6 research outputs found
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Winning and losing in the creative industries: an analysis of creative graduates' career opportunities across creative disciplines
Following earlier work looking at overall career difficulties and low economic rewards faced by graduates in creative disciplines, the paper takes a closer look into the different career patterns and economic performance of âBohemianâ graduates across different creative disciplines. While it is widely acknowledged in the literature that careers in the creative field tend to be unstructured, often relying on part-time work and low wages, our knowledge of how these characteristics differ across the creative industries and occupational sectors is very limited. The paper explores the different trajectory and career patterns experienced by graduates in different creative disciplinary fields and their ability to enter creative occupations. Data from the Higher Education Statistical Agency (HESA) are presented, articulating a complex picture of the reality of finding a creative occupation for creative graduates. While students of some disciplines struggle to find full-time work in the creative economy, for others full-time occupation is the norm. Geography plays a crucial role also in offering graduates opportunities in creative occupations and higher salaries. The findings are contextualised in the New Labour cultural policy framework and conclusions are drawn on whether the creative industries policy construct has hidden a very problematic reality of winners and losers in the creative economy
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Bohemian graduates in the UK: disciplines and location determinants for entering creative careers
The human capital and regional economic development literature has become increasingly interested in the role of the âBohemian occupationsâ on economic growth. Using UK higher education student micro-data, we investigate the characteristics and location determinants of creative (bohemian) graduates. We examine three specific sub-groups: creative arts & design graduates; creative media graduates; other creative graduates. We find these disciplines influence the ability of graduates to enter creative occupations and be successful in the labour market. We also highlight the role of geography, with London and the South East emerging as hubs for studying and providing Bohemian graduates with more labour market opportunities
Mental imagery rehearsal strategies for expert pianists
For pianists working within the western art music tradition, the ability to
perform a large and complex repertoire from memory is almost a
prerequisite for a successful career. Memorising and maintaining this
repertoire requires considerable practice and can lead to physical overuse
syndromes. Additionally, automated motor memory developed via physical
practice is not always sufficient for secure recall, often leading to
performance anxiety. It is important therefore for professionals to identify
optimal practice strategies, and mental rehearsal has been widely advocated
as a potential means of enhancing memorisation and performance fluency
while at the same time avoiding physical overuse. The results of three
studies that examined mental imagery rehearsal by expert pianists, adopting
a mixed methods approach, are presented in this thesis. The first was a
participant observation study of a course at which eleven advanced pianists
learned to use a memorisation technique incorporating deliberate imagery;
the study aimed to describe the teaching and learning of specific imagery
techniques and to examine the potential advantages and drawbacks of this
approach. The second study was an online questionnaire survey of thirty six
piano students at UK conservatoires designed to investigate the teaching and
implementation of mental rehearsal techniques at advanced training levels;
the survey found that despite a widespread awareness of imagery rehearsal
as a potentially effective strategy, training in specific techniques was not
consistently available, and recommended mental practice strategies were
adopted much less consistently than strategies involving physical practice.
Finally, an fMRI study of fourteen expert pianists aimed to determine the
neural correlates of imagery rehearsal and simulated piano playing.
Differences observed in brain activation between tasks suggested increased
involvement of working memory processes during mental imagery. The
thesis concludes that mental imagery rehearsal techniques are acquired skills
that can be taught and improved over time and which have specific
advantages over motor learning, but that more pedagogical training is
needed in order for these techniques to become fully effective and widely
adopted