8,062 research outputs found
Centralized and Decentralized ML-Enabled Integrated Terrestrial and Non-Terrestrial Networks
Non-terrestrial networks (NTNs) are a critical enabler of the persistent
connectivity vision of sixth-generation networks, as they can service areas
where terrestrial infrastructure falls short. However, the integration of these
networks with the terrestrial network is laden with obstacles. The dynamic
nature of NTN communication scenarios and numerous variables render
conventional model-based solutions computationally costly and impracticable for
resource allocation, parameter optimization, and other problems. Machine
learning (ML)-based solutions, thus, can perform a pivotal role due to their
inherent ability to uncover the hidden patterns in time-varying,
multi-dimensional data with superior performance and less complexity.
Centralized ML (CML) and decentralized ML (DML), named so based on the
distribution of the data and computational load, are two classes of ML that are
being studied as solutions for the various complications of terrestrial and
non-terrestrial networks (TNTN) integration. Both have their benefits and
drawbacks under different circumstances, and it is integral to choose the
appropriate ML approach for each TNTN integration issue. To this end, this
paper goes over the TNTN integration architectures as given in the 3rd
generation partnership project standard releases, proposing possible scenarios.
Then, the capabilities and challenges of CML and DML are explored from the
vantage point of these scenarios.Comment: This work was supported in part by the Scientific and Technological
Research Council of Turkey (TUBITAK) under Grant No. 5200030 with the
cooperation of Vestel and Istanbul Medipol Universit
Modeling the Use of an Airborne Platform for Cellular Communications Following Disruptions
In the wake of a disaster, infrastructure can be severely damaged, hampering telecommunications. An Airborne Communications Network (ACN) allows for rapid and accurate information exchange that is essential for the disaster response period. Access to information for survivors is the start of returning to self-sufficiency, regaining dignity, and maintaining hope. Real-world testing has proven that such a system can be built, leading to possible future expansion of features and functionality of an emergency communications system.
Currently, there are no airborne civilian communications systems designed to meet the demands of the public following a natural disaster. A system allowing even a limited amount of communications post-disaster is a great improvement on the current situation, where telecommunications are frequently not available. It is technically feasible to use an airborne, wireless, cellular system quickly deployable to disaster areas and configured to restore some of the functions of damaged terrestrial telecommunications networks.
The system requirements were presented, leading to the next stage of the planned research, where a range of possible solutions were examined. The best solution was selected based on the earlier, predefined criteria. The system was modeled, and a test ii system built. The system was tested and redesigned when necessary, to meet the requirements.
The research has shown how the combination of technology, especially the recent miniaturizations and move to open source software for cellular network components can allow sophisticated cellular networks to be implemented. The ACN system proposed could enable connectivity and reduce the communications problems that were experienced following Hurricane Sandy and Katrina. Experience with both natural and man-made disasters highlights the fact that communications are useful only to the extent that they are accessible and useable by the population
UAV-Empowered Disaster-Resilient Edge Architecture for Delay-Sensitive Communication
The fifth-generation (5G) communication systems will enable enhanced mobile
broadband, ultra-reliable low latency, and massive connectivity services. The
broadband and low-latency services are indispensable to public safety (PS)
communication during natural or man-made disasters. Recently, the third
generation partnership project long term evolution (3GPPLTE) has emerged as a
promising candidate to enable broadband PS communications. In this article,
first we present six major PS-LTE enabling services and the current status of
PS-LTE in 3GPP releases. Then, we discuss the spectrum bands allocated for
PS-LTE in major countries by international telecommunication union (ITU).
Finally, we propose a disaster resilient three-layered architecture for PS-LTE
(DR-PSLTE). This architecture consists of a software-defined network (SDN)
layer to provide centralized control, an unmanned air vehicle (UAV) cloudlet
layer to facilitate edge computing or to enable emergency communication link,
and a radio access layer. The proposed architecture is flexible and combines
the benefits of SDNs and edge computing to efficiently meet the delay
requirements of various PS-LTE services. Numerical results verified that under
the proposed DR-PSLTE architecture, delay is reduced by 20% as compared with
the conventional centralized computing architecture.Comment: 9,
Cognitive relay nodes for airborne LTE emergency networks
This paper is proposing a novel concept of Cognitive Relay Node for intelligently improving the radio coverage of an airborne LTE emergency network, considering the scenarios outlined in the ABSOLUTE research project. The proposed network model was simulated comparing the different cases of deploying relay nodes to complement the coverage of an aerial LTE network. Simulation results of the proposed Cognitive Relay Nodes show significant performance improvement in terms of radio coverage quantified by the regional outage probability enhancement. Also, this paper is presenting the methodology and results of choosing the optimum aerial eNodeB altitude
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