4 research outputs found

    Big data architecture for intelligent maintenance : a focus on query processing and machine learning algorithms

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    Exploiting available condition monitoring data of industrial machines for intelligent maintenance purposes has been attracting attention in various application fields. Machine learning algorithms for fault detection, diagnosis and prognosis are popular and easily accessible. However, our experience in working at the intersection of academia and industry showed that the major challenges of building an end-to-end system in a real-world industrial setting go beyond the design of machine learning algorithms. One of the major challenges is the design of an end-to-end data management solution that is able to efficiently store and process large amounts of heterogeneous data streams resulting from a variety of physical machines. In this paper we present the design of an end-to-end Big Data architecture that enables intelligent maintenance in a real-world industrial setting. In particular, we will discuss various physical design choices for optimizing high-dimensional queries, such as partitioning and Z-ordering, that serve as the basis for health analytics. Finally, we describe a concrete fault detection use case with two different health monitoring algorithms based on machine learning and classical statistics and discuss their advantages and disadvantages. The paper covers some of the most important aspects of the practical implementation of such an end-to-end solution and demonstrates the challenges and their mitigation for the specific application of laser cutting machines

    Enabling Complex Semantic Queries to Bioinformatics Databases through Intuitive Search Over Data

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    Data integration promises to be one of the main catalysts in enabling new insights to be drawn from the wealth of biological data already available publicly. However, the heterogene- ity of the existing data sources still poses significant challenges for achieving interoperability among biological databases. Furthermore, merely solving the technical challenges of data in- tegration, for example through the use of common data representation formats, leaves open the larger problem. Namely, the steep learning curve required for understanding the data models of each public source, as well as the technical language through which the sources can be queried and joined. As a consequence, most of the available biological data remain practically unexplored today. In this thesis, we address these problems jointly, by first introducing an ontology-based data integration solution in order to mitigate the data source heterogeneity problem. We illustrate through the concrete example of Bgee, a gene expression data source, how relational databases can be exposed as virtual Resource Description Framework (RDF) graphs, through relational-to-RDF mappings. This has the important advantage that the original data source can remain unmodified, while still becoming interoperable with external RDF sources. We complement our methods with applied case studies designed to guide domain experts in formulating expressive federated queries targeting the integrated data across the domains of evolutionary relationships and gene expression. More precisely, we introduce two com- parative analyses, first within the same domain (using orthology data from multiple, inter- operable, data sources) and second across domains, in order to study the relation between expression change and evolution rate following a duplication event. Finally, in order to bridge the semantic gap between users and data, we design and im- plement Bio-SODA, a question answering system over domain knowledge graphs, that does not require training data for translating user questions to SPARQL. Bio-SODA uses a novel ranking approach that combines syntactic and semantic similarity, while also incorporating node centrality metrics to rank candidate matches for a given user question. Our results in testing Bio-SODA across several real-world databases that span multiple domains (both within and outside bioinformatics) show that it can answer complex, multi-fact queries, be- yond the current state-of-the-art in the more well-studied open-domain question answering. -- L’intĂ©gration des donnĂ©es promet d’ĂȘtre l’un des principaux catalyseurs permettant d’extraire des nouveaux aperçus de la richesse des donnĂ©es biologiques