1,040 research outputs found
ИНТЕЛЛЕКТУАЛЬНЫЙ числовым программным ДЛЯ MIMD-компьютер
For most scientific and engineering problems simulated on computers the solving of problems of the computational mathematics with approximately given initial data constitutes an intermediate or a final stage. Basic problems of the computational mathematics include the investigating and solving of linear algebraic systems, evaluating of eigenvalues and eigenvectors of matrices, the solving of systems of non-linear equations, numerical integration of initial- value problems for systems of ordinary differential equations.Для більшості наукових та інженерних задач моделювання на ЕОМ рішення задач обчислювальної математики з наближено заданими вихідними даними складає проміжний або остаточний етап. Основні проблеми обчислювальної математики відносяться дослідження і рішення лінійних алгебраїчних систем оцінки власних значень і власних векторів матриць, рішення систем нелінійних рівнянь, чисельного інтегрування початково задач для систем звичайних диференціальних рівнянь.Для большинства научных и инженерных задач моделирования на ЭВМ решение задач вычислительной математики с приближенно заданным исходным данным составляет промежуточный или окончательный этап. Основные проблемы вычислительной математики относятся исследования и решения линейных алгебраических систем оценки собственных значений и собственных векторов матриц, решение систем нелинейных уравнений, численного интегрирования начально задач для систем обыкновенных дифференциальных уравнений
Movements in Binaural Space: Issues in HRTF Interpolation and Reverberation, with applications to Computer Music
This thesis deals broadly with the topic of Binaural Audio. After reviewing the
literature, a reappraisal of the minimum-phase plus linear delay model for HRTF
representation and interpolation is offered. A rigorous analysis of threshold based
phase unwrapping is also performed. The results and conclusions drawn from these
analyses motivate the development of two novel methods for HRTF representation
and interpolation. Empirical data is used directly in a Phase Truncation method. A
Functional Model for phase is used in the second method based on the
psychoacoustical nature of Interaural Time Differences. Both methods are validated;
most significantly, both perform better than a minimum-phase method in subjective
testing.
The accurate, artefact-free dynamic source processing afforded by the above
methods is harnessed in a binaural reverberation model, based on an early reflection
image model and Feedback Delay Network diffuse field, with accurate interaural
coherence. In turn, these flexible environmental processing algorithms are used in
the development of a multi-channel binaural application, which allows the audition
of multi-channel setups in headphones. Both source and listener are dynamic in this
paradigm. A GUI is offered for intuitive use of the application.
HRTF processing is thus re-evaluated and updated after a review of accepted
practice. Novel solutions are presented and validated. Binaural reverberation is
recognised as a crucial tool for convincing artificial spatialisation, and is developed
on similar principles. Emphasis is placed on transparency of development practices,
with the aim of wider dissemination and uptake of binaural technology
Re-Sonification of Objects, Events, and Environments
abstract: Digital sound synthesis allows the creation of a great variety of sounds. Focusing on interesting or ecologically valid sounds for music, simulation, aesthetics, or other purposes limits the otherwise vast digital audio palette. Tools for creating such sounds vary from arbitrary methods of altering recordings to precise simulations of vibrating objects. In this work, methods of sound synthesis by re-sonification are considered. Re-sonification, herein, refers to the general process of analyzing, possibly transforming, and resynthesizing or reusing recorded sounds in meaningful ways, to convey information. Applied to soundscapes, re-sonification is presented as a means of conveying activity within an environment. Applied to the sounds of objects, this work examines modeling the perception of objects as well as their physical properties and the ability to simulate interactive events with such objects. To create soundscapes to re-sonify geographic environments, a method of automated soundscape design is presented. Using recorded sounds that are classified based on acoustic, social, semantic, and geographic information, this method produces stochastically generated soundscapes to re-sonify selected geographic areas. Drawing on prior knowledge, local sounds and those deemed similar comprise a locale's soundscape. In the context of re-sonifying events, this work examines processes for modeling and estimating the excitations of sounding objects. These include plucking, striking, rubbing, and any interaction that imparts energy into a system, affecting the resultant sound. A method of estimating a linear system's input, constrained to a signal-subspace, is presented and applied toward improving the estimation of percussive excitations for re-sonification. To work toward robust recording-based modeling and re-sonification of objects, new implementations of banded waveguide (BWG) models are proposed for object modeling and sound synthesis. Previous implementations of BWGs use arbitrary model parameters and may produce a range of simulations that do not match digital waveguide or modal models of the same design. Subject to linear excitations, some models proposed here behave identically to other equivalently designed physical models. Under nonlinear interactions, such as bowing, many of the proposed implementations exhibit improvements in the attack characteristics of synthesized sounds.Dissertation/ThesisPh.D. Electrical Engineering 201
