oxysporum. Eucalyptus urophylla oil was obtained by hydrodistillation method from fresh leaves of E. urophylla. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis was used to analyze the chemical compounds of E. urophylla oil. Antifungal activity of E. urophylla oil was tested with in-vitro assay against A. Niger and F. oxysporum strains with five levels of oil concentration (1 mg ml-1; 5 mg ml-1; 10 mg ml-1; 15 mg ml-1; 20 mg ml-1). GC-MS analysis showed the most abundant compounds of E. urophylla oil were 1,8-cineole (66.31 %), α-pinene (16.92 %), α-terpinyl acetate (6.00 %) and γ-terpinene (5.13 %). Antifungal assay showed inhibitory effects of E. urophylla against F. oxysporum with IC50 = 1.61 mg ml-1 and A. Niger with IC50 = 13.56 mg ml-1. Antifungal activity of E. urophylla oil in this study was probably due to the presence of 1,8-cineole. Results indicated the possibility of E. urophylla as antifungal against F. oxysporum and A. Niger

Antifungal activity of lactic acid bacteria

Enrichment culture techniques produced more than 1200 isolates of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) that were screened for antifungal activity against the indicator mould Aspergillus fumigatus. Approximately 10% of the LAB were active, but only 4% had medium or strong activity in an agar plate assay. The majority of isolates with strong antifungal activity were Lactobacillus coryniformis strains, but Lactobacillus plantarum and Pediococcus pentosaceus were also frequently identified. Some of the isolates lost activity during storage but most maintained their fungal inhibitory effect. Large variations in sensitivity were observed between different moulds and yeasts. Antifungal cyclic dipeptides and phenyllactic acid were detected in culture filtrates from several of the LAB isolates. Lactobacillus coryniformis subsp. coryniformis strain Si3 produced an antifungal compound that lost activity when treated with proteinases. The antifungal peptide(s) was heat stable, with a size of approx. 3kDa and had maximum activity at pH 3.0 to 4.5. Addition of ethanol to the growth medium of strain Si3 prevented a decline in observed antifungal activity during the stationary phase. Glycerol addition to agar plates with L. coryniformis strains, overlaid with soft agar suspensions of yeast cells or fungal spores, strongly enhanced the antifungal effect. This was particularly true with spoilage moulds and yeasts, e.g. Penicillium roqueforti and Pichia anomala, not normally affected by the antifungal metabolites of L. coryniformis. Chemical and genetic data suggested that reuterin (3-hydroxypropionaldehyde) was the cause of this effect. The glycerol/diol dehydratase operon of L. coryniformis was partially elucidated and found to be similar to that Lactobacillus collinoides. Bioassay-guided isolation of new metabolites from LAB revealed that Lactobacillus plantarum MiLAB 14 produces hydroxylated fatty acids with strong antifungal effects. 3-Hydroxydecanoic acid, 3-hydroxydodecanoic acid, 3-hydroxytetradecanoic acid and 3-hydroxy-5-cis-dodecenoic acid were characterized from the supernatant of MiLAB 14. The hydroxy fatty acids had total inhibitory effects in the range 10 to >100 µg ml-1 against several moulds and yeasts

Antifungal Activity of Petrolium and Ethanolic Extracts of Moringa Oleifera Leaves against Penicillium Chrysogenum and Cryptococcus Neoformans

Moringa oleifera is well known medicinal plant. Its different parts are widely used for the treatment of different types of diseases since is have antibacterial and antifungal activity. The leaves are rich in iron, rhamnose and a unique group of compounds called glucosinolates and isothiocyanates. Other medical proprieties include antipyretic, antiepileptic, antiinflamatory, antiulcerative, antihypertensive, cholesterol lowering, antioxidant, anti diabetic. The current investigation was undertaken to evaluate the antifungal activities by petroleum ether and ethanolic extracts of Moringa oleifera leaves against Penicillium crysogenum and Cryptococcus neoformans. From our study, it is found that as concentration of Moringa leaves extract increases the diameter of zone of inhibition found increased. The results were higher and effective for ethanolic extract than petroleum extract. The result were also found more effective against Cryptococcus neoformans than Penicillium crysogenum

Antifungal activity of triterpenoid isolated from Azima tetracantha leaves.