dĂ©jĂ  disponibles publiquement. Cependant, l’hĂ©tĂ©rogĂ©nĂ©itĂ© des sources de donnĂ©es existantes pose encore des dĂ©fis importants pour parvenir Ă  l’interopĂ©rabilitĂ© des bases de donnĂ©es biologiques. De plus, en surmontant seulement les dĂ©fis techniques de l’intĂ©gration des donnĂ©es, par exemple grĂące Ă  l’utilisation de formats standard de reprĂ©sentation de donnĂ©es, on laisse ouvert un problĂšme encore plus grand. À savoir, la courbe d’apprentissage abrupte nĂ©cessaire pour comprendre la modĂ©li- sation des donnĂ©es choisie par chaque source publique, ainsi que le langage technique par lequel les sources peuvent ĂȘtre interrogĂ©s et jointes. Par consĂ©quent, la plupart des donnĂ©es biologiques publiquement disponibles restent pratiquement inexplorĂ©s aujourd’hui. Dans cette thĂšse, nous abordons l’ensemble des deux problĂšmes, en introduisant d’abord une solution d’intĂ©gration de donnĂ©es basĂ©e sur ontologies, afin d’attĂ©nuer le problĂšme d’hĂ©tĂ©- rogĂ©nĂ©itĂ© des sources de donnĂ©es. Nous montrons, Ă  travers l’exemple de Bgee, une base de donnĂ©es d’expression de gĂšnes, une approche permettant les bases de donnĂ©es relationnelles d’ĂȘtre publiĂ©s sous forme de graphes RDF (Resource Description Framework) virtuels, via des correspondances relationnel-vers-RDF (« relational-to-RDF mappings »). Cela prĂ©sente l’important avantage que la source de donnĂ©es d’origine peut rester inchangĂ©, tout en de- venant interopĂ©rable avec les sources RDF externes. Nous complĂ©tons nos mĂ©thodes avec des Ă©tudes de cas appliquĂ©es, conçues pour guider les experts du domaine dans la formulation de requĂȘtes fĂ©dĂ©rĂ©es expressives, ciblant les don- nĂ©es intĂ©grĂ©es dans les domaines des relations Ă©volutionnaires et de l’expression des gĂšnes. Plus prĂ©cisĂ©ment, nous introduisons deux analyses comparatives, d’abord dans le mĂȘme do- maine (en utilisant des donnĂ©es d’orthologie provenant de plusieurs sources de donnĂ©es in- teropĂ©rables) et ensuite Ă  travers des domaines interconnectĂ©s, afin d’étudier la relation entre le changement d’expression et le taux d’évolution suite Ă  une duplication de gĂšne. Enfin, afin de mitiger le dĂ©calage sĂ©mantique entre les utilisateurs et les donnĂ©es, nous concevons et implĂ©mentons Bio-SODA, un systĂšme de rĂ©ponse aux questions sur des graphes de connaissances domaine-spĂ©cifique, qui ne nĂ©cessite pas de donnĂ©es de formation pour traduire les questions des utilisateurs vers SPARQL. Bio-SODA utilise une nouvelle ap- proche de classement qui combine la similaritĂ© syntactique et sĂ©mantique, tout en incorporant des mĂ©triques de centralitĂ© des nƓuds, pour classer les possibles candidats en rĂ©ponse Ă  une question utilisateur donnĂ©e. Nos rĂ©sultats suite aux tests effectuĂ©s en utilisant Bio-SODA sur plusieurs bases de donnĂ©es Ă  travers plusieurs domaines (tantĂŽt liĂ©s Ă  la bioinformatique qu’extĂ©rieurs) montrent que Bio-SODA rĂ©ussit Ă  rĂ©pondre Ă  des questions complexes, en- gendrant multiples entitĂ©s, au-delĂ  de l’état actuel de la technique en matiĂšre de systĂšmes de rĂ©ponses aux questions sur les donnĂ©es structures, en particulier graphes de connaissances

    ZNS : efficient query processing with ZurichNoSQL

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    NoSQL data stores have recently gained popularity as an alternative to relational database management systems since they typically do not require a fixed schema and scale well for large data sets. These systems have often been tuned to a number of very specific operations such as writing or reading of large data sets. However, none of these novel systems has been demonstrated to efficiently perform multi-dimensional range queries incorporating many boolean operators, a task which is commonly used in scientific data exploration, data warehousing and business analytics. In this paper we introduce ZurichNoSQL (ZNS) – a novel NoSQL main memory store that supports efficient processing of multi-dimensional point queries and range queries. The key idea of ZNS is to store the data in a column format (compressed column storage) similar to systems used in high performance computing. Moreover, the ZNS architecture is based on a set of low-level main memory techniques ensuring that CPU caches are being used efficiently. Our experimental results comparing to popular NoSQL stores such as FastBit, MongoDB and Spark SQL demonstrate that ZNS significantly outperforms these systems in most cases
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