Solutions to aliasing in time-resolved flow data
Avoiding aliasing in time-resolved flow data obtained through high fidelity
simulations while keeping the computational and storage costs at acceptable
levels is often a challenge. Well-established solutions such as increasing the
sampling rate or low-pass filtering to reduce aliasing can be prohibitively
expensive for large data sets. This paper provides a set of alternative
strategies for identifying and mitigating aliasing that are applicable even to
large data sets. We show how time-derivative data, which can be obtained
directly from the governing equations, can be used to detect aliasing and to
turn the ill-posed problem of removing aliasing from data into a well-posed
problem, yielding a prediction of the true spectrum. Similarly, we show how
spatial filtering can be used to remove aliasing for convective systems. We
also propose strategies to avoid aliasing when generating a database, including
a method tailored for computing nonlinear forcing terms that arise within the
resolvent framework. These methods are demonstrated using large-eddy simulation
(LES) data for a subsonic turbulent jet and a non-linear Ginzburg-Landau model.Comment: 25 pages, 14 figure
Modeling and analysis of power processing systems: Feasibility investigation and formulation of a methodology
A review is given of future power processing systems planned for the next 20 years, and the state-of-the-art of power processing design modeling and analysis techniques used to optimize power processing systems. A methodology of modeling and analysis of power processing equipment and systems has been formulated to fulfill future tradeoff studies and optimization requirements. Computer techniques were applied to simulate power processor performance and to optimize the design of power processing equipment. A program plan to systematically develop and apply the tools for power processing systems modeling and analysis is presented so that meaningful results can be obtained each year to aid the power processing system engineer and power processing equipment circuit designers in their conceptual and detail design and analysis tasks
Complex-Coefficient Frequency Domain Stability Analysis Method for a Class of Cross-Coupled Antisymmetrical Systems and Its Extension in MSR Systems
This paper develops a complex-coefficient frequency domain stability analysis method for a class of cross-coupled two-dimensional antisymmetrical systems, which can greatly simplify the stability analysis of the multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) system. Through variable reconstruction, the multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) system is converted into a single-input single-output (SISO) system with complex coefficients. The pole locations law of the closed-loop system after the variable reconstruction has been revealed, and the controllability as well as observability of the controlled plants before and after the variable reconstruction has been studied too, and then the classical Nyquist stability criterion is extended to the complex-coefficient frequency domain. Combined with the rigid magnetically suspended rotor (MSR) system with heavy gyroscopic effects, corresponding stability criterion has been further developed. Compared with the existing methods, the developed criterion for the rigid MSR system not only accurately predicts the absolute stability of the different whirling modes, but also directly demonstrates their relative stability, which greatly simplifies the analysis, design, and debugging of the control system
An All-Organic Flexible Visible Light Communication System
Visible light communication systems can be used in a wide variety of applications, from driving to home automation. The use of wearables can increase the potential applications in indoor systems to send and receive specific and customized information. We have designed and developed a fully organic and flexible Visible Light Communication system using a flexible OLED, a flexible P3HT:PCBM-based organic photodiode (OPD) and flexible PCBs for the emitter and receiver conditioning circuits. We have fabricated and characterized the I-V curve, modulation response and impedance of the flexible OPD. As emitter we have used a commercial flexible organic luminaire with dimensions 99 × 99 × 0.88 mm, and we have characterized its modulation response. All the devices show frequency responses that allow operation over 40 kHz, thus enabling the transmission of high quality audio. Finally, we integrated the emitter and receiver components and its electronic drivers, to build an all-organic flexible VLC system capable of transmitting an audio file in real-time, as a proof of concept of the indoor capabilities of such a system.This Project was funded by Comunidad de Madrid through the SINFOTON-CM Research Program
(S2013/MIT-2790), and the Spanish Ministry of Economy, the Agencia Estatal de Investigación and European
Union's FEDER through the TEC2016-77242-C3-(1-R, 2-R and 3-R) AEI/FEDER, UE Projects
Biodiversity monitoring using smart acoustic sensors: application to mosquitos
Animals generate sounds for many biological functions from mating to finding food. The ability to use inexpensive, non-intrusive sensors to gain valuable insights about the biology of animals is a promising application area for information and communication (ICT) research. In this thesis, we focus on the acoustic classification of flying insects in support of entomological research related to public health monitoring and control.
