38,788 research outputs found
Propagation and interaction of chiral states in quantum gravity
We study the stability, propagation and interactions of braid states in
models of quantum gravity in which the states are four-valent spin networks
embedded in a topological three manifold and the evolution moves are given by
the dual Pachner moves. There are results for both the framed and unframed
case. We study simple braids made up of two nodes which share three edges,
which are possibly braided and twisted. We find three classes of such braids,
those which both interact and propagate, those that only propagate, and the
majority that do neither.Comment: 34 pages, 30 figures, typos corrected, 2 references added, to match
the version accepted for publication in Nucl. Phys.
Extension to UML-B Notation and Toolset
The UML-B notation has been created as an attempt to combine the success and ease of use of UML, with the verification and rigorous development capabilities of formal methods. However, the notation currently only supports a basic diagram set. To address this we have, in this project, designed and implemented a set of extensions to the UML-B notation that provide a much fuller software engineering experience, critically making UML-B more appealing to industry partners. These extensions comprise five new diagram types, which are aimed at supplying a broader range of design capabilities, such as conceptual Use-Case design and future integration with the ProB animator tool
A formal support to business and architectural design for service-oriented systems
Architectural Design Rewriting (ADR) is an approach for the design of software architectures developed within Sensoria by reconciling graph transformation and process calculi techniques. The key feature that makes ADR a suitable and expressive framework is the algebraic handling of structured graphs, which improves the support for specification, analysis and verification of service-oriented architectures and applications. We show how ADR is used as a formal ground for high-level modelling languages and approaches developed within Sensoria
Generalised Stretched Littlewood-Richardson Coefficients
The Littlewood-Richardson (LR) coefficient counts among many other things the
LR tableaux of a given shape and a given content. We prove, that the number of
LR tableaux weakly increases if one adds to the shape and the content the shape
and the content of another LR tableau. We also investigate the behaviour of the
number of LR tableaux, if one repeatedly adds to the shape another shape with
either fixed or arbitrary content. This is a generalisation of the stretched LR
coefficients, where one repeatedly adds the same shape and content to itself.Comment: 15 pages, rewritten with more results and examples (compared with
v1), final version to appear at Journal of Combinatorial Theory
Automated Mapping of UML Activity Diagrams to Formal Specifications for Supporting Containment Checking
Business analysts and domain experts are often sketching the behaviors of a
software system using high-level models that are technology- and
platform-independent. The developers will refine and enrich these high-level
models with technical details. As a consequence, the refined models can deviate
from the original models over time, especially when the two kinds of models
evolve independently. In this context, we focus on behavior models; that is, we
aim to ensure that the refined, low-level behavior models conform to the
corresponding high-level behavior models. Based on existing formal verification
techniques, we propose containment checking as a means to assess whether the
system's behaviors described by the low-level models satisfy what has been
specified in the high-level counterparts. One of the major obstacles is how to
lessen the burden of creating formal specifications of the behavior models as
well as consistency constraints, which is a tedious and error-prone task when
done manually. Our approach presented in this paper aims at alleviating the
aforementioned challenges by considering the behavior models as verification
inputs and devising automated mappings of behavior models onto formal
properties and descriptions that can be directly used by model checkers. We
discuss various challenges in our approach and show the applicability of our
approach in illustrative scenarios.Comment: In Proceedings FESCA 2014, arXiv:1404.043
Generating natural language specifications from UML class diagrams
Early phases of software development are known to be problematic, difficult to manage and errors occurring during these phases are expensive to correct. Many systems have been developed to aid the transition from informal Natural Language requirements to semistructured or formal specifications. Furthermore, consistency checking is seen by many software engineers as the solution to reduce the number of errors occurring during the software development life cycle and allow early verification and validation of software systems. However, this is confined to the models developed during analysis and design and fails to include the early Natural Language requirements. This excludes proper user involvement and creates a gap between the original requirements and the updated and modified models and implementations of the system. To improve this process, we propose a system that generates Natural Language specifications from UML class diagrams. We first investigate the variation of the input language used in naming the components of a class diagram based on the study of a large number of examples from the literature and then develop rules for removing ambiguities in the subset of Natural Language used within UML. We use WordNet,a linguistic ontology, to disambiguate the lexical structures of the UML string names and generate semantically sound sentences. Our system is developed in Java and is tested on an independent though academic case study
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