The present study was designed to evaluate the antifungal activity of Azima tetracantha extracts and isolated compound (friedelin) against fungi. Antifungal activity was carried out using broth microdilution method and fractions were collected using (silica gel) column chromatography. The antifungal activity of Azima tetracantha crude extracts and isolated compound (friedelin) were evaluated using the micro dilution method. Hexane extract showed some antifungal activity. The compound also exhibited antifungal activity against tested fungi. The lowest MIC against Trichophyton rubrum (296) was 62.5 microg/ml and the MIC for Curvularia lunata was 62.5 microg/ml. These results suggest that Friedelin is a promising antifungal agent

Identification of a new strain of Actinomadura isolated from Saharan soil and partial characterization of its antifungal compounds

One promising strain Actinomadura sp. AC170, isolated from Algerian Saharan soil, with strong antifungal activity against pathogenic and toxinogenic fungi, was selected for further studies. The 16S rRNA results showed a distinct phylogenetic lineage from the other species within the Actinomadura genus. The production of antibiotic substances was investigated using GYEA solid medium. The butanolic extract contained four bioactive spots detected on thin layer chromatography plates. Among these antibiotics, a complex called 170A, which showed the more interesting antifungal activity, was selected and purified by reverse-phase HPLC. This complex is composed of four compounds. Ultraviolet-visible, infrared, mass and H nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy studies showed that these molecules contain an aromatic ring substituted by aliphatic chains. These compounds differ from the known antibiotics produced by Actinomadura species

Antifungal Activity of Alcoholic Leaf Extracts of Terminalia Catappa and Terminalia Arjuna on Some Pathogenic and Allergenic Fungi

Abstract Ethanol and methanol leaf extracts of Terminalia catappa and Terminalia arjuna were investigated for in-vitro antifungal activity. Four fungi tested were Aspergillus niger, Alternaria alternata, Curvularia lunata and Trychophyton tonsurans.The in-vitro antifungal activity was evaluated by food poison technique. Both the plants should antifungal activity on comparision with T. arjuna better antifungal efficacy was shown by methanol extract of T. catappa. Methanol extract showed significant antifungal activity against most susceptible mould was Curvularia lunata. The results were compared with standard antifungals. Key words: Terminalia species, medicinal plants, antifungal activity, Aspergillus niger, Alternaria alternata, Curvularia lunata, Trychophyton tonsurans, pathogenic, allergenic in-vivo

Formulation Of Lengkuas Rhizome (Alpinia Galanga L.) Extract's Gel AS Antifungal With Hidroxy Prophyl Methyl Cellulosae (Hpmc) And Carbopol Base

Infection of Malassezia furfur on skin can be caused by bad factor. One of the materials that can be used as an antifungal is Lengkuas rhizome extract (Alpinia galanga L.). This study had purpose to determine the antifungal activity and the effectiveness of gels Lengkuas rhizome extract on pathogenic fungi using maseration method with etanol 96%. Gel making is used HPMC and carbopol base. Testing activity of extract and testing the effectiveness of the gel by disc diffusion method (Kirby-Bauer test). Screening result showed that the extract contains triterpenoids, flavonoids and essential oil. Based on the test results against Malassezia furfur, antifungal activity of the extract in the gel increased compared to extracts without formulated into a gel. But the activity increasing was not significant based on statistical analysis with one-way ANOVA test obtained a significance of 0.234 (p> 0.05)

Dyeing studies with henna and madder: A research on effect of tin (II) chloride mordant

The present paper deals with the application of natural dyes extracted from powdered henna (Lawsonia inermis) leaves and madder (Rubia cordifolia) roots on woolen yarn and assessment of effect of stannous chloride mordant on dyeability, color characteristics, fastness properties and antifungal activity of dyed woolen yarn. Sixteen shades have been developed for the characterization of their color characteristics and fastness properties. The color strength (K/S value) has been found to be very good in all dyed woolen yarn samples. The color fastness with respect to light exposure, washing and rubbing was quite satisfactory for both henna as well as madder dyed samples. Henna leaves extract was found very effective against Candida glabrata both in solution as well as after application on wool substrate but no antifungal activity is reported in case of madder both in solution as well as on wool substrate