This thesis describes how we can develop smart sensors capable of monitoring insects to control their development as well as to analyze their habitat and identify which areas are most affected. The focus of this work was on mosquito detection, although we are interested in the general problem of flying insect detection, and identification. Mosquitos are the most common vector for disease-causing viruses and parasites. They are estimated to transmit various types of diseases to more than 700 million people annually in all continents.
A prototype acoustic insect flight detector was built from an analog microphone coupled to a digital sound recorder capable of recording and providing real-time data as well as some environmental parameters over common wireless networks. The system was placed in several points of interest identified by the public health administration institute of Madeira Islands and already monitored using traditional mechanical traps. The sensors collected several hours of ambient sound recordings that were further analyzed to detect the feasibility of the acoustic sensing approach to detect and identify mosquitos.
Our results show the practical feasibility of this low-cost, non-intrusive approach for monitoring mosquitos in places requiring vector monitoring aimed at mosquito control or eradication.Os animais geram sons para muitas funções biológicas desde o acasalamento até encontrar comida. A capacidade de usar sensores baratos e não intrusivos para obter informações valiosas sobre a biologia dos animais é uma área de aplicação promissora para a investigação. Nesta tese, concentramo-nos na classificação acústica de insetos voadores em apoio à pesquisa entomológica relacionada com a monitorização e controlo de saúde pública.
Esta tese descreve como podemos desenvolver sensores inteligentes capazes de monitorizar insetos para controlar o seu desenvolvimento e analisar o seu habitat bem como identificar quais as áreas que são mais afetadas. O foco deste trabalho é sobre a deteção de mosquitos, embora estejamos interessados no problema geral de deteção de insetos voadores e a sua identificação. Os mosquitos são o meio mais comum para transmissão de vírus e parasitas causadores de doenças. Atualmente estima-se que estes insetos transmitam vários tipos de doenças a mais de 700 milhões de pessoas por ano em todos os continentes.
O protótipo de deteção de voo para insetos através de sensores acústicos foi construído a partir de um microfone analógico acoplado a um gravador de som digital capaz de gravar e fornecer dados em tempo real, bem como alguns parâmetros ambientais em redes sem fio comuns. O sistema foi colocado em vários pontos de interesse identificados pelo instituto de administração de saúde pública da Ilha da Madeira, onde a monitorização é realizada usando armadilhas mecânicas tradicionais. Os sensores recolhem várias horas de gravações de som ambiente que foram analisadas para verificar a viabilidade desta abordagem de deteção acústica para detetar e identificar mosquitos.
Os resultados mostram a viabilidade prática dessa abordagem de baixo custo e não intrusiva para a monitorização de mosquitos em locais que requerem a constante monitorização de vetores destinados ao controlo ou erradicação de mosquitos
Accurate sound synthesis of 3D object collisions in interactive virtual scenarios
Questa tesi affronta lo studio di algoritmi efficienti per
la sintesi di suoni risultanti dalla collisione di oggetti
generici, partendo da una descrizione fisica del problema.
L'obiettivo della ricerca e' lo sviluppo di strumenti in grado
di aumentare l'accuratezza del feedback uditivo in ambienti
di realta' virtuale attraverso un approccio basato sulla fisica,
senza il bisogno quindi di far riferimento a suoni pre-registrati.
Data la loro versatilita' nel trattare geometrie complesse, i metodi
agli elementi finiti (FEM) sono stati scelti per la discretizzazione
spaziale di generici risonatori tridimensionali. Le risultanti equazioni
discrete sono riarrangiate in modo da disaccoppiare i modi normali del
sistema tramite l'utilizzo di tecniche di Analisi e Sintesi Modale.
Queste tecniche, infatti, portano convenientemente ad algoritmi computazionalmente
efficienti per la sintesi del suono. Implementazioni di esempio di tali algoritmi
sono state sviluppate facendo uso solo di software open-source: questo
materiale a corredo della tesi permette una migliore riproducibilita' dei
risultati di questa tesi da parte di ricercatori aventi una preparazione
nel campo della sintesi audio.
I risultati originali presenti in questo lavoro includono:
i tecniche efficienti basate sulla fisica che aiutano l'implementazione
in tempo reale di algoritmi di sintesi del suono su hardware comune;
ii un metodo per la gestione efficiente dei dati provenienti da analisi
FEM che, assieme ad un modello espressivo per la dissipazione, permette
di calcolare l'informazione caratterizzante un oggetto risonante e salvarla
in una struttura dati compatta
iii una trasformazione nel dominio discreto del tempo su due diverse
rappresentazioni nello spazio degli stati di filtri digitali del secondo
ordine, che permette il calcolo esatto di variabili derivate come la velocita'
e l'energia di un risonatore anche quando semplici realizzazioni a soli poli
sono impiegate
i un'efficiente realizzazione multirate di un banco parallelo di risonatori,
derivata usando una suddivisione con Quadrature-Mirror-Filters (QMF). Confrontata
con lavori simili presenti in letteratura, questa realizzazione permette l'uso
di eccitazione nonlineare in feedback per un banco di risonatori in multirate:
l'idea chiave consiste nello svolgere un cambio di stato adattivo nel banco
di risonatori, muovendo i risonatori dalla frequenza di campionamento elevata,
usata per il processamento della fase transiente, ad un insieme di sottofrequenze
ridotte usate durante l'evoluzione in stato libero del sistema.This thesis investigates efficient algorithms for the synthesis of sounds
produced by colliding objects, starting from a physical description of the
problem. The objective of this investigation is to provide tools capable
of increasing the accuracy of the synthetic auditory feedback in virtual
environments through a physics-based approach, hence without the need
of pre-recorded sounds.
Due to their versatility in dealing with complex geometries, Finite Element
Methods (FEM) are chosen for the space-domain discretization of
generic three-dimensional resonators. The resulting state-space representations
are rearranged so as to decouple the normal modes in the corresponding
equations, through the use of Modal Analysis/Synthesis techniques.
Such techniques, in fact, conveniently lead to computationally efficient
sound synthesis algorithms. The whole mathematical treatment develops
until deriving such algorithms. Finally, implementation examples are provided
which rely only on open-source software: this companion material
guarantees the reproducibility of the results, and can be handled without
much effort by most researchers having a background in sound processing.
The original results presented in this work include:
i efficient physics-based techniques that help implement real-time sound
synthesis algorithms on common hardware;
ii a method for the efficient management of FEM data which, by working
together with an expressive damping model, allows to pre-compute the
information characterizing a resonating object and then to store it in
a compact data structure;
iii a time-domain transformation of the state-space representation of
second-order digital filters, allowing for the exact computation of dependent
variables such as resonator velocity and energy, even when
simple all-pole realizations are used;
iv an efficient multirate realization of a parallel bank of resonators, which
is derived using a Quadrature-Mirror-Filters (QMF) subdivision. Compared
to similar works previously proposed in the literature, this realization
allows for the nonlinear feedback excitation of a multirate
filter bank: the key idea is to perform an adaptive state change in the
resonator bank, by switching the sampling rate of the resonators from
a common highest value, used while processing the initial transient of
the signals at full bandwidth, to a set of lower values in ways to enable
a multirate realization of the same bank during the steady state
evolution of the signals
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